《英语国家》12学习纲要.docx
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《英语国家》12学习纲要.docx
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《英语国家》12学习纲要
《英语国家概况》(1(2学习纲要
一、课程内容与基本要求
1.英国部分:
了解英国的国土构成、地理特征、政府机构、政治、历史、经济、文化、
外交、体育、教育,新闻媒体等概况,熟悉英国的社会问题,如住房、阶级、种族等情况。
2.澳大利亚部分:
了解澳大利亚的国土、人民、历史、政治、经济、文化和社会生活。
3.新西兰部分:
了解新西兰的自然地理、人民、历史、政治制度、教育和经济概况。
4.美国部分:
熟悉美国的起源,了解美国的政治制度、经济、宗教、文学、教育、社
会运动、社会问题、科学技术、体育、音乐和自然环境等情况。
5.加拿大部分:
了解加拿大的国土、人民、政府、政治、经济、文学,国际关系等情
况。
二、学习要点和考核目标
第一编英国概况TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandIntroduction:
TheUnitedKingdom
1.Acomplicatedcountrywithacomplicatedname
2.Theeffectsofitsimperialpast
3.AmemberoftheEuropeanUnion
4.Amultiracialsociety
5.Remarkableclass,regionalandeconomicaldifferences
6.SignificantroleofLondon
Chapter1:
GreatBritain
1.AculturalandeconomicdominanceofEngland
2.InvasionfromtheRomanempire
3.SettlementoftheAnglo-Saxons
4.WilliamtheConqueror
5.Parliament’sdominanceoverthethrone
6.PhysicalfeaturesofScotland
7.Aculturaldivisionbetweenhighlandandlowland
8.ThebattleofBannockburn
9.IndependenceofScotlandfor300years
10.UnionwithEnglandin1707
11.AstrongScottishidentity
12.AbriefintroductionofWales
13.Ahistoryofinvasions
14.Wale’sunificationwiththeUK
15.Campaignsforindependence
Chapter2:
NorthernIreland
1.PhysicalfeaturesofNorthernIreland
2.EconomyofNorthernIreland
3.TheHomeRuleBill
4.TheEasterRisingof1916
5.TheSinnFeinParty
6.ThereligiousconflictsbetweentheIrishandtheBritish
7.ApartitionofIrelandin1921
8.CivilRightsMovement
9.ThepresenceofBritishsoldiersonNorthernIrelandsince1969
10.IRA’sviolenceinthe1970s
11.BloodySunday
12.Thecollapseofthepower-sharing
13.CooperationbetweentheBritishandIrishgovernments
Chapter3:
TheGovernmentoftheUnitedKingdom
1.KingEgbert
2.Divinerightofkings
3.Thecivilwar
4.CharlesI
5.Roundheads
6.MagnaCarta
7.TheGreatCouncil
8.WilliamofOrange
9.TheBillofRightsof1689
10.TheCabinet
11.Theprimeminister
12.GeorgeI
13.TheConstitution
14.ThepowerandthefunctionsoftheParliament
15.Therolesofthemonarch
16.ThehouseofLords
17.Lifepeers
18.TheHouseofCommons
Chapter4:
Politics
1.Theimportanceofgeneralelections
2.Theformationofthegovernment
3.Voteofnoconfidence
4.Theelectoralcampaigns
5.Theprocedureofgeneralelections
6.TheConservativepartyandtheLabourparty
7.TheLiberalDemocrats
8.TheNationalHealthService
9.MargaretThatcher
10.JohnMajor
11.TonyBlair
Chapter5:
TheUKEconomy
1.Theprivatizationinthe1980s
2.ThemainsectorsoftheUKeconomy
3.Primaryindustries
4.Secondaryindustries
5.Tertiary/serviceindustries
6.Agriculture
7.Energyproduction
8.Theoffshoreoilindustries
9.Themanufacturingindustry
10.ThecityofLondon
11.TheLondonStockExchange
12.Theaerospaceindustry
13.Concorde
Chapter6:
BritishLiterature
1.EarlyBritishliteratureconcernedwithChristianity
2.Beowulf
3.TheCanterburyTalesbyGeoffreyChaucer
4.ThestoriesofKingArthurandhisknights
5.ThedevelopmentofdramaintheRenaissance
6.WilliamShakespear
7.CharacteristicsoftheRomancewritersinthe19thcentury
8.TheBrontes
9.CharlesDickens
10.SirWalterScott
11.RobertLouisStevenson
12.Characteristicsofthetwentiethcenturyliterature
13.Modernism
14.Postmodernism
15.JosephConrad
16.VirginiaWoolf
17.D.H.Lawrence
18.E.M.Foster
19.GeorgeOrwell
20.JohnFowles
Chapter7:
SportsinBritain
1.PopularsportsinBritain
2.TheFAandtheFACup
3.Wimbledon
4.Equestrianism
5.TheGrandNational
6.TheRoyalAscot
7.Huntsaboteurs
Chapter8:
BritishHolidaysandFestivals
1.Christmasanditstraditions
2.TheBoxingDayanditstraditions
3.Easter
4.Ramadan
5.TroopingtheColour
6.BonfireNight(GuyFawkesNightandthetraditions
7.Hogmanay
8.Halloweenandthetraditions
Chapter9:
BritishEducationSystem
1.ThepurposeoftheBritisheducationsystem
2.Therelationshipbetweeneducationandsocialclass
3.Theinfluenceofthechurchonschooling
4.Comprehensiveschool
5.Grammarschool
6.ThenationalCurriculum
7.Publicschool
8.OpenUniversity
Chapter10:
BritishSociety:
Housing,ClassandRace
1.Owner-occupation
2.FourmaintypesofBritishhome
3.ClasssystemintheBritishsociety
4.Uppermiddle-classandlowermiddle-class
5.Thehereditaryaristocracy
6.Oxbridge
7.Lifepeers
8.EthnicrelationsinBritain
Chapter11:
BritishForeignRelations
1.ActiveinsettinguptheUnitedNations
2.Foreignpolicyinfluencedbyitshistoryandgeopoliticaltraits
3.Aparliamentarydemocracy
4.Relationswithothercountriesandorganizations
Chapter12:
TheBritishMedia
1.Popularityandfunctionsofthemedia
2.Britishmainnewspapers
3.Thetabloids
4.Thebroadcastmedia
第二编澳大利亚概况Australia
1.Land,peopleandhistory
2.Thepoliticallife
3.Economy
4.Theculturalandsociallife
第三编新西兰概况NewZealand
1.Land,peopleandhistory
2.Politicalsystem,educationandeconomy
第四编美国概况TheUnitedStatesofAmerica
Chapter1:
AmericanBeginnings
1.TwoimmigrationmovementstotheAmericas
2.AmericanIndians
3.DiscoveryofAmerica
4.TheheritageofthesettlementofVirginia
5.TheinfluenceofPuritanismonAmericanculture
6.LordBaltimoreandhisfeudalplan
7.Quakerism
8.TheheritageoftheHolyExperimentinAmericanculture
9.ThecausesandmajorleadersoftheAmericanRevolution
10.TheDeclarationofIndependence
Chapter2:
ThePoliticalSystemintheUnitedStates
1.TheArticlesofConfederation
2.ThemakingoftheUSConstitution
3.Thethreebranchesofthefederalgovernments
1.4.Checksandbalances
5.TheBillofRights
6.Politicalparties
Chapter3:
AmericanEconomy
1.SamuelSlater
2.EliWhitney
3.IndustrialRevolutioninAmerica
4.Corporation
5.Serviceindustries
6.Stock
7.Agribusiness
8.Migrantworkers
Chapter4:
ReligionintheUnitedStates
1.Americanhistoryandreligiousliberty
2.TheUSConstitutionandreligion
3.ProtestantsandCatholicsintheUS
4.Religiousdiversity
5.CharacteristicsofAmericanreligiousbeliefs
Chapter5:
AmericanLiterature
1.FamouswritersintheUSandtheirmajorworks
2.Transcendentalists
3.Thenaturalists
4.The“ModernMovement”inpoetry
5.The“LostGeneration”
6.TheHarlemRenaissance
7.The“BeatGeneration”
8.Blackwritersandwomenwriters
Chapter6:
EducationintheUnitedStates
1.Thegoalofeducation
2.Differenteducationallawsfordifferentstates
3.Severallevelsofschooling
4.curriculaforstudents
5.Thecomplexsystemofhighereducation
6.Varietiesofcollegesanduniversities
7.Trendsindegreeprograms
8.TheServicemen’sReadjustmentAct
9.Affirmativeactionprograms
10.nontraditionalstudents
Chapter7:
SocialMovementsofthe1960s
1.Greensboro“sit-in”
2.TheCivilRightsMovement
3.MartinLutherKing,jr.
4.TheAnti-warMovement
5.FreeSpeechMovement
6.TheCounterCulture
7.Women’sLiberationMovement
Chapter8:
SocialProblemsintheUnitedStates
1.Racialproblems
2.Theblack“underclass”
3.Poverty,drugabuseandcrime
4.TheabuseofpowerbygovernmentandcorporationsChapter9:
TechnologyinAmerica
1.Americansystemofproduction
2.JohnHHill
3.CyrusHMcCormickandmechanicalreaper
4.TheStevens
5.SamuelFBMorse
6.ThePonyExpressSystem
7.AlexanderGrahamBell
8.ThomasAlvaEdison
9.FrederickWinslowTaylor
10.HenryFord
11.RobertHutchingsGoddard
12.Householdinventionsinmid-20thcentury
13.TelevisionandPC
14.Useofnuclearenergy
Chapter10:
ScenicAmerica
1.TheGrandCanyon
2.YellowstoneNationalPark
3.Disneyland
4.TheNationalMonument
5.TheGulfofMexico
6.TheEverglades
7.NiagaraFalls
Chapter11.SportsinAmerica
1.SuperBowl
2.AFC
3.4.5.6.7.NFCTheNationalLeagueandtheAmericanLeagueHomerunNBAEastDivisionandWestDivisionChapter12:
EarlyAmericanJazz1.Jazzmusic2.NewOrleansjazz3.LouisArmstrong4.Ragtimemusic5.CountBasie6.BoogieWoogie第五编1.2.3.4.5.加拿大概况CanadaThecountryanditspeopleThegovernmentandpoliticsTheCanadianeconomyCanadianliteratureInternationalrelations
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