论文分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观.docx
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论文分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观.docx
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论文分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观
中南大学
高等教育自学考试本科生毕业论文
论文题目:
Viewsonloveandmarriagein“PrideandPrejudice”
分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观
学生:
罗
考籍号:
8
年级专业:
2007级英语
指导老师与职称:
汤春华
学院:
中南大学科培中心
·
提交日期:
2010年4月
Contents
Abstract
"PrideandPrejudice"isAusten'smasterpiecewhichdescribedfourdifferentmarriagesandlove.Untiltoday,thisnovelisstillverypopularamongmanyreadersandarousespeople'sobservationandunlimitedthinkingofmarriage.Thispaperaimstoprobeintotheviewsonloveandmarriagein“PrideandPrejudice”.Thatis:
loveandmarriageareassociatedwith,butnottotallylieonthepropertyandsocialstatus.Themarriagewhichisbasedonthelove,mutualunderstandingandmutualrespectisatruehappymarriage.Austennotonlyopposesmarriageformoney,butalsoisagainstthehastymarriage.Sheattachesgreatimportancetoidealmarriageandregardsthefeelingsbetweenmenandwomenasthecornerstoneoftheidealmarriage.
Keywords
“PrideandPrejudice”;viewpointoflove;viewpointofmarriage;
摘要
《傲慢与偏见》是奥斯汀的代表作,小说以讽刺为基调描写了四种不同形态的婚姻观和爱情观,时至今日,这部小说仍然吸引着众多读者,引发了人们对婚姻的观察和无限思考。
本文就是通过对这四段婚姻的详细的分析,来探讨《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观。
笔者认为:
爱情婚姻与财产和社会地位相互关联,但绝不能仅取于它,以爱情、相互理解与相互尊重为基础的婚姻才是幸福的婚姻。
奥斯汀既反对为金钱而结婚,也反对草率结婚。
她强调理想婚姻的重要性,并把男女双方感情作为缔结理想婚姻的基石。
关键词
《傲慢与偏见》;爱情观;婚姻观;
Introduction
JaneAustenhumorouslydescribedthemarriageinthe"PrideandPrejudice"andaseriesofmarriage-relatedactivitiesinarelaxedmanner.Thenovelconsistedofhowmanpickingtheirwives,howtheyoungwomenchoosingtheirfuturehusbandsandhowtheirmothersselectingtheirson-in-lowinmanywonderfulscenes.Bystudyingthemaritalrelationship,theauthorsstrivetoportrayseveraldifferentmarriageandloverelations.Althoughtheyhadgotmarried,thehappinessofmarriageisdiffers.ThiswasbecauseAusten'snovelsthemarriagewasinvolvingnotonlythefeelings,butalsosocialstatusandmoney."Thebachelorwhoownpropertymustmarryawife,ithasbecomeauniversallyrecognizedtruth."[6],Butthatreallyisatruth?
Inthispaper,thenovel'sfourmarriagesvividlyreflectedtheBritishtownlifeandtheworldstateofhumanof18centurytotheearly19thcenturyinaconservativeandisolatedstate.
1.JaneAustenandtheBackgroundofPrideandPrejudice
1.1.JaneAusten
JaneAusten(1775–1817,)wasoneofthemostoutstandingwriterwhodescribedthemiddle-classinthesouthofEnglandwithrealism.Fromauniquefemaleperspective,sheleftsiximmortalworks.Herworkswerefullofrichcomedyconflictsinhumorousandsatiricalstyle,sotheywereregardedas"theartofsimplicity".InJaneAusten'sworks,thecontentwasnotverywideandallwererelatedtothelifeofafewmiddle-classfamilies.Thethemewasaboutloveandmarriagebetweenmenandwomen.Inthe"Simple"worksofJaneAusten,theyshowedus,trulyandaccurately,thesociallifeandinterrelationshipanddescribedthesocialstate,marriageaswellaspoliticalandeconomicrelationsbetweenmiddle-classwomenatthattime.
Andsheexpressedherviewsonmarriage,directlyorindirectly,byanalyzingthesephenomena.Shebelievedthatmarriagejustformoneywaswrong,butmarriageofnomoneywasstupid.Shealsofranklydisclosedtheinseparablerelationshipbetweenmarriages,propertyandfamilystatus.Inhernovel,aslongasawomanwhowasintelligent,decent,educated,andpatientcouldovercomesocialbarriers,shewouldreceivetheidealhappymarriage.
Austenwasborninamiddle-classfamilyofasmallvillageinEngland,sothepeopleandthingsinherworkswereallconnectedwiththisenvironmentwhichwasveryfamiliartoher.Itisdifficultforreaderstofindthesufferingsofthoseworkingpeoplewholivedatthebottomofthesocietyatthattime.Atthesametime,theimportantevents,suchastheFrenchRevolutionandIndustrialRevolution,werelittle.Hernarrativewasalwaysinseparablefromtheparty,walk,talk,dance......Althoughthiswrittenstylereceivedsomepeople'scriticism,shestillsticktoit.Sheoncesaidthatshewas“sculptontwoinchesofivory”.Austenwasnevermarried,butthemarriageistheeternalthemeofherwritings.Inherworks,themarriagestatusofmiddle-classpeoplewasalive.
1.2.TheBackgroundofPrideandPrejudice
Inthisgreatbook,theauthoramplydemonstratedherviewonloveandmarriage.Inordertoanalyzethesepointsofview,weshouldfirstlystartfromthebackgroundofhergreatworks.“Atthattime,accordingtothesocialconditionsinBritain,agoodmarriageforayoungwomanwascritical.ThisphenomenonwascloselyassociatedwiththeBritishsocietyandthestatusofwomeninthesociety.Inthe19thcentury,womenwerenotwellrespectedcomparedwiththeonesinthepresentsociety.Therewasnoequalitybetweenwomanandman.Womenwereconsideredtobeinferiortomenintermsofintelligenceandcapacity.Thecentrallifeofwomenwasforcedtobestayingathome.Theirrolesweretodealwiththefamilyaffairs,suchastakingcareofthechildrenandservingforthehusband.”(ZhuHong,P34,1995)
Peopleatthattimethoughtthatwomenshouldbesubmissivetotheirhusbands.Thevirtuesofwomenwerepatienceanddeference.Theymustrecognizetheirinherentinferioritytomen,sotheymustrestricttheirabilitieswithoutquestion.Althoughthestatusofwomenwaslow,fewofthemexpresseddissatisfactionabouttheirowndestiny.Atthattime,manymiddle-classyoungwomenhadthreewaysout:
gettingmarried,stayingathomeasoldmaidsorworkingasthefamilyfemaleteachers.Theincomeofafamilyfemaleteacherwasverylow,andthestatuswaslowaswell.Itwasverydifficultforthemtochangeorswapoutofthisstatus,noonewouldliketobeamaidforever,therefore,foryoungwomen,especiallythosewhodidnothaveenoughproperties,gettingmarriedwastheonlygoodwayforthemtogainrespect,stabilityandsocialstatus.
AustenfullycriticizedsomebadphenomenaatthattimeinherworkPrideandPrejudiceandtooksomeperfectpointsaboutmarriageandlovedtodemonstrateherownviewonloveandmarriage.
2.TheFourMarriagesandtheIdeasonLoveandMarriageshowninPrideandPrejudice
Thestoryshowedtheordinarylife,feelingsoftheordinarypeople.Theywereorganizedinaharmoniousorderundertheauthor'sskillfularrangement.Theworkmainlydescribedfourmarriages.Twoofthemweremainandassistedbytheothertwoassistantmarriages.“DarcyandElizabeth’sloveandmarriagewasthemainthemeofthiswork.Afterundergoingmanysetbacks,Darcy’sarroganceandElizabeth’sprejudiceeventuallyeliminates,theloversfinallygotmarried.ThemarriageofElizabeth’ssisterJaneandDarcy’sfriendBingleywasanotherclue.Theydeeplylovedeachother,buttheyweremulti—blocked,aftertheirdeparture,JanemissedBingleyverymuch.Thetwomarriagesreflectedtheotherpointofviewinpositivewaythatmarriageshouldbebasedontruelove,whichwastheidealmarryintheauthor’sopinion.Thestoriesseemtobetheordinarylives,feelingsandpersonslinkedupinaharmoniousorderundertheothersmeticulousconcepts.However,themarriagebetweenCharlotteandCollinswasanegativeexamplewiththemarriagebetweenLydiaandWickham,whichhelpedtomaketheplotsmoretortuousandricher.”(ZhuHong,P12,1985)
2.1.FourMarriagesinPrideandPrejudice
2.1.1.CollinsandCharlotte’sMarriage
ThearticlementionedlittleofCharlotte,however,herimagewasveryfull.Charlottewaswomanwhoiswell-educated,intelligentandadmiredmuchbyElizabeth.Butshewasinfinancialdifficulties.Ifshedidnotgetmarried,shecouldonlyliveinherbrother'shometobeaspinster.WhenKosslynhadbeenrejectedbyElizabethandturnedtoproposetoCharlotte•Lucas,SheagreedwithouttheleasthesitationandstillsticktomarryhimthoughsheknewthatCollinswasamanwhowasneitherwisenorpleasant,andveryboringandthatMr.Collinsdidnotloveherandhisso-calledloveforherwasimaginarybecauseforher"themarriagemaynotmakethewomentobetoohappy,butitisalwaysthebestsafeforthewomen,anditcanensurethemnottobeaffectedbycoldandhunger."In"PrideandPrejudice"Austendescribedmostlyhappymarriage,whichoftenarousedthereader'scontroversy,becausetheythoughtthatitistoounrealistictobetrue.CollinsandCharlotte’smarriagemadeabrutalfootnoteforElizabeth’sromanticandhappylove.IndeedwecanlearnthatAustenwasonacriticalopinionofthesocietyatthattimefromthefateofCharlotte:
Inthemale-dominatedsociety,unmarriedwomenhadnofuture.Elizabethwasanidealist,shewouldnotmarryafoolformoney(Kosslyn)andalsonottomarryamanshedidnotlove(suchastheDarcyatthebeginningofthestory);howeverCharlottewhowassixyearsolderthanElizabethandhadlittlepropertywasapragmatist.Inordertoavoidbecomingaspinster,whowouldsuffergossipinthesociety,shemustmakefulluseofanypossibleopportunitytogetmarried.AsAustensaid,thereasonthatCharlottewaswillingtomarryhimwascompletelyforthepurposeofproperty.ShealsoconfessedtoElizabeth:
"YouknowIamnotaromantic.MoreoverIhadneverbeenthiskindofperson.Ionlyaskforacomfortablehome.AswithMr.Collins'scharacter,familyrelationsandsocialstatus,Iamconvincedthatmychanceofhappinessisasfairasmostpeoplecanboastonenteringthemmarriagestate"(......Iamnotromanticyouknow.Ineverwas.Iaskonlyacomfortablehome;andconsideringMr.Collins’scharacter,connections,andsituationinlife,Iamconvincedthatmychanceofhappinessisasfairasmostpeoplecanboastonenteringthemmarr
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