高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及答案.docx
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高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及答案.docx
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高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及答案
2021年高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及答案
一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练
1.阅读理解
SmartKidsFestivalEvents
SmartKidsisacollectionofonehundredeventsscheduledinOctober.Thisyear,itisexperimentingwithPayWhatYouDecide(PWYD).Thatis,youcandecidetopaywhatyouwanttoorcanafford,afteryouhaveattendedanevent.Youcanpre-bookeventswithoutpayingforaticketinadvance.Herearesomeofthedirector'spicks.
WalkontheWildSide
Notticketed,Free
JoinstorytellerSarahLawtohearsciencestoriesaboutanimals.Alongthewayyou'llmeetallsortsofbeautifulcreaturesanddiscoverlifecyclesandfoodchains.Bestsuitedtochildrenaged5-9.Childrenunder8mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.
IntroductiontoWaves
Pre-book,PWYD
Subjectsrangefromsoundwavestogravitywaves,andfromwavesoflighttocrashingwavesontheocean.MikeGoldsmithexploresthefundamentalfeaturessharedbyallwavesinthenaturalworld.
ScienceintheField
Notticketed,Free
Thisstorytellingnightfeaturesascientistsharinghisfavouritememoriesofgatheringfirst-handdataonvariousfieldtrips.Comealongforinspiringandinformativestoriesstraightfromthescientist'smouth.JoinMarkSamuelstofindoutmoreinthisfun-filledworkshop.
FestivalDinner
Pre-book,£25perperson
Whetheryouwanttoexploremoreaboutfood,orjustfancyatalkoverameal,joinustomarkthefirstsciencefestivalinLondon.Whichfoodsshouldyoueattotrickyourbrainintothinkingthatyouarefull?
FindoutmorefromTomCrawford.
(1)Inwhicheventcanyoudecidethepayment?
A. WalkontheWildSide
B. IntroductiontoWaves
C. ScienceintheField
D. FestivalDinner
(2)Whowilltalkaboutexperiencesofcollectingdirectdata?
A.SarahLaw.
B.MikeGoldsmith.
C.MarkSamuels.
D.TomCrawford.
(3)Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?
A.Family-based.
B.Science-themed.
C.Pickedbychildren.
D.Filledwithadventures.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了SmartKids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学会主题的活动,以及各个活动的内容和特色。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Thisyear,itisexperimentingwithPayWhatYouDecide(PWYD).Thatis,youcandecidetopaywhatyouwanttoorcanafford”可知PWYD中你可以决定付款,而四项活动中只有IntroductiontoWaves有PWYD,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据ScienceintheField部分中的“Thisstorytellingnightfeaturesascientistsharinghisfavouritememoriesofgatheringfirst-handdataonvariousfieldtrips.”可知MarkSamuels会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。
故选C。
(3)考查主旨大意。
根据第二段中的“JoinstorytellerSarahLawtohearsciencestoriesaboutanimals.”和讲故事的萨拉·劳一起来听关于动物的科学故事;第三段中的“Subjectsrangefromsoundwavestogravitywaves,andfromwavesoflighttocrashingwavesontheocean.”实验对象范围从声波到重力波,从光波到撞击海洋的波浪;第四段中的“Thisstorytellingnightfeaturesascientistsharinghisfavouritememoriesofgatheringfirst-handdataonvariousfieldtrips.”这位科学家会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆;以及最后一段中的“Whetheryouwanttoexploremoreaboutfood,orjustfancyatalkoverameal,joinustomarkthefirstsciencefestivalinLondon.”无论你是想探索更多关于食物的知识,还是只是想边吃边聊,加入我们来纪念伦敦首届科学节吧。
可知这四项活动的共同点都是以科学为主题的,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Sharkattacksnotonlydisturbbeachactivities,butcanaffectassociatedtouristindustries.Sharknetsareacommonsolutiontopreventingsharkattacksonbeaches,buttheycausedangerstoseaecosystems.
Seekingacost-effectivewaytomonitorbeachsafetyoverlargeareas,wehavedevelopedasystemcalledSharkSpotter.Itcombinesartificialintelligence(AI),computingpower,anddrone(无人机)technologytoidentifyandwarnlifesaverstosharksnearswimmers.TheprojectisacooperationbetweentheUniversityofTechnologySydneyandTheRipperGroup,whichispioneeringtheuseofdrones—called"WestpacLittleRipperLifesavers"—inthesearchandrescuemovementinAustralia.
SharkSpottercandetectsharksandotherpotentialthreatsusingreal-timeaerialimagery.Thesystemanalysesvideofromacameraattachedtoadronetomonitorbeachesforsharks,sendwarnings,andconductrescues.Developedwithtechniquesknownas"deeplearning",theSharkSpottersystemreceivesimageryfromthedronecameraandattemptstoidentifyallobjectsinthescene.Oncecertainobjectsaredetected,theyareputintooneof16categories:
shark,whale,dolphin,rays,differenttypesofboats,surfers,andswimmers.
Ifasharkisdetected,SharkSpotterprovidesbothavisualsignonthecomputerscreenandanaudiblewarningtotheoperator.TheoperatorconfirmsthewarningandsendstextmessagesfromtheSharkSpottersystemtotheSurfLifeSaversforfurtheraction.Inanemergency,thedroneisequippedwithalifesavingflotationpod(漂浮仓)togetherwithanelectronicsharkrepellent(驱逐装置)thatcanbedroppedintothewaterincaseswhereswimmersareinseveretrouble,trappedinarip,oriftherearesharkscloseby.
InJanuary2018,theWestpacLittleRipperLifesaverswasusedtorescuetwoyoungswimmerscaughtinaripatLennoxHead,NSW.Thedroneflewdownthebeachsome800metersfromthelifeguardstation,andalifesavingflotationpodwasdroppedfromthedrone.Thecompleterescueoperationtook70seconds.
WebelieveSharkSpotterisawin-winforbothmarinelifeandbeachgoers.ThisuniquetechnologycombinesdynamicvideoimageprocessingAIandadvanceddronetechnologytocreativelydealwiththeglobalchallengeofensuringsafebeaches,protectingenvironments,andpromotingtourism.
(1)ASharkSpotteris________.
A. asolutiontomonitorsharks
B. anequipmenttoidentifylifesavers
C. atechnologytopreventsharkattacks
D. aprojecttopioneertheuseofdrones
(2)Whenasharkisspottednearaswimmer,thesystemwill________.
A. taketimelyaction
B. analyzethevisualdata
C. classifytheidentifiedobjects
D. turnon"deeplearning"mode
(3)Theexampleinthe5thparagraphshowsusthatthesystemis________.
A. efficientinsavinglives
B. effectiveindetectingsharks
C. smartindrivingsharksaway
D. practicaloverthewholeseaarea
(4)Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofSharkSpotter?
A.Doubtful.
B.Optimistic.
C.Negative.
D.Objective.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术SharkSpotter的工作原理以及重要意义。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的”Ifasharkisdetected,SharkSpotterprovidesbothavisualsignonthecomputerscreenandanaudiblewarningtotheoperator.TheoperatorconfirmsthewarningandsendstextmessagesfromtheSharkSpottersystemtotheSurfLifeSaversforfurtheraction.“如果鲨鱼被发现,SharkSpotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号,并向操作员发出听觉警告。
操作员确认了警告,并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短信,以便采取进一步行动。
可推断出SharkSpotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术,故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的”Inanemergency,thedroneisequippedwithalifesavingflotationpod(漂浮仓)togetherwithanelectronicsharkrepellent(驱逐装置)thatcanbedroppedintothewaterincaseswhereswimmersareinseveretrouble,trappedinarip,oriftherearesharkscloseby.“在紧急情况下,无人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器,当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时,可以将防鲨器放入水中。
可知当在游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时,系统会及时采取行动,故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第五段”InJanuary2018,theWestpacLittleRipperLifesaverswasusedtorescuetwoyoungswimmerscaughtinaripatLennoxHead,NSW.Thedroneflewdownthebeachsome800metersfromthelifeguardstation,andalifesavingflotationpodwasdroppedfromthedrone.Thecompleterescueoperationtook70seconds.“2018年1月,西太平洋小开创者救生员队(WestpacLittleRipperLifesavers)被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德(LennoxHead)被困的年轻游泳者。
这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来,一个救生浮筒从无人机上掉了下来。
整个营救行动耗时70秒。
可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的,故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的”WebelieveSharkSpotterisawin-winforbothmarinelifeandbeachgoers.“我们相信SharkSpotter对海洋生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢的。
可知作者对SharkSpotter的未来持乐观的态度。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
YellowstoneNationalParkistheflagshipoftheNationalParkServiceandafavoritetomillionsofvisitorseachyear.Theparkisamajordestinationforallmembersofthefamily.Bydrivingthegrandlooproad,visitorscanviewtheparkfromthecomfortoftheirvehicleandalsotakearestatoneofthemanyroadsidepicnicareas.
Howmuchistheentrancefee?
$25-Private,noncommercialvehicle;
$20-Motorcycleorsnowmobile(winter);
$12-Visitors16andolderenteringbyfoot,bike,ski,etc.
Thisfeeprovidesthevisitorwitha7-dayentrancepermitforbothYellowstoneandGrandTetonNationalParks.
A$50parkannualpassprovidesentranceforasingleprivatenon-commercialvehicleatYellowstoneandGrandTetonNationalParks.The$10InteragencySeniorPass(62andolder)isalifetimepassavailabletoU.S.citizensorpermanentresidents.
Wherecanyoustay?
InsideYellowstone,youcanchoosetostayinmodernorhistorichotelsandcabinsinsidetheparkliketheOldFaithfulInn,theworld'slargestlogstructure.Forthosewhowanttobealittleclosertonature,thereare12campgroundswitharangeofservicesfromprimitivepittoiletstoshowerandlaundryfacilities.There'salsoRVcampingwithandwithoutdumpingstations.
StayingoutsidetheparkgivesyouuniqueOldWestexperiencesbutstillkeepsyouclosetoparkattractions.
Ifyou'retakingaroadtriptoYellowstone,you'llwanttocheckoutourHotelsandCabinsOnTheRoadsection.
(1)Theentrancefeeslistedonthewebpagedon'tapplyto_______.
A. temporaryresidentsintheUSA
B. vehiclesinvolvingbusinessactivities
C. visitorsoutofacertainagerange
D. privatemo
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