初中英语语法专题专讲非谓语动词讲解及练习2.docx
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初中英语语法专题专讲非谓语动词讲解及练习2.docx
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初中英语语法专题专讲非谓语动词讲解及练习2
初中英语非谓语动词专项复习归类
初中英语教材中学过的非谓语动词有现在分词、不定式和过去分词三种形式,现阶段最重要的是现在分词和不定式,因此专门在这两个方面对初中英语教材进行有效的梳理,使之系统化、条理化,便于复习和掌握。
让我们先来看一下现在分词的情况:
1.介词+现在分词,构成介宾结构。
1)spend…indoing…花费……做……
2)lookforwordtodoing…盼望……..
3)be/getusedtodoing…习惯于做…….
4)beusedfordoing…被用来做…….
5)keepondoing…继续做……..
6)goondoing…继续做…….
7)Stop…fromdoing…..阻止……..做…….
Prevent…fromdoing….
Keep…fromdoing……
8)befondofdoing…喜爱做…….
9)succeedindoing….成功做………
10)besuccessfulindoing…成功做………
11)makeacontributiontodoing….为…….做贡献
12)thanksfordoing…谢谢你做…….
13)prefer(doing)…todoing…与做……相比更喜欢做……
14)devotesb.todoingsth.献身于……..
2.动词+现在分词,构成动宾结构。
1)finishdoingsth.做完某事
2)enjoydoingsth.享受做某事的乐趣
3)minddoingsth.介意做某事
4)mindnotdoingsth.不介意做某事
5)mindone’sdoingsth.介意某人做某事
6)missdoingsth.未………
7)beworthdoingsth.值得做某事
8)bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事
9)practicedoingsth.练习做某事
10)havefundoingsth.做某事很开心
11)feellikedoingsth.想要做某事
12)likedoingsth.(长久的爱好)喜欢做某事
比较:
liketodosth.(偶尔一次)的爱好
13)stopdoingsth.(停止正在做的事情)停止做某事
比较:
stoptodosth.(停止正在做的事情去做另一件事)停下来去做某事
14)considerdoingsth.考虑做某事
15)suggestdoingsth.建议做某事
16)can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事
17)preferdoingsth.更喜欢做某事
18)rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事
19)forgetdoingsth,忘记做过某事
20)avoiddoingsth.避免做某事
21)needdoingsth.(=needtobedone)需要做某事
22)lovedoingsth.喜爱做某事
23)allowdoingsth.允许做某事
24)trydoingsth.尝试做某事
25)regretdoingsth.后悔做某事(为已经做过的事而感到)
26)meandoingsth.意味着做某事
27)gofishing/camping/boating去钓鱼/去野营/去划船
3.动词+名词/代词+现在分词,构成动词+宾语+宾语补足语结构。
1)keepsb.doingsth.使某人做什么
2)hearsb./sth.doingsth.听见某人/某物正在做某事
3)havenotroubledoingsth.做某事没有困难
4)havenoproblemdoingsth.做某事没有问题
5)have(no)difficultydoingsth.做某事(没)有困难
动词不定的情况如下:
1.动词+名词/代词+不定式,构成动词+宾语+宾语补足语(不定式作宾语补足语)结构.
1)wishsb.todosth.希望某人去做某事
2)wantsb.(not)todosth.想要某人(不要)去做某事
3)ask/tell/ordersb.(not)todosth..要求/告诉/命令某人(不要)去做某事
4)allowsb.todosth.允许某人去做某事
5)wouldlikesb.todosth.想要某人去做某事
6)encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人去做某事
7)callsb.todosth.叫某人去做某事
8)warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不要去做某事
9)teachsb.todosth.教某人去做某事
10)invitesb.todosth.邀请某人去做某事
11)usesth.todosth.用某物去做某事
12)haveachancetodosth.有机会去做某事
13)havenotimetosth.没有时间去做某事
14)takemessurestodosth.采取措施去做某事
15)givesb.achancetodosth.给某人一个机会起做某事
16)regrettodosth.很遗憾地/抱歉地做...(事情还没有做)
17)meantodosth.打算做某事
2.动词+名词/代词+不定式,(动词不定式省略to)构成动宾补结构.
1)feelsb.dosth.感觉某人做某事
2)hearsb.dosth.听见某人做某事
3)listentosb.dosth.听见某人做某事
4)letsb.dosth.让某人做某事
5)makesb.dosth.使某人做某事
6)lookatsb.dosth.看某人做某事
7)seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事
8)havesb.dosth.使某人做某事
9)hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不)做某事
其他情况:
1)Whynotdosth?
为什么不做某事?
2)Wouldyoupleasedosth.?
请你做某事好吗?
3)Wouldratherdosth.thandosth.宁愿做什么也不愿做什么
4)Woulddosth.ratherthandosth.会去做什么而不会去做什么
5)Prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做什么也不愿做什么
3.Itis+adj.+forsb./ofsb.+todosth.动词不定式做句子的主语的情况
1)It’simportant/necessaryforyoutodothework.
2)It’sniceofyoutohelpmecarrythebox.
3)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth..
4)It’snormaltodosth.
4.动词+不定式,不定式做宾语。
1)aimtodosth.目的是做什么
2)promisetodosth.答应做某事
3)doone’sbesttodosth.尽某人最大努力去做某事
4)trytodosth.尽力做某事
5)hopetodosth.希望去做某事
6)stoptodosth.停止去做某事
7)liketodosth.喜欢去做某事
8)continuetodosth.继续去做某事
9)agreetodosth.同意去做某事
10)remembertodosth.记住去做某事
11)forgettodosth.忘记去做某事
12)managetodosth.设法去做某事
13)helptodosth.帮做去做某事
14)plantodosth.计划去做某事
15)begin/starttodosth.开始做某事
16)needtodosth.需要做某事
18)refusetodosth.拒绝做某事
19)makeupone’smindtodosth.下定决心去做某事
20)decidetodosth.决定去做某事
21)tryone’sbesttodosth.竭尽全力去做某事
5.be+形容词+不定式表示原因,“因为……而……”
1)begladtodosth.高兴去做某事
2)behappytodosth.高兴去做某事
3)bepleasedtodosth.高兴去做某事
4)benicetodosth.高兴去做某事
5)besuretodosth.有把握去做某事
6)besorrytodosth.做某事很抱歉
6.被动语态+不定式.
1)beseentodosth.被看到做某事
2)bemadetodosth.被迫做某事
3)beforcedtodosth.被迫做某事
4)beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事
7.不定式做目的状语.
1)workhardtodosth.努力工作为做某事
2)Westillhavealongwaytogo.我们还有很长的路要走。
3)It’sawonderfulplacetolive.是一个居住的好地方。
4)Youmustfindahancetogothere.你一定要找机会去那里。
5)Peoplehavetostudyandworkhardtokeepupwiththequickdevelopmentofmodernsociety.
人们为了赶上现代社会的快速发展必须努力学习努力工作。
6)Peoplewearthickcoatstodooutdooractivities.人们穿厚的衣服去做户外运动。
7)dosomethingusefultodosth.采取措施做某事
8)doeverythingtodosth.做某事为做什么
Doeverythingtoprotecttheenvironment.做所有的事情就是为了保护环境。
9)givesb.agoodchancetodosth.给某人一个做什么的好机会
8.不定式作主语的补语.
1)Yourtaskistodosth.你的任务是做什么。
2)Yourjobistodosth.你的工作是做什么。
3)Yourworkistodosth.你的工作是做什么。
9不定式相当于形容词作定语.
1)havenotimetodosth.没有时间做某事。
2)Haveenoughfoodtoeat有足够的食物吃。
3)haveachancetodosth.有做某事的机会。
4)It’smyfirsttimetodosth..那是我第一次做某事。
10.动词+疑问词+不定式,相当于一个从句.
1)Idon’tknowwhattodo.(=Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.)
2)Iwonderwheretogo.(=IwonderIshouldgo.)
3)Idon’tknowwhentohavethemeeting.(=Idon’tknowwhenweshallhavethemeeting.)
4)Iwantyoutotellyouhowtodoit.(Iwantyoutotellyouhowyouwilldoit.)
11不定式与whether连用
Idon’tknowwhethertodothatexercise.(我不知道是否做这道练习题。
)
1.Ispenttwohoursin____________(do)myhomework.
2.Welookforwardto_____________(see)ourparents.
3.Theyareusedto________________(live)inShanghai.
4.Theknifeisusedfor_____________(cut)things.
5.Hekepton___________(write)theletterlastnight.
6.LiPingandWangLinwenton________(work)aftertheyhadarest.
7.LucyandLilywenton_________(do)theirhomeworkaftertheyhadfinishedthework.
8.Thestrongwindstoppedthemfrom_______(go)out.
9.Theriverpreventsusfrom________(go)toschool.
10.Ikeptthechildrenfrom_________(fight)eachother.
11.Heisfondof__________(play)sports.
12.Wesucceedin_________(finish)thenovel.
13.Thescientisthasmadeagreatcontributionto____________(develop)ourscienceandtechnology.
14.Thanksfor________(help)me.
15.Iprefer________(play)basketballto________(stay)athome.
16.Theteacherdevoteshimto__________(teach)hisstudents.
17.Ifinished_________(write)theletterjustnow.
18.Theboyenjoys_________(watch)cartoons.
19.Imind__________(smoke)here.
20.Hemindsnot____________(open)thewindow.
21.Theymindmy___________(smoke)inpublic.
22.Imissed__________(do)myhomework.
23.Thebookisworth___________(read).
24.Wearebusy_________(copy)thesewords.
25.Shepractices_________(sing)everymorning.
26.Theyhavefun________(play)computergames.
27.Wefeellike__________(do)sports.
28.Whentheteachercamein,westopped_________(make)noise.
29.Weareconsidering___________(study)isgoodforus.
30.Theysuggest__________(speak)Englisheveryday.
31.Helikes___________(read)storybooks.
32.Ilike___________(swim)withyoutoday.
33.Westopped___________(write)__________(listen)tohim.
34.Whenweheardthebeautifulmusic,wecan’thelp________(dance)tothemusic.
35.Iprefer________(listen)tomusic.
36.Iremembered___________(drive)thecartwoyearsago.
37.Remember_____________(turn)offthelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.
38.Iforgot____________(tell)myfatheraboutthatthing.Whenmyfatherremindedme,Ithougtaboutit.
39.Don’tforget_____________(take)thebooktoschool.
40.Heavoided______________(hit)others,heranoutoftheroad.
41.Yourdeskneeds___________(repair),oryouwon’tuseitagain.
42.Welove__________(swim)intheseainthesummer.
43.Thedoctorallowedme__________(go)outofthehospital.
44.Thetrainstationdoesn’tallow__________(smoke)inpublic.
45.Itried___________(garden),butdidn’tsucceed.
46.Thepolicemantried____________(catch)thethief,buthedidn’tcatchhim.
47.Iregret_____________(disturb)yousolong.
48.Iregret__________(tell)youthatyoucan’tpasstheexam.
49.Imean___________(study)Russiawithmyfriends.
50.Successmeans_____________(work)hard.
51.Hewillgo__________(boat)withhisgirlfriend.
52.Whyhaveyoukeptme____________(wait)fortwohours?
53.Iheardthem____________(talk)inthenextroominEnglish.
54.Ihavenotrouble_____________(study)English.
55.IwishLiPing___________(go)backsoon.
56.Theteacherwantsme____________(do)myhomeworkintime.
57.Heaskedme_______________(notdrink)dirtywater.
58.Theteachertoldthem___________(clean)theflooratonce.
59.Lucywouldlike_______________(go)toamovie.
60.Theywouldlikeus______________(play)soccertogether.
61.OurEnglishteacheroftenencouragesus____________(work)hardatEnglish.
62.Myparentscalledme______________(finish)theworkbeforedark.
63.Thepolicemanwarnedwestudents__________________(notplay)inthestreet.
64.OurP.E.teacherteachesus____________(swim)everyafternoon.
65.Myfriendinvitedme____________(have)dinnerwithhim.
66.Weusecloth_________________(cover)ourbodytomakeuswarm.
67.Ihaveachance______________(improve)myEnglish.
68.Theyhavenotime___________(do)thework.
69.Wemusttakemeasures___________(protect)theenvironment.
70.Ourschoolgivesusachance________________(finish)thetask.
71.WhenIwalkedontheroad,Ifeltsomeone_______________(look)atme.
72.Heonceheardsomeone__________(talk)aboutit.
73.Theteacherletsus_____________(read)thetextonebyone.
74.Thebossmakestheworkers___________(work)twelvehoursaday.
75.Theysawtheboy___________(play)basketballjustnow.
76.Isawhim__________(wo
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