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讲座讲义最新
2011年考研英语成功法则
主讲介绍:
肖克老师:
我国考研英语实力派和激情派旗帜,学术底蕴深厚,擅长英美文化思维模式,口语发音纯正,成功在所讲的考研班上预测今年考试的大作文“网络问题”,小作文建议信。
阅读主张“宏观语篇分析”,“选项技巧全新提速”,“阅读核心词汇”,“打通难句的阅读神经”,讲课细腻深入,独具匠心,擅长词汇的微观分析和联想记忆,讲课效果高效务实。
讲座和讲课内容是肖老师长期从事考研工作的呕心沥血的方法和技巧,力求“最真实”,“最细腻”,“最大规模”,“最实用”“最独特”来看考研命题价值观
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemoreintelligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGreoryCochramis1tosayitanyway.Heisthat2bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently3anyinstitution.Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasenot4thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.
5he,however,mighttrembleatthe6ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientist,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly7thatonegroupofhumanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,butexplainedtheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.Thegroupin8areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.
ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,912-15pointsabovethe10valueof100,andhavecontributed11totheintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe12oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,13.Theyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefromanumberofnastygeneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,14,havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.Theformerhasbeen15tosocialeffects,suchasastrongtraditionof16education.Thelatterwasseenasa(an)17ofgeneticisolation.Dr.Cochransuggeststhattheintelligenceanddiseasesareintimately18.Hisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehas19themtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthis20stateofaffairs.
1.
[A]selected
[B]prepared
[C]obliged
[D]pleased
2.
[A]unique
[B]particular
[C]special
[D]rare
3.
[A]of
[B]with
[C]in
[D]against
4.
[A]subsequently
[B]presently
[C]previously
[D]lately
5.
[A]Only
[B]So
[C]Even
[D]Hence
6.
[A]thought
[B]sight
[C]cost
[D]risk
7.
[A]advises
[B]suggests
[C]protests
[D]objects
8.
[A]progress
[B]fact
[C]need
[D]question
9.
[A]attaining
[B]scoring
[C]reaching
[D]calculating
10.
[A]normal
[B]common
[C]mean
[D]total
11.
[A]unconsciously
[B]disproportionately
[C]indefinitely
[D]unaccountably
12.
[A]missions
[B]fortunes
[C]interests
[D]careers
13.
[A]affirm
[B]witness
[C]observe
[D]approve
14.
[A]moreover
[B]therefore
[C]however
[D]meanwhile
15.
[A]givenup
[B]gotover
[C]carriedon
[D]putdown
16.
[A]assessing
[B]supervising
[C]administering
[D]valuing
17.
[A]development
[B]origin
[C]consequence
[D]instrument
18.
[A]linked
[B]integrated
[C]woven
[D]combined
19.
[A]limited
[B]subjected
[C]converted
[D]directed
20.
[A]paradoxical
[B]incompatible
[C]inevitable
[D]continuous
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen.”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministrationHospital.
Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltoshoesofthemales.
Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith.”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”
Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”
AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”
NoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.
21.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?
[A]Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress.
[B]Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbymen.
[C]Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.
[D]Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.
22.Dr.Ychuda’sresearchsuggeststhatwomen
[A]needextradosesofchemicalstohandlestress.
[B]havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress.
[C]aremorecapableofavoidingstress.
[D]areexposedtomorestress.
23.AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobe
[A]domesticandtemporary.
[B]irregularandviolent.
[C]durableandfrequent.
[D]trivialandrandom.
24.Thesentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”(Line6,Para.5)showsthat
[A]Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.
[B]Alvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdexpenses.
[C]Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.
[D]Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.
25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
[A]StrainofStress:
NoWayOut?
[B]ResponsetoStress:
GenderDifference
[C]StressAnalysis:
WhatChemicalsSay?
[D]GenderInequality:
WomenUnderStress
Text2
Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratorywouldsubmittheresultsoftheirresearchtoajournal.Ajournaleditorwouldthenremovetheauthor’snamesandaffiliationsfromthepaperandsendittotheirpeersforreview,dependingonthecommentsreceived,theeditorwouldacceptthepaperforpublicationordeclineit.Copyrightrestedwiththejournalpublishers,andresearchersseekingknowledgeoftheresultswouldhavetosubscribetothejournal.
Nolonger.TheInternet–andpressureformfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialpublishersaremakingmoneyfromgovernment–fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoit–ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)hasjustissuedareportdescribingthefar-reachingconsequencesofthis,thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits.Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beenakeyelementofscientificendeavor.
Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepublicinvestmentinresearchdepends,inpart,uponwidedistributionandreadyaccess.Itisbigbusiness,inAmerica,thecorescientificpublishingmarketisestimatedatbetween$7billionand$11billion.TheInternationalAssociationofScientificTechnicalandMedicalPublisherssaysthattherearemorethan2,000publishersworldwidespecializinginthesesubjects,theypublishmorethan1.2millionarticleseachyearinsome16,000journals.
26.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthordiscusses
[A]thebackgroundinformationofjournalending.
[B]thepublicationroutineoflaboratoryreports.
[C]therelationsofauthorswithjournalpublishers.
[D]thetraditionalprocessofjournalpublication.
27.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDreport?
[A]Itcriticizesgovernment-fundedresearch.
[B]Itintroducesaneffectivemeansofpublication.
[C]Itupsetsprofit-makingjournalpublishers.
[D]Itfacilitatespublicinvestmentinscientificresearch.
28.Accordingtothetext,onlinepublicationissignificantinthat
[A]itprovidesaneasieraccesstoscientificresults.
[B]itbringshugeprofitstoscientificresearchers.
[C]itemphasizesthecrucialroleofscientificknowledge.
[D]itfacilitatespublicinvestmentinscientificresearch.
29.Withtheopen-accesspublishingmodel,theauthorofapaperisrequiredto
[A]coverthecostofitspublication.
[B]subscribetothejournalpublishingit.
[C]allowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely.
[D]complet
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