Salome The Symbol of Oscar Wildes Aestheticism.docx
- 文档编号:16673410
- 上传时间:2023-07-16
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:19
- 大小:32.80KB
Salome The Symbol of Oscar Wildes Aestheticism.docx
《Salome The Symbol of Oscar Wildes Aestheticism.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Salome The Symbol of Oscar Wildes Aestheticism.docx(19页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
SalomeTheSymbolofOscarWildesAestheticism
Acknowledgements
Igratefulacknowledgeallthosepeoplewhohaveassistedmeintheprocessofcompletingmygraduationthesis.Withouttheirhelp,thisthesiswouldhavebeenimpossible.
Firstandforemost,Iwouldliketoexpressmygreatappreciationtomysupervisor,ProfessorMEIDeming,forhegavemeadviceinstructiveandconstructiveinadditiontovaluableencouragement.
Finally,thankstomyparentsandfriends,whoinonewayoranotherhavegivenmehelpandencouragementduringmyworkonthisthesis.
摘要
奥斯卡.王尔德是最知名的爱尔兰作家,也是唯美主义运动坚定的支持者。
作为当时知名的美学家,王尔德将美学理想渗透到他的作品中。
他最为人所熟知的作品有:
唯一的一部小说《道连.格雷的画像》(1891)、四大喜剧作品《温德米尔夫人的扇子》、《无足轻重的女人》(1893)、《理想的丈夫》(1893)和《不可儿戏》(1895)。
与上述喜剧作品相反,《莎乐美》(1893)是一部严肃的戏剧,讲述了一个对于爱疯狂迷恋的故事。
此剧情节源于圣经,莎乐美是希律王的继女,她表演了美轮美奂的七重纱之舞。
而作为回报,她要求希律王斩下施洗者约翰的头颅。
而本论文会就此作品探讨两个主题:
分析王尔德的美学主义观念“为艺术而艺术”,以及在此分析的基础上探讨《莎乐美》这部作品的美学意义。
综合两点分析后得出的结论是:
《莎乐美》这部作品可以说是美学主义的杰作,而主要人物莎乐美则是王尔德美学理想最好的诠释。
关键词:
奥斯卡.王尔德,莎乐美,唯美主义,象征主义手法
Abstract
OscarWildeisthemostcelebratedIrishwriter,whoisfamousforbeingastaunchsupporteroftheaestheticmovement.
Asoneofthemostvocalaesthetesofhistime,Wildeputhisidealsintopracticebyinfusinghisaesthetictheoryintohisownworks.Amonghismostwell-knownworksarehisonlynovel,ThePictureofDorianGray(1891),andhisfourcomediesLadyWindermere'sFan(1892),AWomanofNoImportance(1893),AnIdealHusband(1893),TheImportanceofBeingEarnest(1895).
Incontrary,Wilde'sone-actplaySalome(1893)isaseriousdramaaboutobsessivepassion.Salome,tellsinoneacttheBiblicalstoryofSalome,stepdaughterofthetetrarchHerod,who,toherstepfather'sdismaybuttothedelightofhermotherHerodias,requeststheheadofIokanaan(JohntheBaptist)onasilverplatterasarewardforthedanceofthesevenveils.
(1)
Andthisthesiswilldiscusstwosubjects:
ananalysisofWilde’saestheticview“ArtforArt’sSake”,andananalysisofhiscreationofSalomeinthelightoffindingofprevioussubject.Iwillcombinethefindingsfrombothsubjectstoanswerthecentralquestion:
iftheplaySalomeadherestoWilde’saestheticideal.
Keywords:
OscarWilde,Salome,aestheticism,symbolism
ChapterOne
Introduction
The19thcenturyseesavarietyofliterarymovementsintheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritain.Asoneofthoseliterarymovements,aestheticism,theanti-utilitarianismmovement,risessuddenlyattheendofthe19thcenturyandwithersawaysoon.
OscarWilde(1854-1900),iswell-knowninhistimeasthemilestoneofaestheticism.Heattractedtheattentionofthereadersoveracenturyafterhisdeath,forhisgreattalentandwitty.TodayweenjoyWilde'sworksfortheirenduringhumor,butwealsoadmirehiscommitmenttohisownidealsoftruthandbeauty.
AestheticismcanbeseeninmanyofWilde’sstoriesandplays,e.g.hisonlynovelThePictureofDorianGrayandtheone-actplaySalome.
SalomeisavitalandspecialworkofWilde,storingthelifeenergyofhisaestheticismandbeingarepresentativeworkofsuchaestheticism.
Wilde'sinterestinSalomé’s’imagehadbeenstimulatedbyJoris-KarlHuysmans’descriptionsofGustaveMoreau'spaintingsinÀrebours.
ItwasherethatshewasindeedWoman,forhereshegavereintoherardentandcrueltemperament.Shewasliving,morerefinedandsavage,moreexecrableandexquisite.Shemoreenergeticallyawakenedthedulledsensesofman,moresurelybewitchedandsubduedhispowerofwill…
(2)
HewroteoriginalversionSaloméentirelyinFrench,and,becauseofalawforbiddingthetheatricaldepictionofbiblicalfigures,theplayneversawproductionineitherEnglishorEnglandduringWilde'slifetime.AnEnglishtranslationoftheplaybyLordAlfredDouglasappearedinFebruary1894,withillustrationsbyAubreyBeardsley.
TheplayunfoldsontheterraceofHerod'spalaceabovethebanquethall.SalomewasthestepdaughterofHerodAntipas,anddancedbeforeHerodandhermotherHerodiasattheoccasionofHerod'sbirthday,andbydoingsocausedthedeathofJohntheBaptist.TheNewTestamentsuggeststhatSalomecausedJohntobeexecutedbecauseofhiscomplaintsthatHerod'smarriagetoHerodiaswasadulterous;andthatHerodiasputheruptothedemandthatJohnbeexecuted,somethingthekingwasinitiallyreluctanttodo.
Inlatenineteenth-century,amongthesymbolistsinParis,thelegendoftheOrientalprincesswhodancesfortheheadofJohntheBaptisthadexperiencedamassiverevivalinboththevisualandliteraryarts.Wilde'splay,SalometakesaperversefancyforJohntheBaptist,andcauseshimtobeexecutedwhenJohnspurnsheraffections.Inthefinale,SalometakesupJohn'sseveredheadandkissesit.Herodturnsand,uponseeingSalomé,ordersthesoldierstokillher.Theyrushforwardandcrushherbeneaththeirshields.ThismodificationmakesSalometobetheleadingroleinthisstory,and“thekissingofhead”istheplay'sclimax。
Theplaywaseventuallypremieredon11February1896,whileWildewasinprison,inParis;aperformanceoftheplaywasarrangedbytheNewStageClubattheBijouTheatreinArcherStreet,London,on10and13May1905.Hisworksforthetheatrehavebeengivenaseriesofsuccess.TheplaywasmadeintoanoperabytheGermancomposerRichardStrauss.
Wilde’sSalomeisregardedasthemostrepresentativeworkwhichsymbolizesAestheticism.Basedonthismasterpiece,thefollowingpartseekstogiveanin-depthresearchintoWilde’saestheticism.
1.There-creationofthestory:
Theplaycamethroughtherichofimaginebasedonthebiblicalstory,whichfeaturedSalomewitheternalvitality.
2.Symbolism:
Wildeemploysalotofaestheticdeviceinthisplay.Hewroteitinaverymetaphoricalandsuggestivemanner,endowingcharactersorobjectswithsymbolicmeaning.
3.Beautyofthought:
SalomeisalsoamasterworkofWilde’sself-expression.ThemostbrilliantfigureisSalome,theJewishprincess,pursuingthepurenessofloveanddesire.ThecombinationoftheexpressivestyleanditsclashwithVictorianethicsmakesitaprimepiecetobeanalyzedinlightofWilde’stheories.
Wilde’sversionofstoryarehighlyacclaimedandhassincespawnedseveralotherartisticworks,e.g.film,musicalandballet.Andevenaftermorethan100years,itisstillbeingpopularthroughouttheworldtodayandcontinuestoinspiremillionsofpeople.
ChapterTwo
AestheticismandthemostrepresentativewriterOscarWilde
2.1Aestheticismandthemajorrepresentativewriters
Aestheticism(ortheAestheticMovement)isanartmovementsupportingtheemphasisofaestheticvaluesmorethansocio-politicalthemesforliterature,fineart,musicandotherarts.(3)Aestheticismcanbedefinedbroadlyastheelevationoftasteandthepursuitofbeautyaschiefprinciplesinartandinlife.
Themovementdrewupontheformulaof“l’artpourl’art”—artforart’ssake.(4)Inaestheticismthesubjectiveviewofbeautybecomestheprimarymeansofjudgingvalue:
whenconsideringwhetherapoemorapaintingisgood,aestheticismmerelyasksifitisbeautifulormeaningfulasaworkofartinitself.Thisformsastarkcontrasttothelong-standingcustomofjudgingartandliteratureeitheronthebasisofthemorallessonsitmightteachtoreadersorviewers(itssocialusefulness)orintermsofitscorrespondencetoreallife(itsrealism).
Inthemiddleof19thCenturyinEngland,increasingindustrializationandcommercializationproducedaculturalatmospherethatdemandsforartamoralemphasis.However,towardsthelatterhalfofVictorianAge,thereappearedmovementstowardsaestheticism,inthereactiontotheIndustrialRevolution,againsttheemphasisonmoralteachinginartandliterature.
Andinthemiddleofthe19thcentury,“aesthetic”isunderstoodas“thebeautiful”,whichisgenerallyrelatedtoart.Theaesthetesbelievedthatartdidnothaveanydidacticpurpose;itneededonlybebeautiful.ThereweretwodistincthistoricalphasesofthedevelopmentofAestheticism:
thefirstofwhichincludesPre-Raphaelitismandtheaestheticmovement,c.1850–1880,andthesecondofwhichincludesaestheticismanddecadence,c.1870–1910.
OneoftheleadingmembersofagroupofartistsandpoetsknownasthePre-Raphaelites,DanteGabrielRossettiwasanexampleoftheartistdedicatedwhollytohisart.TheessenceofthePre-Raphaelitemovementwasoppositiontotechnicalskillwithoutinspiration.Thepoetsinthismovement,includingDateGabrielRossetti,ChristianRossettiandWilliamMorris,soughttheirinspirationinmedievalismandinGreekmythandlegend.ButthePre-Raphaelitemovementwasnotthemerelyanaestheticmovement.Agreatinfluenceuponitwastheworkofartcritic,JohnRuskin,whohadastrongsocialconsciousnessaboutthedutyofarttosociety,andespeciallyofthedutyofredeemingthesqualidlifeoftheurbanworkingclass.Foracertainperiodoftime,thepoetSwinburnewasalsowiththePre-Raphaelites.
ItisinWalterPater,awriterofgreatprose,thattheaestheticmovementfounditschiefinspiration.HewasthefirstEnglishwritertogiveformalexpressiontotheideasunderlyingthemovementknownasAestheticism.TheessenceofthemovementwasthebeliefthatArtisanexerciseintechniqueaimingatnomorethantherecordingofexperienceofbeauty,withoutanymoralordidacticaim.TherehavebeencriticsaswellasdefendersofthedoctrineofAestheticism.Putinitshistoricalcontext,itwasnotmerelyinspirationtotheyoungerartistsofPater’stime,butalsoavaluablecounterbalancetothemoralfervoranddidacticismoftheVictorianAge.HistextStudiesintheHistoryoftheRenaissance(1873)wasverywellregardedbyart-orientedyoungmen
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Salome The Symbol of Oscar Wildes Aestheticism
链接地址:https://www.bingdoc.com/p-16673410.html