北师大版初三英语第4讲unit 2 语法篇学生版.docx
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北师大版初三英语第4讲unit 2 语法篇学生版.docx
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北师大版初三英语第4讲unit2语法篇学生版
Unit2语法篇
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理解并掌握被动语态的结构及用法
被动语态
1.被动语态的构成:
be+p.p.(pastparticiple动词的过去分词)
2.不同时态的被动语态的构成
一般现在时的被动语态:
am/is/are+p.p.
一般过去时的被动语态:
was/were+p.p.
一般将来时的被动语态:
willbe+done/begoingto+p.p.
现在进行时的被动语态:
am/is/are+being+p.p.
过去进行时的被动语态:
was/were+being+p.p.
现在完成时的被动语态:
have/has+been+p.p.
过去完成时的被动语态:
had+been+p.p.
含有情态动词的被动语态:
情态动词(can||,may||,must)+be+p.p.
eg:
Theroomisfilledwithsmoke.
Thebridgewasn’tbuiltuntil1914.
Everythingwillbedonetoputoutthefire.
Theroomisbeingcleanedatthemoment.
Hetoldmethattheroadwasbeingrepaired.
Allofthefoodhasbeeneatenup.
MyhomeworkhadbeendonebeforeIwenthome.
3.使役动词、感官动词的被动语态
带复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的动词改为被动语态时||,把主动结构中的宾语改为主语||,而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
如:
(1)Wealwayskeeptheclassroomclean.(keepsth.clean)
→Theclassroomisalwayskeptclean.(sthbekeptclean)
(2)Shetoldusnottostayuplate.(tellsbnottodo…)
→Weweretoldnottostayuplate.(sb.betoldnottodo…)
注意:
在see||,watch||,hear||,notice||,listento||,lookat||,make||,feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to||,但改成被动语态后都补上to。
Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.→Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar.
记住下列变化:
seesbdo…beseentodo
hearsbdo….beheardtodo
listentosbdobelistenedtodo
makesbdo…bemadetodo
4.有些动词既可作及物动词||,也可作不及物动词||,当它们和well||,badly||,easily等副词连用时||,表示主语内在品质或使用性能||,是不及物动词||,不用被动语态。
常见的有:
write||,read||,clean||,sell||,wash||,cook等。
eg:
Theclothwasheseasily.这布很好洗。
Thenewcomputersellswell.这新产品很畅销。
Theprinterprintsquickly.这个打印机打印很快。
对比:
Thebookssellwell.(主动句)Thebooksweresoldout.(被动句)
5.被动语态的解题思路
(1)判断主语与谓语动词的主被动关系
(2)根据时间状语判断时态
(3)根据不同时态被动语态的构成解出正确答案
1.---Thefamoustower_______morethan300yearsago.
A.buildB.buildsC.builtD.wasbuilt
2.Thisclassroom____________forEnglishCorner.
A.usesB.isusingC.canbeusedD.shalluse
3.---Willteachers__________bycomputersinthefuture||,Tony?
---Maybeyes||,maybeno.ButI’msurewewilllearnsomethingfrombothofthem.
A.havereplacedB.arereplacingC.arereplacedD.bereplaced
4.Mysister_______tothepartyyesterday.Shehadagoodtimewithherfriends.
A.invitesB.invitedC.wasinvitedD.isinvited
5.---Foodsafetyisveryimportant.
---Sosomerules_________tostoppeoplefrompollutingfood.
A.mustmakeB.mustbemadeC.mustmadeD.bemade
6.Peoplewhodon’tworkshouldbemade________.
A.workB.workedC.toworkD.working
7.Aparty_______inourschoolnextmonth.I’mlookingforwardtoit.
A.heldB.holdsC.isheldD.willbeheld
8.Sofar||,themoon_______bymanalready.
A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited
9.Theflowers____________often.
A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater
10.Mary___________showmehernewdictionary.
A.hasaskedtoB.askstoC.isaskedD.wasaskedto
基础演练
用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely________(speak)intheworld?
2.Theoldmanisill.He_____________(mustsend)tothehospital.
3.They__________(make)ofmetalandwood.
4.Canthemagazine__________(take)outofthelibrary?
5.Someflowers_____________(water)byLiMingalready.
6.Thiskindofshoes_________(sell)well.
7.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees__________(cut)down.
8.Thestarscan’t__________(see)inthedaytime.
9.Thelostboy_________(notfind)sofar.
10.It’ssaidthat(据说)thatthelongbridge____________(build)intwomonths.
巩固提高
一、根据中文提示完成句子(每空一词)
1.这种产品的价格取决于它的质量。
Thepriceofthiskindofproduct_________________itsquality.
2.你怎么看待《汤姆索亚历险记》(这本书)?
Whatdoyou_________________TheAdventuresofTomSawyer?
3.读书有助于帮助我们了解人性。
Readingcan_________us_________abouthumannature.
4.为了进一步美化校园||,下个月会在我们学校种很多树。
Nextmonthmanytrees_________________________inourschooltomakeitmorebeautiful.
5.Alice在北京已经两年了||,她习惯了这里的生活。
AlicehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears.She_____________________________________here.
二、句型转换
1.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)
_______________________________________________________
2.Youneedn’tdoitnow.(改为被动语态)
_______________________________________________________
3.Hemademedothatforhim.(改为被动语态)
_______________________________________________________
4.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?
(改为被动语态)
_______________________________________________________
5.ThelightgreendresseshavebeensoldoutbyTom.(改为主动语态)
________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
1.Tomisabooklover._______likesreadingverymuch.
A.SheB.HeC.YouD.They
2.Thework__________soon.
A.willbefinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.willfinishD.finishes
3.Hisfamouswork__________in1990.
A.publishedB.ispublishedC.waspublishedD.hasbeenpublished
4.TheGreatWall___________allovertheworld.
A.wasknownB.isknownC.wasknewD.knows
5.AtalkonChinesehistory_________intheschoolhallnextweek.
A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives
6.Now||,peoplehavemorefreetime.SquareDancingisbecomingmoreandmore________.
A.comfortableB.difficultC.differentD.popular
7.Apersonwhois_________doesnottellliesorcheatpeople.
A.carelessB.stupidC.honestD.humorous
8.---How’shenow?
---Ihearthecompany_______himaverygoodjob||,butheturneditdown.
A.donatedB.offeredC.servedD.introduced
9.---Excuseme||,doyouknow_________________?
---Sure.Thereisabookstoredownthestreet.
A.wherecanIgetsomepostcards
B.whereIcangetsomepostcards
C.whenIcangetsomepostcards
D.whencanIgetsomepostcards
10.Theoldbridgeinmyhometown_________________nextmonth.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.isgoingtorebuild
C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild
二、完形填空
BradclosedthedoorslowlyasSuelefthometovisithermother.Expectingawholedaytorelax||,hewasthinkingwhethertoreadthenewspaperorwatchhisfavoriteTVtalkshowonhisfirstdayoffinmonths.“Thiswillbelikeawalkinthepark||,”he’dtoldhiswife.“I’lllookafter1||,andyoucangotovisityourmom.”
Thingsstartedwell||,butjustaftereighto’clock||,histhreelittle“goodkids”—Mike||,Randy||,andAlex—camedownthestairsintheirnightclothesandshouted“Breakfast||,daddy.”When2hadnotappearedwithinthirtyseconds||,RandybeganusinghisspoononAlex’sheadasifitwereadrum.Alexstartedtoshoutloudlyintimetothebeat(节拍).Mikechanted“Where’smyhotdog||,where’smyhotdog.”inthebackground.Brad3hisnewspaperwouldhavetowaitforafewseconds.
Lifebecameworseafterbreakfast.MikeworeRandy’strousersonhishead.Randylockedhimselfinthebathroom||,whileAlex4againbecausehewasgoingtowethisshortpants(短裤).Nobodycouldfind5socks||,althoughtheywerebeforetheireyes.Someonenamed“NotMe”hadspilled(洒||,泼出)awholeglassoforangejuiceintothebasketofcleanclothes.Bradknewthetalkshowhadalready6.
Byteno’clock||,thingswereoutof7.Alexwaswonderingwhythefishinthejarrefusedhisbreadandbutter.Mikewastryingtoshowoffhis8bydecoratingthekitchenwallwithhiscolourpencils.Randy||,thankfully||,appearedtobereadingquietlyinthefamilyroom||,butcloserexamination9thathewaseatingapplejamstraightfromthebottlewithhishands.Bradrealizedthatthetalkshowwasoverandreadingwouldbeimpossible.
Atexactly11:
17||,Bradcalledthedaycarecentre(日托所).“Isuddenlyhavetogointoworkandmywife’saway.CanIbringtheboysoverinafewminutes?
”Theanswerwas10“yes”becauseBradwassmiling.
1.A.thekidsB.yourworkC.thehouseD.myself
2.A.clothesB.foodC.dadD.mum
3.A.thoughtB.decidedC.plannedD.realized
4.A.criedB.shoutedC.explainedD.argued
5.A.cleanB.dirtyC.newD.old
6.A.startedB.finishedC.goneD.appeared
7.A.sightB.planC.imaginationD.control
8.A.ideaB.differenceC.talentD.hobby
9.A.showedB.predictedC.expressedD.provided
10.A.nearlyB.probablyC.obviouslyD.finally
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
1.---Excuseme||,sir.______isitfromheretoNo.6MiddleSchool?
---It’sabout10minutes’walk.
A.HowsoonB.HowfarC.HowmuchD.Howoften
2.Theroadsinmyhometownare______thanbefore.
A.wideB.widerC.widestD.thewidest
3.Sorry||,sir.I______followyou.Wouldyoupleasespeakslower?
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t
4.ThenextOlympicGames______inBrazilin2019.
A.willholdB.willbeheldC.holdD.areheld
5.Thereis______withyourchild.Don’tworry.
A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing
(附:
单选1-5||,东城区2019—2019学年第一学期期末统一测试)
二、阅读理解
A
ReadingisveryimportanttohelpyoulearnEnglish.Tolearnasmuchasyoucanfromreading||,youneedtoreaddifferentkindsofEnglish.ThisbookprovidesnotonlydifferentkindsofEnglishbutalsoagoodwaytocheckyourreadingability.Therearefourpartsinthebook:
Part1isMessages:
Inthispartsomebodywantstowadinformationinwritingtosomebodyelse.Thereisatestontimetablesandatestontextmessages.
P
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