地源热泵.docx
- 文档编号:16668402
- 上传时间:2023-07-16
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:27
- 大小:131.43KB
地源热泵.docx
《地源热泵.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《地源热泵.docx(27页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
地源热泵
http:
//ascelibrary.org/eyo/resource/1/jleed9/v133/i1/p32_s1?
view=fulltextAbstract
J.EnergyEng.133,32(2007);doi:
10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2007)133:
1(32)(7pages)
GeothermalHeatPumps
GaryPhetteplace,Ph.D.,P.E.
MechanicalEngineer,U.S.ArmyEngineerResearchandDevelopmentCenter(ERDC),ColdRegionResearchandEngineeringLaboratory(CRREL),72LymeRd.,Hanover,NH03755.E-mail:
gephet@crrel.usace.army.mil
ViewMap
Geothermalheatpumpscanbeconsideredasustainabletechnology,astheyreclaimandrecyclethermalenergyfromtheearth.Inclimateswithanearbalanceintheannualheatingandcoolingloads,theyfunctionessentiallyasaseasonalenergystoragescheme.Thispaperpresentsanoverviewofthetechnology.Thevarioustypesofgeothermalheatpumpsareexplainedalongwiththeirrelativemerits.Detaileddiscussionisincludedonthemostcommonmethodofgroundcouplingforcommercialscaleapplications,theverticalboreholeheatexchanger.Issueswithsizingtheheatexchangerandgroutingitarediscussed,aswellasthemotivationforinsituthermalpropertiestesting.In-buildingequipment,includingtheheatpumpsthemselves,isbrieflydescribed.Experiencewithgeothermalheatpumpstodateispresentedforbothresidentialandcommercialscaleapplications.Regionalmarketpenetrationandcompetitivenessarealsodiscussedforbothresidentialandcommercialscaleapplications.Thepaperconcludesthattheoveralloutlookforexpandedapplicationofgeothermalheatpumpsisveryfavorable.
©2007ASCE
PUBLICATIONDATA
ISSN:
0733-9402(print)
1943-7897(online)
Publisher:
ASCE
Permalink
http:
//link.aip.org/link/doi/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2007)133:
1(32)
Outline
I.Introduction
II.PrincipalTypesofGround-SourceHeatPumps
III.IssuesintheDesignandInstallationofVerticalGround-CouplingHeatExchangers
IV.Equipment
V.GSPHApplicationResults
VI.Conclusions
VII.References
Figures
Fig1.
Ft.Polk,La.,soiltemperatures
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.1inarticle.
Fig2.
Verticalground-coupledheatpump
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.2inarticle.
Fig3.
Horizontalground-coupledheatpump
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.3inarticle.
Fig4.
Horizontalslinkyground-coupledheatpump
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.4inarticle.
Fig5.
Ground-waterheatpumpwithreinjection
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.5inarticle.
Fig6.
Ground-waterheatpumpwithsurfacedisposal
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.6inarticle.
Fig7.
Directsurfacewaterheatpumpsystem
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.7inarticle.
Fig8.
Indirectsurfacewaterheatpumpsystem
ViewfirstoccurrenceofFig.8inarticle.
窗体顶端
窗体底端
窗体顶端
窗体底端
窗体顶端
窗体底端
窗体顶端
窗体底端
窗体顶端
窗体底端
DownloadPDF|
Highlightanywordorphraseinthebodyofthisarticletoseeadditionaloptionsto:
∙Viewallarticlescontainingthewordorphraseinthejournalyou'rebrowsing
∙ViewtheTop5articlesrelatedtothewordorphraseyou'vehighlighted
∙Note:
Forperformanceconcerns,thisfunctionwillonlyworkforlessthan100charactershighlighted.
NEW:
PrintView
DownloadCitation
Permissions
ErratumAlert
ResearchToolkit
BlogThisArticle
AddtoMyScitation
Tools
EmailAbstract
Connotea
CiteULike
del.icio.us
BibSonomy
TweetthisArticle
AddtoFacebook
Share
JournalofEnergyEngineering/Volume133/Issue1/TECHNICALPAPERS/BacktoAbstract
UnglazedFiberglassReinforcedPolyesterSolarWaterHeaterwithIntegratedStorageSystem
Theoreticalandexperimentalinvestigationsonanunglazedsolarhotwaterheaterwithintegratedstoragesystemwereconducted.Thesystemwascomprisedofacollectorandstoragetankwhichwasintegratedintooneunit.Allpartsofthesystemhavebeenfabricatedfromfiberglassreinforcedpolyester(GFRP).Theabsorberplatehaswatertubesofsemiellipticalshape.Thewidthandlengthoftheabsorberplatewere1.4and1.8 m,respectively.TheabsorberplatewasfabricatedfromGFPRusing...
PreviousArticle|
HydrothermalModelingStudiesofCoolingTowerAlternatives
TheEnvironmentalEffectsCommitteeoftheASCEEnergyEngineeringDivisionhasbeendevelopingareporton“EnergyProductionandReservoirWaterQuality”forpublication.Thereportcoverstheregulatoryframeworkthatdictatesmuchoftheproceduresforstudiesrelatedtothistopic,thefundamentalreservoirhydrodynamicsandwaterqualitymodelingusedinpreparingstudies,thekindsofstudiesthatcanbepreparedatdifferentlevelsofanalysis,andaseriesofapplicationsthatillustra...
NextArticle
GeothermalHeatPumps
GaryPhetteplace,Ph.D.,P.E.
MechanicalEngineer,U.S.ArmyEngineerResearchandDevelopmentCenter(ERDC),ColdRegionResearchandEngineeringLaboratory(CRREL),72LymeRd.,Hanover,NH03755.E-mail:
gephet@crrel.usace.army.mil
(Accepted7September2005)
Introductiontop
Heatnormallyflowsfromawarmermediumtoacolderone.Thisbasicphysicallawcannotbereversedwithouttheadditionofenergy.Aheatpumpisadevicethatdoessobyessentially“pumping”heatupthetemperaturescaletransferringitfromacoldmaterialtoawarmeronebyaddingenergy,usuallyintheformofelectricity.Aheatpumpfunctionsbyusingarefrigerantcyclesimilartothehouseholdrefrigerator.Intheheatingmodeaheatpumpremovestheheatfromalowtemperaturesource,suchasthegroundorair,andsuppliesthatheattoahighertemperaturesink,suchastheheatedinteriorofabuilding.Inthecoolingmodetheprocessisreversedandtheheatisextractedfromthecoolerinsideairandrejectedtothewarmeroutdoorairorotherheatsink.Forspaceconditioningofbuildings,heatpumpsthatremoveheatfromoutdoorairintheheatingmodeandrejectittooutdoorairinthecoolingmodearecommon.Alternately,heatpumpsystemsmayexchangeheatwiththegroundusingitasaheatsourceorsink;suchsystemsareoftencalledgeothermalheatpumps.Severalmethodsof“coupling”theheatpumpwiththegroundareinuse,eachwillbedescribedindetail.
Geothermalheatpumpscanbeconsideredasustainabletechnology,astheyreclaimandrecyclethermalenergyfromtheearth.Inclimateswithanearbalanceintheannualheatingandcoolingloads,theyfunctionessentiallyasaseasonalenergystoragescheme.Wherethereissignificantannualimbalanceintheheatrejectedtoandextractedfromtheearth,moresignificanttemperaturegradientsareestablishedandtheearthisusedasaheatsinkorsourcetoamuchlargerdegree.Butineithercaseitisimportanttodistinguishageothermalheatpumpfromothergeothermalenergysystemsthatrelyentirelyonthegeothermalheatsourceintherockandfluidsoftheearth’scrust.Geothermalheatpumpsaremoreproperlycalledground-sourceheatpumps,orGSHP(ASHRAE2003b6),andwewillusethetwotermsinterchangeablyhere.Otherterminologythatwillbefoundforsystemsthatembodythesamebasictechnologyincludeearthsourceheatpumps,geo-sourceheatpumps,andgeo-exchangesystems.ThereareseveraldifferentbasictypesofGSHPsystemsasdistinguishedbythemeanswithwhichtheyexchangeheatwiththeground.Eachofthesetypeswillbedescribedinmoredetaillater.
Ageothermalheatpumpsystemisseparatedfromatruegeothermalenergysystemintheuseoftheheatpump.Withouttheinterventionofaheatpump,itisimpossibleorimpracticalinmostinstancestousetheearthatthedepthstypicallyusedinGSHPsystemsforaheatsourceorsink.Thislimitationarisesbecausetheearthtemperatureisnormallytooclosetothetemperatureatwhichspaceheatingorcoolingneedstobesuppliedtomakeasignificantamountofheatexchangepractical.Anexceptiontothislimitationoccursinmorenorthernclimates,wheregroundwaterorwaterfromdeeplakesmaybeavailableattemperaturebelow10°C(50°F)andcanbeuseddirectlyforair-conditioning.Suchsystems,basedonwellwater,havebeenusedforanumberofspacecoolingapplications,includingthewriter’sofficebuilding.Onamuchlargerscale,adistrictcoolingapplicationusingdeeplakewaterisunderconstructioninToronto(Eliadis20028).However,inmostinstancesaheatpumpisneededtocapitalizeon“geothermalenergy”availablewithinhundredsoffeetofthesurface.Aheatpumpisadevicethatreversesthenormalflowofheatfromawarmermediumtoacolderonebyessentially“pumping”heatupthetemperaturescale,transferringitfromacoldmaterialtoawarmerone.Inaccomplishingthistask,theheatpumpconsumesenergy,usuallyintheformofelectricity.Aheatpumpfunctionsbyusingarefrigerantcyclesimilartothehouseholdrefrigerator.Intheheatingmode,aheatpumpremovestheheatfromalowtemperaturesource,suchasthegroundorair,andsuppliesthatheattoahighertemperaturesink,suchastheheatedinteriorofabuilding.Inthecoolingmodetheprocessisreversedandtheheatisextractedfromthecoolerinsideairandrejectedtothewarmeroutdoorairorotherheatsink.Forspaceconditioningofbuildings,heatpumpsthatremoveheatfromoutdoorairintheheatingmodeandrejectittooutdoorairinthecoolingmodearecommon.Thesearenormallycalledair-sourceorair-to-airheat.Air-sourceheatpumpshavethedisadvantagethatthegreatestrequirementforbuildingheatingorcoolingisnecessarilycoincidentwiththetimeswhentheoutdoorairisleasteffectiveasaheatsourceorsink.Forthisreason,incoldclimatesair-sourceheatpumpsareessentiallyunfeasible.
Theefficiencyofanyheatpumpisinverselyproportionaltothetemperaturedifferencebetween
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 源热泵