英汉人体解剖学基本词汇(850词).doc
- 文档编号:16111555
- 上传时间:2023-07-10
- 格式:DOC
- 页数:20
- 大小:171.50KB
英汉人体解剖学基本词汇(850词).doc
《英汉人体解剖学基本词汇(850词).doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英汉人体解剖学基本词汇(850词).doc(20页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
TheEnglish-ChineseBasicGlossaryofHumanAnatomy
英汉人体解剖学基本词汇
systematicanatomy系统解剖学
regionalanatomy(topographicanatomy)局部解剖学
anatomicalposition解剖学姿势
superior上
inferior下
anterior前
posterior后
medial内侧
lateral外侧
superficial浅
deep深
internal内
external外
proximal近侧
distal远侧
verticalaxis垂直轴
sagittalaxis矢状轴
coronalaxis(frontalaxis)冠状轴(额状轴)
sagittalplane矢状面
coronalplane(frontalplane)冠状面(额状面)
horizontalplane(transverseplane)水平面(横切面)
I.LocomotorSystem运动系统
1.BonySystem(Osteology)骨学
longbone长骨
shortbone短骨
flatbone扁骨
irregularbone不规则骨
sesamoidbone籽骨
compactbone(densebone)骨密质
cancellousbone(spongybone)骨松质
diploe板障
periosteum骨膜
bonemarrow骨髓
(1)BonesofTrunk躯干骨
vertebrae椎骨
cervicalvertebrae颈椎
thoracicvertebrae胸椎
lumbarvertebrae腰椎
sacrum骶骨
coccyx尾骨
atlas寰椎
axis枢椎
vertebraprominens隆椎
sternum胸骨
rib肋骨
costalcartilage肋软骨
(2)Skull颅
frontalbone额骨
ethmoidbone筛骨
sphenoidbone蝶骨
parietalbone顶骨
temporalbone颞骨
occipitalbone枕骨
maxilla上颌骨
zygomaticbone颧骨
palatinebone腭骨
nasalbone鼻骨
lacrimalbone泪骨
inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲
vomer犁骨
mandible下颌骨
hyoidbone舌骨
(3)BonesofUpperLimb上肢骨
clavicle锁骨
scapula肩胛骨
humerus肱骨
ulna尺骨
radius桡骨
scaphoidbone手舟骨
lunatebone月骨
triquetralbone三角骨
pisiformbone豌豆骨
trapeziumbone大多角骨
trapezoidbone小多角骨
capitatebone头状骨
hamatebone钩骨
metacarpalbones掌骨
phalanges指骨
(4)BonesofLowerLimb下肢骨
hipbone髋骨
ilium髂骨
ischium坐骨
pubis耻骨
femur股骨
patella髌骨
tibia胫骨
fibula腓骨
talus距骨
calcaneus跟骨
navicularbone足舟骨
medialcuneiformbone内侧楔骨
intermediatecuneiformbone中间楔骨
lateralcuneiformbone外侧楔骨
cuboidbone骰骨
metartarsalbones跖骨
phalangesoftoes趾骨
2.Arthrology关节学
joint(articulation)关节
ligament韧带
flexion屈
extension伸
adduction收
abduction展
pronation旋前
supination旋后
rotation旋转
circumduction环转
(1)JointsofBonesofTrunk躯干骨的连结
vertebralcolumn脊柱
intervertebraldisc椎间盘
annulusfibrosus纤维环
nucleuspulposus髓核
anteriorlongitudinalligament前纵韧带
posteriorlongitudinalligament后纵韧带
cervicalcurve颈曲
thoraciccurve胸曲
lumbarcurve腰曲
sacralcurve骶曲
thoraciccage胸廓
costalarch肋弓
(2)SynovialJointofSkull颅的连结
temporomandibularjoint颞下颌关节
(3)JointsofUpperLimb上肢骨连结
shoulderjoint肩关节
elbowjoint肘关节
wristjoint(radiocarpaljoint)腕关节(桡腕关节)
(4)JointsofLowerLimb下肢骨连结
pelvis骨盆
hipjoint髋关节
kneejoint膝关节
medialmeniscus内侧半月板
lateralmeniscus外侧半月板
anklejoint(talocruraljoint)踝关节(距小腿关节)
archoffoot足弓
3.Myology(MuscularSystem)肌学
muscle肌
longmuscle长肌
shortmuscle短肌
flatmuscle扁肌
orbicularmuscle轮匝肌
superficialfascia(subcutaneousfascia)浅筋膜
deepfascia(properfascia)深筋膜
(1)MusclesofHead头肌
1)FacialMuscles面肌
Epicranius(occipitofrontalis)颅顶肌(枕额肌)
galeaaponeurotica帽状腱膜
orbicularisoculi眼轮匝肌
orbicularisoris口轮匝肌
2)MasticatoryMuscles咀嚼肌
masseter咬肌
temporalis颞肌
lateralpterygoid翼外肌
medialpterygoid翼内肌
(2)MusclesofNeck颈肌
platysma颈阔肌
sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌
scalenusanterior前斜角肌
(3)MusclesofTrunk躯干肌
1)MusclesofBack背肌
trapezius斜方肌
latissimusdorsi背阔肌
erectorspinae(sacrospinalis)竖脊肌(骶棘肌)
2)MusclesofThorax胸肌
pectoralismajor胸大肌
serratusanterior前锯肌
intercostalesexterni肋间外肌
intercostalesinterni肋间内肌
3)Diaphragm膈
4)MusclesofAbdomen腹肌
obliquusexternusabdominis腹外斜肌
obliquusinternusabdominis腹内斜肌
transversusabdominis腹横肌
rectusabdominis腹直肌
(4)MusclesofUpperLimb上肢肌
1)MusclesofShoulder肩肌
deltoid三角肌
2)MusclesofArm臂肌
bicepsbrachii肱二头肌
brachialis肱肌
tricepsbrachii肱三头肌
3)MusclesofForearm前臂肌
flexorpollicislongus拇长屈肌
flexordigitorumsuperficialis指浅屈肌
flexordigitorumprofundus指深屈肌
extensorpollicislongus拇长伸肌
extensordigitorum指伸肌
4)MusclesofHand手肌
(5)MusclesofLowerLimb下肢肌
1)MusclesofHip髋肌
psoasmajor腰大肌
iliacus髂肌
gluteusmaximus臀大肌
piriformis梨状肌
2)MusclesofThigh大腿肌
sartorius缝匠肌
quadricepsfemoris股四头肌
adductorlongus长收肌
adductormagnus大收肌
bicepsfemoris股二头肌
semitendinosus半腱肌
semimembranosus半膜肌
3)MusclesofLeg小腿肌
tibialisanterior胫骨前肌
extensordigitorumlongus趾长伸肌
extensorhallucislongus拇长伸肌
tricepssurae小腿三头肌
flexordigitorumlongus趾长屈肌
tibialisposterior胫骨后肌
flexorhallucislongus拇长屈肌
4)MusclesofFoot足肌
II.Splanchnology内脏学
viscera内脏
1.AlimentarySystem消化系统
alimentarycanal消化管
alimentarygland消化腺
(1)OralCavity口腔
orallips口唇
philtrum人中
cheek颊
hardpalate硬腭
softpalate软腭
uvula腭垂
palatinevelum腭帆
palatoglossalarch腭舌弓
palatopharyngealarch腭咽弓
isthmusoffauces咽峡
deciduousteeth乳牙
permanentteeth恒牙
incisor切牙
canine尖牙
premolar前磨牙
molar磨牙
dentine牙质
enamel釉质
cement牙骨质
dentalpulp牙髓
tongue舌
parotidgland腮腺
submandibulargland下颌下腺
sublingualgland舌下腺
(2)Pharynx咽
nasopharynx鼻咽
oropharynx口咽
laryngopharynx喉咽
palatinetonsil腭扁桃体
(3)Esophagus食管
(4)Stomach胃
(5)SmallIntestine小肠
duodenum十二指肠
jejunum空肠
ileum回肠
(6)LargeIntestine大肠
caecum盲肠
vermiformappendix阑尾
ascendingcolon升结肠
transversecolon横结肠
descendingcolon降结肠
sigmoidcolon乙状结肠
rectum直肠
analcanal肛管
analcolumn肛柱
analvalve肛瓣
analsinus肛窦
dentalline齿状线
analpecten肛梳
whiteline白线
anus肛门
sphincteraniinternus肛门内括约肌
sphincteraniexternus肛门外括约肌
(7)Liver肝
portahepatis肝门
hepaticpedicle肝蒂
gallbladder胆囊
(8)Pancreas胰
2.RespiratorySystem呼吸系统
respiratorytract呼吸道
respiratoryorgan呼吸器官
(1)Nose鼻
(2)ParanasalSinus鼻旁窦
frontalsinus额窦
maxillarysinus上颌窦
ethmoidalsinus筛窦
sphenoidsinus蝶窦
(3)Larynx喉
thyroidcartilage甲状软骨
cricoidcartilage环状软骨
arytenoidcartilage杓状软骨
epiglotticcartilage会厌软骨
vocalfold声带
cricothyroid环甲肌
(4)TracheaandBronchi气管和支气管
rightprincipalbronchus右主支气管
leftprincipalbronchus左主支气管
(5)Lung肺
apexoflung肺尖
baseoflung肺底
hilumoflung肺门
rootoflung肺根
(6)Pleura胸膜
parietalpleura壁胸膜
viceralpleura脏胸膜
pleuralcavity胸膜腔
costodiaphragmaticrecess肋膈隐窝
3.UrinarySystem泌尿系统
kidney肾
renalhilum肾门
renalpedicle肾蒂
renalsinus肾窦
renalregion肾区
minorrenalcalices肾小盏
majorrenalcalices肾大盏
renalpelvis肾盂
ureter输尿管
urinarybladder膀胱
urethra尿道
4.MaleGenitalSystem男性生殖系统
testis睾丸
epididymis附睾
ductusdeferens输精管
spermaticcord精索
ejaculatoryduct射精管
seminalvesicle精囊
prostate前列腺
bulbourethralgland尿道球腺
penis阴茎
scrotum阴囊
5.FemaleGenitalSystem女性生殖系统
ovary卵巢
uterinetube输卵管
uterus子宫
vagina阴道
vaginalorifice阴道口
hymen处女膜
greatervestibulargland前庭大腺
vulva女阴
greaterlipofpudendum大阴唇
lesserlipofpudendum小阴唇
clitoris阴
mamma乳房
mammarypapilla(nipple)乳头
6.Peritonium腹膜
peritonealcavity腹膜腔
lesseromentum小网膜
greateromentum大网膜
mesentery肠系膜
rectovesicalpouch直肠膀胱陷凹
vesicouterinepouch膀胱子宫陷凹
rectouterinepouch(Douglas’pouch)直肠子宫陷凹(道格拉斯陷窝)
III.VascularSystem脉管系统
1.CardiovascularSystem心血管系统
pulmonarycirculation(lessercirculation)肺循环(小循环)
systemiccirculation(greatercirculation)体循环(大循环)
(1)Heart心
rightatrium右心房
rightventricle右心室
leftatrium左心房
leftventricle左心室
tricuspidvalve三尖瓣
bicuspidvalve二尖瓣
aorticvalve主动脉瓣
pulmonaryvalve肺动脉瓣
sinoatrialnode窦房结
internodaltract结间束
atrioventricularnode房室结
atrioventricularbundle(His’bundle)房室束(希氏束)
leftbundlebranch左束支
rightbundlebranch右束支
Purkinje’sfibers普氏纤维
leftcoronaryartery左冠状动脉
rightcoronaryartery右冠状动脉
coronarysinus冠状窦
greatcardiacvein心大静脉
middlecardiacvein心中静脉
smallcardiacvein心小静脉
pericardium心包
(2)Artery动脉
pulmonarytrunk肺动脉干
ascendingaorta升主动脉
aorticarch主动脉弓
brachiocephalictrunk头臂干
commoncarotidartery颈总动脉
externalcarotidartery颈外动脉
superiorthyroidartery甲状腺上动脉
lingualartery舌动脉
facialartery面动脉
superficialtemporalartery颞浅动脉
maxillaryartery上颌动脉
middlemeningealartery脑膜中动脉
occipitalartery枕动脉
posteriorauricularartery耳后动脉
internalcarotidartery颈内动脉
subclavianartery锁骨下动脉
vertebralartery椎动脉
internalthoracicartery胸廓内动脉
inferiorthyroidartery甲状腺下动脉
costocervicaltrunk肋颈干
axillaryartery腋动脉
thoracoacromialartery胸肩峰动脉
lateralthoracicartery胸外侧动脉
subscapularartery肩胛下动脉
posteriorhumeralcircumflexartery旋肱后动脉
brachialartery肱动脉
deepbrachialartery肱深动脉
radialartery桡动脉
superficialpalmararch掌浅弓
ulnarartery尺动脉
deeppalmararch掌深弓
commonpalmardigitalarteries指掌侧总动脉
properpalmardigitalarteries指掌侧固有动脉
descendingaorta降主动脉
thoracicaorta胸主动脉
posteriorintercostalarteries肋间后动脉
subcostalartery肋下动脉
abdominalaorta腹主动脉
lumbararteries腰动脉
inferiorphrenicartery膈下动脉
mediansacralartery骶正中动脉
middlesuprarenalartery肾上腺中动脉
renalartery肾动脉
testicularartery睾丸动脉
ovarianartery卵巢动脉
coeliactrunk腹腔干
leftgastricartery胃左动脉
commonhepaticartery肝总动脉
splenicartery脾动脉
superiormesentericartery肠系膜上动脉
inferiormesentericartery肠系膜下动脉
commoniliacartery髂总动脉
internaliliacartery髂内动脉
obturatorartery闭孔动脉
superiorglutealartery臀上动脉
inferiorglutealartery臀下动脉
iliolumbarartery髂腰动脉
uterineartery子宫动脉
internalpudendalartery阴部内动脉
externaliliacartery髂外动脉
femoralartery股动脉
deepfemoralartery股深动脉
poplitealartery腘动脉
posteriortibialartery胫后动脉
peronealartery腓动脉
medialplantarartery足底内侧动脉
lateralplantarartery足底外侧动脉
anteriortibialartery胫前动脉
dorsalarteryoffoot足背动脉
(3)Vein静脉
pulmonaryvein肺静脉
facialvein面静脉
deepfacialvein面深静脉
retromandibularvein下颌后静脉
maxillaryvein上颌静脉
pterygoidvenousplexus翼静脉丛
superficialtemporalvein颞浅静脉
externaljugularvein颈外静脉
internaljugularvein颈内静脉
commonfacialvein面总静脉
superiorthyroidvein甲状腺上静脉
middlethyroidvein甲状腺中静脉
subclavianvein锁骨下静脉
venousangle静脉角
cephalicvein头静脉
basilicvein贵要静脉
mediancubitalvein肘正中静脉
medianveinofforearm前臂正中静脉
ulnarvein尺静脉
radialvein桡静脉
brachialvein肱静脉
brachiocephalicvein头臂静脉
superiorvenacava上腔静脉
azygosvein奇静脉
posteriorintercostalveins肋间后静脉
esophagealvein食管静脉
bronchialvein支气管静脉
ascendinglumbarvein腰升静脉
smallsaphenousvein小隐静脉
greatsaphenousvein大隐静脉
anteriortibialvein胫前静脉
posteriortibialvein胫后静脉
poplitealvein腘静脉
femoralvein股静脉
externaliliacvein髂外静脉
internaliliacvein髂内静脉
commoniliacvein髂总静脉
inferiorvenacav
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英汉 人体 解剖学 基本词汇 850