高考英语二轮练习提能力创新演练八unit22environm.docx
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高考英语二轮练习提能力创新演练八unit22environm.docx
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高考英语二轮练习提能力创新演练八unit22environm
2019高考英语二轮练习提能力创新演练-八unit22environm
A卷
Ⅰ.单项填空
1、(2018·泉州调研)—Mum,Ihavefinishedallmyhomework.CouldIgodownstairstoplaywithotherchildren?
—Certainly,butdon'tremainout________nineo'clock.
A、throughB、over
C、beforeD、beyond
解析:
考查介词。
根据“不要在外面玩到超过九点钟”可知beyond“晚于,迟于”之意,符合语意。
through“通过,在……中间”;over“在……的上方”;before“在……之前”,故应选D项。
答案:
D
2、(2018·潍坊一模)Duetothewidespread________ofthismedicaltechnology,morediseasescanbediscoveredandtreatedatanearlystage.
A、presentationB、application
C、potentialD、appreciation
解析:
句意:
由于这种医疗技术的广泛运用,更多的疾病能够在早期被发现并治疗。
application“运用”;presentation“介绍,展示”;potential“潜力,潜在的可能性”;appreciation“欣赏,感谢”。
答案:
B
3、Mybosswasveryagainstmysuggestionatfirstbutshefinally________andacceptedmyidea.
A、sloweddownB、putdown
C、gotdownD、brokedown
解析:
考查动词短语。
句意:
起初我的上司很反对我的提案,但最后她态度转变,接受了我的想法。
breakdown在这里指消除(感情或态度)。
slowdown“减速”;getdown“吞下,写下”;putdown“写下,记下,镇压,放下”。
答案:
D
4、Theprofessorsometimesmakesremarksthatarenot________tothetopic.
A、associatedB、relevant
C、dependentD、connect
解析:
berelevantto“与……有关”。
句意:
教授有时发表一些与话题无关的言论。
beassociatedwith“与……有联系”;bedependenton“依赖……,依靠……”;connect动词,表示“连接”。
答案:
B
5、(2018·亳州适应性训练)________asentencebeforeyoucanunderstanditcorrectly.
A、FindB、Analyse
C、RefertoD、Lookup
解析:
句意:
在你正确理解一个句子之前你首先对它做一个分析。
analyse“分析”,符合句意。
答案:
B
6、________hermotherafterbeingseparatedfor20years,shecouldn'thelp,eventhoughshetriednotto,________.
A、Seen;cryingB、Tosee;cry
C、Seeing;cryingD、Havingseen;cry
解析:
考查非谓语动词。
第一空是现在分词作状语;第二空,因有状语从句的分隔,不容易判断,正常语序是Shecouldn'thelp________eventhoughshetriednotto。
can'thelpdoingsth.“情不自禁做某事”,应选C。
答案:
C
7、________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.
A、GivenB、Togive
C、GivingD、Havinggiven
解析:
句意:
鉴于他的身体状况,从手术中恢复过来需要一段时间。
given意为“鉴于”,为介词。
答案:
A
8、(2018·济源一模)Stressfulenvironmentsleadtounhealthybehaviorssuchaspooreatinghabits,which________increasetheriskofheartdisease.
A、inturnB、inreturn
C、bychanceD、byturns
解析:
inturn(插入语)“转而,依次,而又”;inreturn“作为报答”;bychance(=byaccident)“偶然地;无意中”;byturns“轮流地,依次”。
句意:
紧张的环境会导致诸如不良的饮食习惯等不健康行为,从而又会增加患心脏病的几率。
答案:
A
9、IneedthemoneybadlynowandIhaveto________mycarthoughI'mnotatallwillingtodoso.
A、donateB、sacrifice
C、declineD、deliver
解析:
因为缺钱所以要“牺牲”自己的汽车,sacrifice表示“牺牲,贱卖”。
donate“捐献”;decline“婉拒,下降”;deliver“递送”。
答案:
B
10、Relax,relax,anyway,youmaydependon________hewouldbebackintime.
A、itthatB、if
C、thatD、when
解析:
dependon不能直接加从句,要先加形式宾语it。
类似的还有relyon,like,hate等。
答案:
A
11、Byquestioningcleverlythey________him________admittinghiscrime.
A、trapped;intoB、persuaded;into
C、trapped;toD、persuaded;to
解析:
trapsb.intodoingsth.“使某人陷入做某事的圈套”。
答案:
A
12、Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,theydon'tbotherto________skillstheyneedtosucceed.
A、adoptB、associate
C、accumulateD、acquire
解析:
句意:
假设是人们感到没有希望,他们就不去努力获取成功所需要的技能。
adopt“采纳,收养”;associate“联系”;accumulate“积聚,累积”;acquire“(逐渐)获取”。
答案:
D
13、Hundredsofjobs________ifthefactorycloses.
A、loseB、willbelost
C、arelostD、willlose
解析:
考查时态与语态。
if条件状语从句中用一般现在时,主句应用将来时。
lose与job之间存在被动关系,故用被动语态。
答案:
B
14、Theoldmankeptalarge________offirewoodforcoldweather.
A、reservationB、reserve
C、conservationD、preserve
解析:
句意:
这位老人贮存了大量的木柴以备天冷时用。
alargereserveof“大量储备的……”。
reservation“预定”;conservation“(动植物等的)保护”;preserve作动词,意为“保护,维护”。
答案:
B
15、Youshould________theopportunitytostudyincollege.Oryouwillberegretful.
A、watchB、refuse
C、missD、seize
解析:
句意:
你应该抓住在大学学习的机会,否那么你会后悔的。
watch“观看”;refuse“拒绝”;miss“错过,怀念”;seize“抓住”。
答案:
D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2018·东北三省六校联合诊断)Theamountofcarbontakeninbygrowingplantsincreasedfrom1982to1999astemperaturesroseandtheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereincreased.ButanewstudyinFriday'seditionofthejournalSciencefoundadroughtrelateddeclineinsuchplantgrowthfrom2000to2017,eventhoughtemperaturescontinuedtoclimb.
Asdroughtcausedbywarmingreducestheland'sabilitytotakeincarbon,theresultcouldbemorecarbondioxideleftintheatmosphere,andthusmorewarming,ZhaoMaoshengfromtheUniversityofMontanaexplainedinatelephoneinterview.
“Thisisaprettyseriouswarningthatwarmertemperaturesarenotgoingtoendlesslyimproveplantgrowth,”coauthorStevenRunning,alsofromtheUniversityofMontana,saidinastatement.“Weseethisasabitofasurprise,andpotentiallysignificantonapolicylevelbecausepreviousinterpretationssuggestedglobalwarmingmightactuallyhelpplantgrowtharoundtheworld,”hesaid.
Instead,heandZhaofoundasmallbutmeasurabledeclineofabout1%,comparedtoa6%increaseinthepastdecade.
Theirstudy,basedonthedatacollectedbyNASAsatellites,foundthatnorthareascontinuedtoincreaseplantgrowth,thankstowarmertemperaturesandalongergrowingseason.
Someonecommented,“Thispastdecade'snetdeclineinearthlyproductivitysuggeststhatacomplexrelationshipbetweentemperature,rainfall,cloudiness,andcarbondioxide,probablyincombinationwithotherfactorssuchasnutrientsandlandmanagement,willdeterminefuturepatternsandtrendsinproductivity.”
语篇解读:
一项研究说明:
气候温暖不能无止境地帮助植物生长,气候温暖所造成的干旱降低了土地对二氧化碳的吸收能力,结果使大气中的二氧化碳的含量不断上升。
1、Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanlearn________intherecentdecadeorso.
A、theemissionofcarbonhasn'tbeenreduced
B、droughthasbeencausinglossofsoilandwater
C、carbondioxidelevelshavebeenrising
D、theriseoftemperaturedoesn'tpromotetheplantgrowth
解析:
细节理解题。
由文章第一段中的“adroughtrelateddeclineinsuchplantgrowthfrom2000to2017,eventhoughtemperaturescontinuedtoclimb”可知近十年气温的上升并没有促进植物的生长。
答案:
D
2、ZhaoMaoshengreallyworriedthat________.
A、moreandmorelandwillbeabandoned
B、theclimatebecomeswarmerandwarmer
C、theemissionofcarbondioxideincreases
D、droughtfurtherreducesthenumberoftheplants
解析:
细节理解题。
由文章第二段中的“...theresultcouldbemorecarbondioxideleftintheatmosphere,andthusmorewarming”可知ZhaoMaosheng真正担心的是气候将变得越来越温暖。
答案:
B
3、Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.
A、globalwarmingwilldeterminethefutureproductivity
B、variousfactorsplayakeyrolejointlyonfutureproductivity
C、earthlyproductivityactuallyincreasedinthepastdecade
D、temperaturerisehashadnoeffectonfutureproductivitypatterns
解析:
推理判断题。
由文章最后一段中的内容可推知各种因素共同影响将来的生产力,应选B项。
答案:
B
B
(2018·淮北高三阶段测试)Asthenewtermstarts,freshmenaroundtheworldareaskingthesamequestion:
howcanImakethebestoffouryearsatcollege?
TheNewYorkTimesreceivedsuggestionsrecentlyfromPhDstudentsandseniorsatsomeofthetopUSuniversities.Here'stheiradvice.
“Manyyoungpeopletodayareraisedinaprotectivecocoon(茧)”,wroteTimNovikoff,aPhDstudentatComell.“Collegeisatimetoexploretheworldbeyondandachancetolearnnewthingsaboutyourself.Takeclassesindifferentsubjects.Trylotsofdifferentclubsandactivities.”
Rememberalsototakesometimeawayfromcampus,suggestedWillieLin,astudentatWashingtonUniversity.“If_you_spend_all_of_your_time_in_school,_then_it_becomes_too_easy_to_let_criticism_from_an_unkind_professor_or_a_conflict_with_a_roommate_take_up_large_proportions.”
Trytofindworkassistingaresearcheroraprofessor—thisistheadvicefromAmanSinghGill,aPhDstudentatStonyBrookUniversity.Andhealsosaid,“Withawindowintotheworldofresearch,youwillfindyourselfthinkingmorecritically,acceptingfewerstatesatfacevalueandperhapsdevelopingabravesenseofwhatyoucanaccomplish.”
Manyyoungpeoplecannotimagineevenasingledaywithoutdevicessuchascomputersandcellphones.Buttrytokeepyourselfoffthem,cautionedChristineSmallwood,aPhDstudentatColumbiaUniversity.
StartbyschedulingafewInternetfreehourseachday,withyourphoneturnedoff.It'stheonlywayyou'llbeabletoreadanythingserious.“Thiswillalsohavethebenefitofmakingyouhardertoreach,andthusmoremysteriousandfascinatingtonewfriendsandacquaintances(熟人),”shesuggested.
语篇解读:
新学期开始时,大一新生往往茫然失措,不知如何充分利用美好的四年大学时光。
《纽约时代》征求了一些美国顶尖大学的哲学博士生和大四学生的建议,为刚刚踏入大学校门的莘莘学子提供参考。
4、TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3meansweshould________.
A、spendmoretimeatschool
B、takesometimeoutofschool
C、listentocriticismmore
D、notarguewithroommates
解析:
推理判断题。
根据第三段的开头部分可推测画线句子的意思是我们应该走出学校,多接触外面的世界。
答案:
B
5、Whothinksitisimportanttoconsidersomethingcritically?
A、TimNovikoff.B、AmanSinghGill.
C、ChristineSmallwood.D、WillieLin.
解析:
细节理解题。
题干中的关键词“considersomethingcritically”与第四段AmanSinghGill的观点“youwillfindyourselfthinkingmorecritically”相对应。
答案:
B
6、Asformoderninformationdevices,thelasttwoparagraphsmeantotellus________.
A、nottousethem
B、toturnthemoff
C、tokeepourselvesoffthemforever
D、tomakeascheduletousethem
解析:
推理判断题。
结合倒数第二段中的“Buttrytokeepyourselfoffthem”和最后一段第一句中的内容可知我们应该安排特定的时间使用现代化信息设备。
答案:
D
7、Thispassageismainlyabout________.
A、tipsfromsomestudentsforcollegelife
B、waystoreadsomethingseriousregularly
C、dayswithoutcellphonesandcomputers
D、chancestogotouniversityyoureallylike
解析:
主旨大意题。
第一段是文章的引题,根据本段最后的“Here'stheiradvice”可知本文主要是给大一新生就校园生活提供一些建议。
答案:
A
B卷
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2018·福建质量检测)Theteachersatcrossleggedinfrontofthegatheringoffourthgradestudents.Sheaskedthemwhatkindsofthingswould__1__worldpeace.Immediatelytheybeganofferingsuch__2__as“Getridofallthebombs.”“Thereoughttobea__3__againstwar.”Theteacherrosetonoteeachofferingontheboard.Oncethelistwas__4__,shesatagainwiththechildrenandaskedthemiftherewasanything__5__warintheirlives.
Theywere__6__atfirstbuteventuallytheyseemedtobeginto__7__thattheteachermeant“war”asametaphor(暗喻).Onestudentsaid,“MybrotherdeclareswaronmewhenI__8__histhings.”“Mydadblowsupatbaddrivers,”offeredonegirl.__9__saidshedidwarwithoneofherdishonestfriends.
__10__thethoughtappearedthatallviolencewasinconflictwiththeideaof__11__.Throughthediscussiontheteacher__12__theconceptthattheycoulddecreaseviolenceandincreasepeaceintheirownlivesbygivinguptheideaof__13__withothers.Sheaskedthemto__14__therestoftheweekkeepingtrackofthetimeswhentheywouldchoosetocarryoutpeace__15__violence.
Bytheendoftheweekthestudentshadexperienceddozensofexamples__16__violenceandconflicthadbeenavoidedintheir__17__lives.
Eventuallytheclasscreatedapeacemovementintheschool.Theyhelpedrewriteschool__18__thatdecreasedconflict.Homeworkbecamemoreinventiveand__19__.Parentteachermeetingsalways__20__activitiesofthestudents(adance,oranartorscienceexhibit).Cooperationbecametheprimarypathtopeace.
语篇解读:
本文主要介绍的是老师如何向学生解释“war”这个词的含义,并使学生们明白在生活中他们应该减少冲突,加强合作。
1、A.breakB、ignore
C、increaseD、witness
解析:
由第一段第三句中学生们的回答可知,老师问的是如何能促进世界和平
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