单项填空八大要素.docx
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单项填空八大要素.docx
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单项填空八大要素
单项填空解题八大要素
NMET单项填空体现了语言测试的综合性和语境化的特征,所涉及的考查要求不再只是停留在对语言知识的识记与简单再现,而是要求考生在不同的水平与层次上侧重语言运用,既重视语言的形式和语义内容,还重视语言的应用,特别是在特定语境环境中运用语言的能力,其考查范畴需要同学们特别注意掌握以下八大基本要素:
1)整体把握,注意语境
在做单项填空时,要注意聚焦题中有关的词和重要的信息句,因为这些语境都是判断选择的重要依据。
1.---Whenshallwemeetagain?
---Makeit ____ dayyoulike;it’sallthesametome.(NMET96)
A.oneB.anyC.anotherD.some(B)
2.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing?
---Oh,I’mterriblysorry._____________.(NMET99)
A.IamnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticing
C.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Idon’tnotice(B)
3.---Hepromisedtocometoseeyou.
---Buthe_____.Ihavebeenalone.
A.doesn’tB.didn’tC.won’tD.hasn’t(D)
4.Icanhardlyheartheradio.Wouldyouplease________?
A.turnitonB.turnitdownC.turnitupD.turnitoff(C)
5.---Youdidn’tgoshoppingyesterday,didyou?
---_____.ButIhavesomethingmoretobuy.
A.No,Ididn’tB.Yes,Ididn’tC.Yes,IdidD.No.Idid(C)
6.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.
A.whoB.whenC.howD.what(A)
7.---IsJohncomingbytrain?
---Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(D)
A.mustB.canC.needD.may
2)注意思维定势的干扰
这里“思维定势的干扰”指的是对语言知识的识记与简单再现,切不可把在学校的语言学习公式化。
6.---Haveyouseen_____pen?
Ileftitherethismorning.
---Isit______blackone?
IthinkIsawitsomewhere.(NMET97)
A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a(D)
7.Shecan’thelp_____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.(Shanghai97’)
A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned(A)
8.---Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,_______?
---ButIfedityesterday.(NMET99)
A.doyouB.willyouC.didn’tyouD.don’tyou(B)
3)注意分析句子成分
分辨句子成分是考查学生实际运用语言的能力,因此学会分析和分辨句子各部分成分是很重要的。
9.OnSaturdayafternoon,Mr..Greenwenttothemarket,_______somebananasandvisitedhiscousin.(MET91)
A.boughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buy(A)
10.Isthisfactory_____youvisitedlastyesterday?
A.whichB.whereC.theoneD.there(C)
11.Themainreasonforthepopulationgrowthisn'tsomuchariseinbirthrates(率)_____afallin
deathratesasaresultofimprovementsinmedicalcare.
A.thanB.asC.morethanD.or
4)注意捕捉句子中的隐含信息
捕捉句子中的隐含信息,就是要既重视语言的形式和语义内容,还重视语言的应用,这也是我们学习语言的目地。
11.---Arethenewrulesworking?
---Yes._____booksarestolen.(NMET99)
A.FewB.MoreC.SomeD.None(A)
12.---CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?
---Iamafraid_____dayispossible.(NMET98)
A.eitherB.neitherC.someD.any(B)
13.Excusemeforbreakingin,_______Ihavesomegoodnewsforyou.
A.soB.andC.butD.yet(C)
14.IwaswatchingTV,soyoudidn’thave______attention.
A.yourB.myC.itsD.the(B)
27.Isthatabookonfarming?
Ifso,Iwanttoborrow_______.
A.thisB.oneC.itD.theone(C)
5)注意句式的变化
英语中句式的变化是千变万化的,这也是一个重要的考查范畴。
学生应学会把所学的知识灵活运用。
13.Johnplaysfootball_______,ifnotanybetterthan,David.(NMET94)
A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas(B)
14.Ratherthan_____onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.(NMET94)
A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding(C)
15.---Ihaven’theardfromHenryforalongtime.
---Whatdoyousuppose________tohim?
(Shanghai97’)
A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.hadhappened(B)
16.Whomwouldyourather_______thehouse?
A.havepaintedB.havepaintC.havetopaintD.havingpainted(B)
17.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?
---I’msorryI____anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.
A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayDdidn’tsay(D)
28.Thepalacewasheavilyguarded,becauseinsideitswalls_______.
A.wherelivedtheQueenB.livedtheQueen
C.therelivedtheQueenD.thatlivedtheQueen(B)
29.Iwashalfwaybacktothecottagewheremymotherlived______Susancaughtupwithme.
A.beforeB.whereC.whenD.that(A)
6)注意文化交际差异及应用
中英文两种语言的文化交际差异是很大的,学习一门语言的同时,要尽可能多地了解和接受其文化,这一点也是目前NMET单选的重要考点。
17.---Hi,haven’tseenyouforages!
Youlookfine.
---_________.Youlookwell,too.(NMET94)
A.GreatB.ThanksC.Oh,noD.Notatall(B)
18.---Waiter!
---_______
---Ican’teatthis.Itissalty.(NMET2000)
A.Yes,sir?
B.What?
C.Allright?
D.Pardon?
(A)
19.---IamsorryIbrokeyourmirror.
---Oh,really?
__________.(NMET96)
A.It’sOKwithmeB.Itdoesn’tmatter
C.Don’tbesorryD.Idon’tcare(B)
20.---DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourdictionary?
---____________.(NMET97)
A.Yes,youmayborrowB.Yes,youcould
C.Yes,helpyourselfD.Yes,goon(C)
21.---YouspeakverygoodEnglish.
---__________.
A.Youaren’trightB.Iamgladtohearthat
C.NotatallD.Ireallydon’tspeakwell(B)
22.---Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.
---_________.
A.Idon’tB.Iwon’tC.Ican’tD.Ihaven’t(B)
23.Ihavenoone______me,forIamanewcomerhere.
A.tohelpB.helpC.helpedD.tohavehelped(A)
24.---I’mtakingmydrivingtesttomorrow.
---______________!
A.CheersB.GoodluckC.ComeonD.Congratulation(B)
25.—Thebookisn’teasyforJacktounderstand,isit?
—______.Hisforeignlanguageisfarbetterthanexpected.
A.No,itisn’tB.I’mafraidnot
C.Idon’tthinksoD.Yes,itis(D)
7)词语辨析
分辨词(主要是动词和名词)和短语在特定语境下的区别是考查学生实际运用语言的能力的一个重要考察点。
24.TheChineseinmanyplacesoftheworld_____theoldtradition,thoughtheyareinforeignland.
A.keepupB.keeponC.keepawayfromD.keepoff(A)
25.Thepolicecouldn’tseewhich_____thecarwent.
A.pathB.sideC.roadD.way(D)
26.Thecaptain____anapologytothepassengersforthedelaycausedbythebadweather.
A.madeB.saidC.putD.passed(A)
27.Tomwassentencedtofiveyears’imprisonmentforhaving_____firetothelocalradiostation.
A.madeB.setC.openedD.taken(B)
28.Iwouldrathergotothemoviealonethan____Bobcomewithme.
A.getB.haveC.askD.keep(B)
29.Readerscan_____quitewellwithoutknowingtheexactmeaningofeachword.
A.getoverB.getinC.getalongD.getthrough(C)
30.Idon’tfeellikegoingtotheparty,butI’mnotsurehowIcan_____it.
A.getbackfromB.getoutofC.getawayD.getoff(B)
31.Thecupboardfilledwithshoesfelloverandittookmeanhourto____themupagain.
A.coupleB.matchC.pickD.pair(B)
33.InDisneyland,everyyear,some800,000plantsarereplacedbecauseDisneyrefusedto______
signsaskinghis“guests”nottosteponthem.
A.takedownB.callforC.putupD.setup(C)
34.Healwaysdidwellatschool______havingtodopart-timejobseverynowandthen.
A.inspiteofB.insteadofC.incaseofD.infavorof(A)
35.Whatagreatweightthemotherfelt______hermindthemomentshefoundherlostson!
A.turnedoffB.takenoffC.setfreeD.broughtinto(B)
8)注意分析语境中的省略现象,完整理解语义
英语中的省略现象是经常出现的,考查学生的语言运用能力,特别是在特定语境环境中运用语言的能力,也是NMET单选考查的一个部分。
32.---Yourphonenumberagain?
I____quitecatchit.
---It’s9568442.
A.didn’tB.couldn’tC.don’tD.can’t(A)
33.---WhatdoyouthinkofMr.Li’steaching?
---Oh,nooneteaches_______.
A.betterB.wellC.bestD.thebest(A)
34.---Whichofthesetwotieswillyoutake?
---I’lltake______,togivemeachangesometimes.
A.eitherB.neitherC.allD.both(D)
35.---Excuseme,couldyoushowmethewaytoNo.1MiddleSchool?
---_____themaintheroadhere,andyouwillgettheresoon.
A.TurningoffB.ToturnoffC.TurnoffD.Ifyouturnoff(C)
36.UnfortunatelywhenIarrivedshe_____,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords.
A.justleftB.hasjustleftC.wasjustleavingD.hadjustleft(C)
近几年高考中的单项选择题大体课分为四大类:
考查交际用语;
考查词语辨析和习语搭配;考查语言结构;语境中考查语法知识。
下面就依此分类对近几年高考中的单项选择题加以分析,进一步说明单项选择题的解题方法和技巧。
I考查交际用语
1.----Goodmorning.GrandHotel.
----Hello,I’dliketobookaroomforthenightofthe18thand19th.
----____.(NMET2001)
A.WhatcanIdoforyou?
B.Justaminute,please.
C.What’sthematter?
D.Atyourservice.
2.Excusemeforbreakingin,____Ihavesomenewsforyou.
A.soB.andC.butD.yet(NMET2002)
3.----Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.
----Why____?
Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.
A.himB.heC.ID.me(NMET2003)
4.----WouldyouliketocometothedinnerpartyhereonSaturday?
----Thankyou.I’dloveto,____I’llbeoutoftownattheweekend.
A.becauseB.andC.soD.but(北京2002)
5.----It’sbeenawonderfulevening.Thankyouverymuch.
----____.(北京2002)
A.MypleasureB.I’mgladtohearthatC.No,thanksD.It’sOK.
6.----Idon’thaveanychangewithme.Willyoupaythefareforme?
----____.(上海2000)
A.That’sfineB.NothingseriousC.NevermindD.Noproblem
7.----Sorry,Joe.Ididn’tmeanto……(NMET2003)
----Don’tcallme“Joe”.I’mMr.Parkertoyou,and____youforgetit!
A.doB.didn’tC.didD.don’t
8.----IthinkyoushouldphoneJennyandsaysorrytoher.
----____.Itwasherfault.(NMET2003)
A.NowayB.NotpossibleC.NochanceD.Notatall
9.----Waiter!
----____.
----Ican’teatthis.It’stoosalty.(NMET2000)
A.Yes,sir?
B.What?
C.Allright?
D.Pardon?
10.----Whatabouthavingadrink?
----____.(NMET2000)
A.GoodideaB.HelpyourselfC.Goahead,pleaseD.Me,too
11.----Ihadareallygoodweekendatmyuncle’s.
----____.(NMET1999)
A.Oh,that’sveryniceofyou.B.Congratulations
C.It’sapleasureD.Oh,I’mgladtohearthat
12.----CanIgetyouacupoftea?
----____.(NMET1998)
A.That’sveryniceofyouB.Withpleasure
C.Youcan,pleaseD.Thankyouforthetea
13.----Youhaven’tbeentoBeijing,haveyou?
----____.HowIwishtogothere!
(NMET1998)
A.Yes,IhaveB.Yes,Ihaven’tC.No,IhaveD.No,Ihaven’t
14.----I’dliketoinv
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