英语专业本科论文《茶花女》.docx
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英语专业本科论文《茶花女》.docx
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英语专业本科论文《茶花女》
英语专业本科论文《茶花女》
英语专业本科论文《茶花女》`AnAnalysisonMale-centeredConsciousnessinTheLadyoftheCamelliasAcknowledgementInwritingthisthesis,Ihavebenefitedfromthepresenceofmyteachersandmyclassmates.TheygenerouslyhelpedmecollectmaterialsIneededandmademanyinvaluablesuggestions.Iherebyextendmygratefulthankstothemfortheirkindhelp,withoutwhichthepaperwouldnothavebeenwhatitis.Particularly,IamdeeplyindebtedtoChenKe,whoguidedmethroughoutmywritingofthisthesis.Shecarefullyreadthewholedraftandofferedpainstakingandpreciouscriticism.Herstandardsofacademicexcellencehavemademyrevisionanexcitingandgratifyingexperience.Furthermore,noneofthiswouldhavebeenpossiblewithoutthehelpofthoseindividualsandorganizationshereaftermentionedwithgratitude:
theForeignLanguageDepartment,theUniversityLibraryanditsstaff.AnAnalysisonMale-centeredConsciousnessinTheLadyoftheCamelliasAbstractTheLadyoftheCamelliaswasamasterpieceofworldliteratureandevenwaspresentedonthestageformanytimes.Andasweallknow,TheLadyoftheCamelliaswasthefirstforeignnovelthatenteredourcountry.ItplayedanimportantroleinmodernChineseliterature.ItwasatragiclovestorybetweenMargueriteGautier,aprostituteandayoungbourgeois,ArmandDuval.Margueritewasnotonlyaprostitutebutalsoabeautifulgirlwithpureheart.Shesacrificedeverythingshehadforlove,evenherownlife.ThisessayanalyzedthetragicstoryofTheLadyoftheCamelliasfromtheprospectiveofmale-centeredconsciousness.Thepaperisdividedintofourparts:
thefirstpartintroducestheauthor,thewritingbackground,storyitself,andotherbasicinformation;thesecondpartintroducesthegendertheoryandmale-centeredconsciousnesswhichbelongstoit;thethirdpartanalyzesthedominationofAlexandreDumasFils’smale-centeredconsciousnessontheNovelfromdifferentaspects,suchasheroine’sidentity,character,lifeexperience,indication,women’sthoughts,theunevenrelationshipbetweenwomanandman,theauthor’snarrativetechnique;thefourthpartsumsupthepaperandputsforwarditspracticalsignificance.Thetragicendingoftheheroinewasduetoamultitudeofreasons.Butthemainreasonshouldbethedominationofmale-centeredconsciousnessonthesocietyandpeople’sthought.Weshouldrealizethatthemale-centeredconsciousnessimpactednotonlyliteratureworksbutalsoeveryaspectsofpeople’slife.KeyWords:
Gendertheory;Male-centeredConsciousness;TheLadyoftheCamellias摘要《茶花女》是法国亚历山大·小仲马的代表作,是一部世界文学经典,曾被多次搬上舞台银幕。
这是部凝聚永恒爱情的小说,以女主人公玛格丽特的生活经历为主线,真实细致地描写了一位外表与内心都像白茶花那样纯洁美丽的巴黎风尘女子,为了自己不被认同的爱情而被命运遗弃。
众所周知,《茶花女》是第一部翻译过来的外国小说,在我国的近代文学史上也有举足轻重的地位。
本文将以《茶花女》为研究对象,从男性中心意识的角度解读茶花女的悲剧故事。
论文的第一部分主要包括小说的背景知识,其中包括亚历山大·小仲马生平,作品简介以及写作历史背景知识。
第二部分主要介绍性别理论及其包括的男性中心意识。
第三部分具体解读亚历山大·小仲马的男性中心意识在小说女主角性格、身份、社会经历及女主角的象征物——茶花、女性思维、社会男女对等问题以及作者叙事策略等方面的体现。
最后,对小仲马及《茶花女》进行总结性的评价以及点出本文对现代人的启示。
小说中女主角的悲剧是多方面造成的,其中历史上长期存在的男性意识为主导的社会及人们的思想是其中一个主要原因,从这个角度来看茶花女的悲剧是必然的。
人们应意识到长久以来存在的男性中心思想不仅体现在文学作品中而且还渗透入人们生活和社会的各个方面.关键词:
性别论;男性中心意识;茶花女TableofContentsChapterPage1Introduction11.1TheIntroductiontotheAuthor11.2TheIntroductiontotheBackground11.2.1Socialbackground11.2.2Novel’sbackground22OverviewofGendertheory42.1GenderTheory42.1.1Gendertheoryinforeignarea42.1.2GendertheoryinChina42.2Male-centeredconsciousness53TheDominationofMale-centeredConsciousnessontheNovel63.1TheDominationofMale-centeredConsciousnessontheHeroine63.1.1Heroine’ssocialidentity63.1.2Heroine’scharacter73.1.3Heroine’slifeexperience83.1.4Heroine’ssymbol93.2TheDominationofMale-centeredConsciousnessonSocialCulture93.2.1Women’sthoughts93.2.2Theunevenrelationshipbetweenwomanandman103.3TheDominationofMale-centeredConsciousnessonPlotSetting114Conclusion14Bibliography161AnAnalysisonMale-centeredConsciousnessinTheLadyoftheCamelliasChapter1Introduction1.1TheIntroductiontotheAuthorAlexandreDumasFils(1824-1895),anoutstandingwriterandplaywright.HewasasonofAlexandreDumas,borninParis,France,andhewasalsotheillegitimatechildofadressmaker.Whenhewasseven,hisfatherlegallyrecognizedhimandmadesurethathereceivedthebesteducation,butstilldidnotrecognizeAlexandreDumasFils’motherashiswife.AlexandreDumasFilssufferedalotinhisearlierschoollifebecauseofhisillegitimacy.Thecrueltauntsandmalevolenceofhiscompanionsrankledthroughlife,andleftindeliblemarksonhispersonality.Hismother’sagonyinspiredDumasFilstowriteabouttragicwomen.MostthemesofAlexandreDumasFilswerewomen,marriageandfamilyproblems.Hisnoveltrulyreflectedthelifeofthecapitalistsocietyandemphasizedtheimportanceofmoralvalues.TheLadyofCamelliaswasthebeginningofhisfameanditwasalsohismasterpiecewhichdenouncedthehypocrisyofbourgeoismoralityandalsoreflectedthetruthofthehuman,toleranceandrespectbetweenpeople,andtheloveofhumanity.Suchthoughtsandfeelingsresonatewithdifferentpeoplesotheyaregenerallywelcomed.1.2TheIntroductiontotheBackground1.2.1SocialbackgroundThestoryhappenedinTheJulyMonarchy.ThearistocracyheldtheFrenchruleofpower.Thesocialconflictswereextremelyacute.Freecompetitionruinedsomepeopleandhelpedsomepeoplemakeagreatfortune.Theformerlivedaluxuriouslifebutthelatterlivedavagrantlife.Countrygirlcamefromhometothecity,suchasMarguerite,justbegantobechasedbybourgeoisieswhospentbillionsofdollarsandlivedaluxuriouslife.Inthatkindofsociety,moneywaseverything,eventheinterpersonalrelationswasmeasuredinmonetary.Thesebeautifulyoungwomenweretreatedasplaythings,butwhentheybecomeold,theywouldbecold-shoulderedaside,thustheybecamethevictimofsociety.Margueritesaid:
“Ourlivesarenolongerourown.Wearen’thumanbeing,butthings.Werankfirstintheirprideandlastintheirgoodopinion“(TheLadyoftheCamellias,2005,p.105).Thiscomplaintwasofbloodandtears.Thiswasatragictotheprostitute,Marguerite,andalltheotherpeoplefromunderclass.Thousandsofyearsoftraditionalmale-dominatedsociety,womenhadbeenlivinginthebottomofsociety.Theydidnothavetherightstoparticipateinpolitic.Theyhadnorighttobeeducated,norighttoparticipateinsociallife,andnoabilitytodetermineitsowndestiny.Inthiskindofsociety,menhadalltheauthorityofthepositioninthepolitical,economic,legal,religious,educational,military,familyareaandsoon.1.2.2Novel’sbackgroundTheLadyoftheCamelliastoldusalovestorybetweenMargueriteGautier,aprostituteandArmandDuval,abourgeoisie.ArmandfellinlovewithMargueriteandultimatelybecameherlover,convincinghertoturnherbackonheroldlifeandlivewithhiminthecountryside.ThenArmandsfathershowedupandruinedtheirlife.Armandsfatherworriedthatthescandalcreatedbytheillicitrelationshipmaydestroyhisdaughterschanceofmarriage,soheconvincedMargueritetoleaveArmand.NeverthelessArmanddidn’tknowthetruth.Instead,ArmandthoughtthatMargueritebetrayedhim.SoArmandhurtherfeelingsineverywayhecould.Ultimately,MargueritepassedawaywithherlovetoArmand.WhenArmandfinallyfoundoutthetruth,itwasalreadytoolate.Armandlivedwithregretintherestofhislife.Theauthorusedthetechniqueofflashbacktobeginthewholestory.Firstly,thenovelgaveusthedeathoftheheroine,andthenittoldusthestoryfromtheverybeginning.Inthisway,thewholestorybecamemorevividandappealing.Withthetechnique,theauthoralsocreatedafeelingofsuspenseandmadethestorywell-structured.Ingeneral,thelanguagestyleoftheladyofcamelliaswasquietnaturalandrealistic.Thewholenovelhadastrongsenseoflyricandfluentlanguage.Chapter2OverviewofGendertheory2.1GenderTheory2.1.1GendertheoryinforeignareaSimonedeBeauvoirpublishedTheSecondSexintheyearof1949.Sincethen,TheSecondSexhasbeentranslatedintofortylanguagesandhasbecomealandmarkinthehistoryoffeminism.SimonedeBeauvoir(1998)claimedthatmanfundamentallyoppresswomanbycharacterizingthem,oneverylevel.Manoccupiestheroleoftheself,orsubjectandwomanistheobject,theother.Heisessential,absolute,andtranscendent.Sheisinessential,incomplete,andmutilated.Heextendsoutintotheworldtoimposehiswillonit,whereaswomanisdoomedtobetheimmanence,ortheinwardness.Hecreatesandinvents;shewaitsforhimtosaveher.ThisdistinctionisthebasisofallBeauvoir’sarguments.2.1.2GendertheoryinChinaLinHongclaims(2004)thatsincetheriseofthesecondwaveoffeminisminthe1970s,feministscholarshavechallengedtheexistingknowledge-system.Theynotonlyfoundthewomen’sabsenceinthissystembutalsosawthepatriarchalrelationofmale-centeredcultureintheprocessofknowledgeproductionandthebiasedandfallaciouspartofcommonsensewhichaffectedbythemale-centeredrelation.Theyhavedonealotofacademicresearch.Theycriticized,deconstructedandreconstructedthemale-dominatedculture.Inshort,theWesternfeministscholarssawgenderasaninstitution,apowerrelation.Thetheorytheybuiltupintheprocessofgenderanalysisgaveusalotofreferences.AfterthefoundingoftheNewChina,aseriesoflegislationandpolicieswereestablishedtoeliminatesexdiscrimination.Fromthatmomentwomenchangedtheirsocialstatus.Butthetraditionalgenderculturestillhadgreatinfluenceonourmodernlife.Mosttime,itp
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