外研版必修四Module 4 Great Scientists 2 Section Ⅱ.docx
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外研版必修四Module 4 Great Scientists 2 Section Ⅱ.docx
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外研版必修四Module4GreatScientists2SectionⅡ
SectionⅡ Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary—LanguagePoints
figure n.人物;体形;图案;数字;隐约可见的人影
vt.认为;估计
(教材P32)Inthericegrowingworld,theChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isaleadingfigure.
在水稻种植领域,中国科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。
(1)keepone’sfigure 保持身材
(2)figureout想出;理解;弄明白
[一词多义]——写出下列句中figure的词性和含义
①Morethan$25billioninonedayisnotjustasalesfigure.n.数字
②(2016·北京卷)AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.n.人物
③Glancinground,hecaughtsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.n.人影
④IfigurethatifItookthenighttrain,IcouldbeinScotlandbymorning.vt.认为
[链接写作]——完成句子
⑤(福建卷)——我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。
——通过每天锻炼。
—IwonderhowMaryhas__kept__her__figure__afteralltheseyears.
—Byworkingouteveryday.
⑥(湖北卷)现在的情况非常复杂,因此我想过些时间我才能够弄清楚它的实际情况。
Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soIthinkitwilltakemesometimeto__figure__outitsreality.
bringup 培育;养育;提出;呕吐
(教材P32)YuanLongpingwasbornandbroughtupinChina.
袁隆平在中国出生并长大。
bringabout 引起,导致
bringback归还;带回;(事物)使记起
bringdown降低
bringin吸引;引进;赚得
①(福建卷)Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.
出生在一个有三个兄弟的家庭里,大卫从小接受的教育是要重视与人分享。
②Thecoupledidn’tfeelwellandtheybroughtupthemeal.
那对夫妇感觉不舒服,把饭都吐出来了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2019·黑龙江哈尔滨校级月考)Heisveryawareofwhattopicsheshouldandshouldnotbringupatthemeeting.
②Thequestionwhetheritisgoodforchildrentobebroughtupbytheirgrandparentsbroughtaboutaheateddiscussion.
③(湖北卷)Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.
④NewideashavebeenbroughtinsinceChinawasopenedtotheoutsideworld.
support vt.支持;支撑;供养 n.支持;拥护
(教材P32)Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.
这项研究得到了政府的支持。
(1)supportsb.insth. 在某方面支持某人
(2)cometoone’ssupport来支持某人
insupportof...支持……
withthesupportof在……的支持下
(3)supportern.支持者;拥护者
①(2016·北京卷)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。
你能做的任何事都会有所帮助。
②Iwillsupportmyselfaftergraduationfromcollege.
我大学毕业后要自食其力。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Theoldmanenteredthehall,supported(support)byhistwosons.
②a.Mysuccessdependstoalargeextentonmyfamily’ssupportbecausemyparentsalwayssupportmeinwhatIwanttodo.
b.WheneverIdisagreewithmybrother,myfathercomestomysupport.
③Nomatterwhathappens,Iwillalwaysbeyourfaithfulsupporter(support).
asaresultof 由于……的结果
(教材P32)AsaresultofYuanLongping’sdiscoveriesChinesericeproductionroseby47.5percentinthe1990’s.
由于袁隆平的发现,中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代增长了47.5%。
(1)asaresult 因此;结果
(2)resultfrom由于;因……产生或发生(表示原因)
resultin导致,造成(表示结果)
①(陕西卷)Asaresultoftheseriousflood,twothirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedrepairing.
由于严重的洪涝,该地区三分之二的建筑需要修建。
②Thefootballmatchwasputoffasaresultofthestorm.
由于暴风雨,足球赛被推迟了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Hestudiedhardlasttermand,asaresult,hepassedtheexamination.
②Hislazinessresultedinhisfailure;thatistosay,hisfailureresultedfromhislaziness.
[链接写作]——一句多译
由于这场大火,数以万计的人们失去了家园。
③As__a__result__ofthebigfire,thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.
④Therewasabigfire.As__a__result,__thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.
表示“原因”“由于”的介词短语有becauseof;thanksto;owingto;dueto;asaconsequenceof。
replace vt.取代;以……代替;放回
(教材P32)Thenewricereplacedvegetablesin50thousandsquarekilometres.
这种新的水稻取代了5万平方千米的蔬菜。
replace...with/by... 用……替换/代替……
①Thecompanyguaranteeditwouldrepairorreplacethecomputerifitbrokewithintwoyears.
公司承诺如果两年内出故障他们将维修或更换电脑。
②Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave.
你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Teacherswillneverbe__replaced(replace)bycomputersintheclassroom.
②(2019·江苏南京期中)ThehousewhichIgrewupinhasbeentakendown(拆除)andreplacedwith/byanofficebuilding.
[链接写作]——句型转换
Morenewmachineswillbeboughttoreplacetheoldones.
③→Morenewmachineswillbeboughttotaketheoldones’place.
④→Morenewmachineswillbeboughttobein__place__oftheoldones.
⑤→Morenewmachineswillbeboughttotake__the__place__oftheoldones.
表示“代替”的短语有taketheplaceof/takeone’splace;inplaceof...;insteadof。
quantity n.数量
(教材P33)Ayieldreferstoquantity(egoffood).
产量指的是(食品的)数量。
(1)alarge/smallquantityof 大量/少量的
largequantitiesof大量的;许多的
(2)inquantity大量地
(3)qualityn.质量
①(朗文辞典)Yourworkhasimprovedinquantityandqualitythisterm.
本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高。
②Nowmanycompaniesaremoreconcernedwithqualitythanwithquantity.
现在很多公司对质量比对产量更重视。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Alargequantityofbeerwas__sold(sell)yesterday.
②—Whydoestheriveraroundthevillagesmellterrible?
—Becauselargequantitiesofwaterhave__been__polluted(pollute)already.
③Ifyoubuythisgoodsinquantity,wewillofferabetterpricetoyou.
(1)aquantityof或quantitiesof后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。
(2)“aquantityof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词与名词保持数的一致;而“quantitiesof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
不定式作表语
(教材P32)Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.
他认为,解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的大米,并且能更快地生产出来。
句中that引导宾语从句,宾语从句的主语是thekeytofeedingpeople,动词不定式短语tohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly作表语。
(1)不定式短语作表语,对主语进行解释说明,一般表示具体的动作,特别是将来的动作。
若主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时,作表语的不定式符号to往往省略。
(2)thekeyto...意为“……的关键”,其中to是介词,其后要跟名词、代词或动名词。
常与介词to搭配的名词:
answer,access,solution,approach,entrance,reply等。
①Myworkistocleantheroomandtocookforthemeveryday.
我的工作就是每天打扫房间并为他们做饭。
②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.
色彩是让你在房间感觉到你想要的感受的关键。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Theonlythingthatshewantstodonowis(to)__go(go)foraholiday.
②Thekeytosolving(solve)theunemploymentproblemisto__provide(provide)morejobs.
③a.Attheentrancetothebuildingstandsadoorkeeper.
b.Communicationisthesolution__tomisunderstanding.
[链接写作]——完成句子
④他做的第一件事是接受在大会上发言的邀请。
Thefirstthinghedidwas(to)__accept__the__invitationtospeakattheconference.
⑤如果你坚持足够长的时间,你就会发现那个问题的答案。
Ifyousticktoitlongenoughyoucanfindthe__answer__to__that__problem.
⑥解决污染的方法是减少车辆。
The__solution__to__pollutionistohavefewercars.
品句填词
1.Chaplinwasnotjustagenius;hewasalsooneofthemostinfluentialfigures(人物)infilmhistory.
2.Ourchildrenwasbeingeducated(教育)tobegreenineverythingtheydo.
3.Production(产量)ofcomputershasincreaseddoubleinthelastfewyears.
4.Weareveryproudofthehighquality(质量)ofourproduct.
5.Agriculture(农业)inthiscountryhasdevelopedgreatlyafterliberation.
6.Theshopkeepersaidhewouldreplace(更换)theTVsetifwewerenotsatisfied.
7.Thescientisthasmadeanotherbreakthrough(突破)inthisfield,whichisofgreatimportancetotheprogressofscience.
8.Heneedsahighincometosupport(供养)suchalargefamily.
单句改错
1.Mostparentsdevotealltheirlivestobringingintheirchildren.in→up
2.Thefloodcameaboutasaresulttheheavyspringrains.result后加of
3.Idon’tlikethewaywhichhespeakstohismother.which→that或在which前加in
4.Eatingbetterandeatinglesscouldbethekeytoavoidcancer.avoid→avoiding
5.Greatquantitiesofsandwaswasheddownthehillsidebytheheavyrain.was→were
课文语法填空
TheChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isa1.leading(lead)figureinthericegrowingworld.Hewasbornandbrought2.upinChina.Asaboyhe3.was__educated(educate)inmanyschools.Hestudiedagricultureincollege.After4.graduation/graduating(graduate)fromSouthwestAgricultureCollege,hehasdevoted5.himself(he)toagricultureeducationandresearcheversince.Hethoughtthatthekeyto6.feeding(feed)peoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceit7.more(much)quickly.
Aftermanyyears’hardwork,heproduced8.anewplantbycrossingdifferentspeciesofriceplant,9.whichcouldgiveahigheryieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants.Thisbreakthroughinricebreedinghasmadegreat10.contributions(contribute)totheworld.
单句语法填空
1.Themajorityofpeopleinthetownarestronglyinsupportoftheplantobuildaplaygroundforchildren.
2.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatthetrafficaccidentresultedfromthedriver’scarelessdriving.
3.Thefirstthinghedoesis(to)__finish(finish)hishomeworkafterschool.
4.Weareplanningtoreplacetheoldmachineswith/bysomenewones.
5.Uptonow,largequantitiesoffoodhave__been__sent(send)toAfricatosavethestarvingpeople.
6.Thekeytokeeping(keep)thiscountryacomfortableandcleanplacetoliveinisto__control(control)industrialpollution.
7.Theoldscientisthasmadeabreakthroughingrowingrice,whichwillfeedmorepeopleintheworld.
8.(2019·天津红桥区期中)Theprofessorthoughtthattheideatheyoungengineerbroughtupwasworthconsidering.
9.Iamreallyinterestedinhiswayto__study(study)English,whichishelpfultome.
10.Wecan’tfigureoutwhyquiteanumberofinsects,birdsandanimalsaredyingout.
阅读理解
A
MostofusknowabouttheNobelPrize,especiallytheNobelPeacePrize,butfewofusknowanythingaboutthemanwhosetthemup.HisnamewasAlfredNobel.Hewasagreatscientistandinventorhimself.Besides,hehadabigbusiness.Hisbusinessmaysurpriseyou.Hemadeandsoldexplosives.Hiscompaniesevenmadeandsoldweapons.Isn’tthissomethingthatsurprisesyou?
ThemanwhomademoneyfromweaponsshouldsetupthePeacePrize?
ThoughAlfredNobelhadalotofmoneyfromweapons,hehatedwar.Hehopedthattherewouldbenowarintheworld.HewasoneoftherichestinEurope.Whenhediedin1896,heletbehindhimalotofmoneyandhisfamouswill.Accordingtohiswill,mostofhismoneywasplacedinafund.Hewantedt
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