论《老人与海》的悲剧色彩.docx
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论《老人与海》的悲剧色彩.docx
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论《老人与海》的悲剧色彩
AnAnalysisoftheTragicColorintheOldManandtheSea
摘要
一直以来,人们一直追求完美,但是,人无完人,即使是人们心目中最完美的东西也有它的破绽。
就像是海明威和他的名著《老人与海》里的铁汉英雄---圣地亚哥一样,他们两人都是人们心目中的完美主义者。
然而生活中,完美主义者总会有这样那样的悲哀,因为他们追求会随着自己目标的达成变得越来越多。
若是一个追求完美的人定了目标而没有实现时,他们就很容易受到打击,这样的打击使得他们的内心总是充满矛盾。
本论文从研究《老人与海》的悲剧色彩入手,分析老人的悲剧,指出他的悲剧是由他的完美主义思想所致,同时也说明海明威的悲剧,海明威的高要求,不断追求心中达到完美的目标,甚至有些目标已经超过了他的能力范围。
然而,他的事事追求完美的思想使得他承受不了生活的压力,病痛的折磨,最终,他以自杀结束了他本是辉煌灿烂的人生。
接着论文则对世人觉得理所当然的追求完美主义的思想提出质疑。
世间没有绝对的完美。
实际上追求完美是弥补心灵空虚人的一剂良药,但前提是在人们真正了解自己的潜能。
一个人若是连自己都不了解,不知道自己真正所需,就过度追求生命中事事的完美,那他的一生必定没有幸福,而且到头来也不会得到他所追求的完美。
整理我们的思绪,放弃不切实际的想法,做我们自己而不在意别人的想法,这才是我们每个人应该做的。
世界从来就不完美,学会放弃才是人生的宽途。
本论文分析老人和海明威的悲剧以及对造成他们悲剧的原因-追求完美主义,进行分析,试图说明过分追求完美必然导致对自己的伤害。
关键词:
悲剧色彩;完美;完美主义;海明威;圣地亚哥
Abstract
Throughages,humanbeingshavealwaysbeeninpursuitoftheperfectionofeverything.Notallthings,however,areperfectintheworld.BothHemingwayandSantiago,theheroinhisfamousworkTheOldManandtheSeaareperfectionists.Intheirdailylives,perfectionistshaveendlesssadnesssincetheyalwaysdemandmoreandmore.Whenapersonwantsmoreandhispresentsituationcouldnotsatisfyhim,heisboundtoinvolveinastrangecircle,whichwillmakehismentalityfullofcontradictories.Itisuneasyforhimtolethimselffree.Perfectionistscouldnotbeeasilyunderstoodbyothers.ThoughananalysisofthetragedyoftheoldmanandHemingway,thisthesismainlydiscussesthetragiccolorinTheOldManandtheSea,anddrawsaconclusionthattheirperfectionismleadstotheirtragedy.Inthatway,thepaperchallengesperfectionism.Justlikeanoldsayinggoes:
“Nooneisperfect”.Thereisnoabsoluteperfectionismintheworld.Infact,pursuingperfectionisagoodmedicineforthosewhoarevacuoustoremedy,butonthepremisethattheyknowtheirpotentialwellinpursuitofperfection.Ifapersondoesnotknowhispotentialofperfectionandover-pursuesit,notonlydoeshelivewithouthappiness,buthegetsnothingintheendaswell.Theworldisimperfect.Therefore,itisessentialtoaccepttheimperfectionoftheworldandlearntoabnegatesomeunrealisticpursuits.Thisthesistriestoelucidatethetruththatpeoplewhoover-pursueperfectioncannotbuthurtthemselvesintheend.
KeyWords:
Tragiccolor;perfection;perfectionism;Hemingway;Santiago
Contents
摘要i
Abstractii
Contentsiii
1 Introduction1
2 Briefintroductionaboutthisnovel3
2.1 Storyline3
2.2 Whattragiccolorisintheauthor’sopinion5
3 HowtragiccolorrepresentedintheNovel8
3.1 Plot8
3.2 Line10
3.3 Thecharacter’stragiccolor12
3.3.1Santiago’sPerfectionism12
3.3.2 Hemingway’sPerfectionism15
3.3.3 Theothertragiccolorofthenovel17
4 Howthismoodaffectedmyopiniononlife19
4.1 Persistingperfectexcessivelyisnogoodforus19
4.2 Trylearningtogiveupandyoucangethappiness20
4.3 Thisnovelinfluencesmyfuture21
5 Conclusion23
References24
Acknowledgements25
1 Introduction
Ihavereadtheoldmanandtheseaduringmyhighschooltime.Atthattime,Ithinkitisfresh.Themasterpiecebroughtmegoodfeelingsandalotofdeepthinking.SowhenIdidthegraduationdesign,Ireaditagainandagain,foreachtimeitmademehavemoreprofoundunderstanding.
ThebooktoldusanoldfishmanSantiagoinCuba,whoisaloneintheseafishing,hehasnevercaughtanynothingafter84days,hecaughtaenormousmarlin.Neitherthisistheoldmanneverseennorhearditisabigmarlinwhichheisabigtwofeetlong.Thanhisboar.Thefishisverylarge,itdraggedtheboatontheseaforthreedaysandnights,theoldmanhadneversufferedfromsoterribletestinthethreedaysandnights,finallykilledthemarlinandtiedtotheheadofthudboatUnfortunately,however,theoldmanmetsharkssharkwhenhereturnedback,thoughtaviolentfight,eventually,thebigmarlinwaseatenbyshark,finallyonlyonepairofhomeandabareskeletonfish,buthestillpraisedbythevillagers.
Itimpressedmeverydeeplythattheoldman'sunremittingspirit,heisastandardof"hardman",butalsohassadnessthatpeoplehaveknown.Inthispaper,thewriterfromhis"perfect"towrite.Tofindanewappreciationoftheclassics,whythisnovelhasthefunctiontoinspirethepeople.Itisalsohasanothertragedyofeternity.Inmyopinionthenovelshowsthattheoldfishingsandystillkeepsgentlerwell-manneredunderpressurewithrealisticnoveltechnique,thisspiritwillneverdefeatbyanyoneanditbecomesoneofthemostfamous“butch”intheliterature.Hemingwayhimselfthought“thisisthebestbookofhiswrittintinhislife.".ButIthinkthatthespiritisbasedofbirthoftragedy.
IhavewrittenthisarticlebecauseIwanttoperspectiveanddigthehiddeninformationinthenovel.Usingtheembodimentoftragedy,toquestionedwhethertheperfectionismisreallyvaluableornot.IhopethatIcanprovethatpersistingperfection;wewon'tlosealotofthingsforourselvesandcausedamagetoothers.
2 Briefintroductionaboutthisnovel
2.1 Storyline
SantiagoisanoldCubanfisherman.Hewasverystrongandpowerfulwhenhewasyoung.Once,hehadahandwrestlingmatchwithaNegroforallday.Atlasthebeathisopponentandwonthegame.Asbecomingolder,hewasnolongerasstrongandagileasbefore.Helivedinapokythatchingaloneafterhiswifedied.
Atonetime,theoldfishermanwentfishingbyboat,but84dayshadpassed,hecaughtnothing.Beforetime,aboynamedNuolinwasalwaysfishingwithhim.ButhispatientsthoughtSantiagowastoohaplesssothatNuolincouldnotharvestanything.SotheyletNuolingofishingbyanotherboatandhegotthreefishesinthefirstweekafterleavingSantiago.Nuolinwasakindboy.Hewasverysadtoseetheoldfishermanbackwithnothingandalwayshelpinghimtocarrystuffs.
Santiagowasemaciatedmanwithwrinkledneckandpimpledface,buttherewasnotanydepressioninhiseyeswhichwereaslimpidassea.Heandthechildwereclosefriends.Theoldfishermanlikedtheboyverymuchandoftentaughthimhowtofish.Theoldfishermanwaslookeddownuponbyvillagersbecausehewasunabletocatchanything,butinNoulin’sopinion,Santiagowasthebestfisherman.ForNuolinandSantiago,catchingfishwasnotonlyformoney,theyregardeditasfavoritecareer.Theboycookedfortheoldfishermanandtalkedaboutsoftballtournamentswithhim.Santiago’sfavoritesoftballplayerwasDimajiao,whoisafisherman’sson.Dimajiaowasalwaysplayingsoftballwithfullofvimandvigorthoughhehadlongbornonhisfeet.Santiagowasoldandnotasstrongasbefore,buthewasstillagoodfishermanbecausehehadgreatdeterminationandknewmanyknowledgeandtechniquesoffishing.Thoughhebecameolderandwasnotstrongasbefore.
Theoldmanandtheboyplannedtolaunchoutforfishingtogethernextday,namelythe85thday.Atmidnight,hewenttowakethechildupandtheysteeredtodifferentdirectionbydifferentboat.
Itwasstillnight,theoldfishermanputdownthedelicioussardinesbait,whichwrappedthehookinside.
Aslookingatthefishinglineintently,hefelthitchunderwaterandbecameveryexcited.Later,hefoundsomethinghardandheavy.Hewassurethatitwasalargefish,whichspurredhisdeterminationtochallengeit.
Itwasverycoldbeforedawn;theoldmanleaneduponthewoodtosavethebodyheat.Hebelievedthathecanpersistuntilthefishwastired.Hecriedwithgentleandfirmvoice:
”Myfish,IwillstrugglewithyouaslongasIhavebreath”Aftersunrise,hefoundthatthefishwasstillnottired,butthegradientoffishinglineshowedthatthefishwasgoingtojumpoutofthewater,whichwasjustheexpected.Heshouted:
“Oh,myfish,Iloveandrespectyouverymuch,butstillImustcatchyoubeforesunset.”Thefishbeganrestlessanditswagedtheboatsuddenly.Theoldman’srighthandbledfordrawingthefishingline,afterawhilehislefthandwascramped.Hestillinsistedon.Heatesomeslicesoftunainordertokeepsinewtostrugglewiththebigfish.
Theoldmanfoughtwiththefishuntilsunsetandgotthefishfinally.Butunfortunately,anhourlater,sharkssmeltandtracedthebloodyscentinordertoeatthefish.Asharkcame;theoldmankilleditwithspear.Severalhourslater,anothertwosharksapproachedsterntobitethefishtail.Theoldfishermanboundtheknifetothepaddleandkilledtheinvaders.Unluckily,thesharksatethefishoutandlefttheheadandtailonly.
Theoldfishermanreturnedbackbyboat.Afterdaybreak,villagerssawthewhitelargespineofthefishbesidetheboat.EveryonewasastonishedbySantiago.
Nextmorning,theboycametoseetheoldman.Hecouldnothelpcryingashesawthatthetiredmansleptdeeply.Aftertheoldmanwakingup,thechildgavehimacupofhotcoffee.Thechildsaidthathewantedtolearnmuchmorefromtheoldmanandtheyplannedtogofishingtogetherinafewdays.Thechildleft,theoldmanfellasleepanddreamedoftheAfricanlionagain.
2.2 Whattragiccolorisintheauthor’sopinion
Tragedycoloristoplaytheheroandtheirreconcilableconflictbetweenrealityanditstragicend,formthebasiccontentofthework.Itsprotagonistisonebigideal,aspirationsrepresentative.Tragedytoatragicend,torevealthelifeofsin,withLuXun'swords,thetragedyabouttodestroythepostersvaluablethingsinlife,toarousetheaudience'sgriefandrespect,toachievethepurposeofimprovingideologicalsentiment.
Thetragiccolorisintheauthor’sopinioncomesfromthewholeenvironmentandbackground.Thetragedyoftheold,thelittleboy'stragedyandthetragedyoffishandsoon,allthetragedyofthesewasexpressed
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- 关 键 词:
- 老人与海 老人 悲剧 色彩