高中英语句法大全简单句和并列句.docx
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高中英语句法大全简单句和并列句.docx
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高中英语句法大全简单句和并列句
高中英语句法大全-简单句和并列句
句子的种类概说
1.按使用目的,句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1)陈述句(DeclarativeSentences):
说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
例如:
Lighttravelsfasterthansound. 光比声传播速度快。
(说明事实)
Thefilmisratherboring. 这部电影很乏味。
(说明看法)
2)疑问句(InterrogativeSentences):
提出问题。
有以下四种:
a.一般疑问句(GeneralQuestions):
Canyoufinishtheworkintime?
你能按时完成工作吗?
b.特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions):
Wheredoyoulive?
你住那儿?
c.选择疑问句(AlternativeQuestions):
Doyouwantteaorcoffee?
你是要茶还是要咖啡?
d.反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):
Hedoesn'tknowher,doeshe?
他不认识她,对不对?
3)祈使句(ImperativeSentences):
提出请求,建议或发出命令。
例如:
Don'tbenervous!
别紧张!
4)感叹句(ExclamatorySentences):
表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。
例如:
Whatgoodnewsitis!
多好的消息啊!
2.句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:
1)简单句(SimpleSentences):
只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。
例如:
Sheisfondofcollectingstamps. 她喜欢集邮。
2)并列句(CompoundSentences):
包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。
例如:
Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。
3)复合句(ComplexSentences):
包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导。
例如:
Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了。
3.基本句型:
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:
1)主+动(SV)例如:
Iwork. 我工作。
2)主+动+表(SVP)例如:
Johnisbusy. 约翰忙。
3)主+动+宾(SVO)例如:
ShestudiesEnglish. 她学英语。
4)主+动+宾+补(SVOC)例如:
Timewouldprovemeright.时间会证明我是对的。
5)主+动+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd)例如:
Mymothermademeanewdress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
简单句和并列句
一.概念
(一)简单句
由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句,其结构是主语+谓语。
(二)并列句
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。
其结构是:
简单句+并列连词+简单句
常用的连词有and,but,ornotonly...butalso,neither...nor,either...or
二.相关知识点精讲
(一)简单句
1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。
and连接两个并列主语时为复数,谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式,但:
(1)如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词,若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念,谓语动词要用单数;如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念,谓语动词则要用复数。
(2)如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词,前一个有冠词,后一个没有冠词,意味着一个人或事物,谓语动词要用单数。
(3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each,every,manya,no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略),谓语动词要用单数。
2.陈述句与疑问句的转换。
3.选择疑问句。
4.反意疑问句。
(1)陈述句+省略问句
(2)祈使句+附加疑问句
(3)反意疑问句的回答
(二)并列句
并列句分为:
联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句
1.联合并列句常由并列词and,notonly…butalso…..等连接
如:
Useyourhand,andyou’llfindaway.
2.转折并列句常由并列连词but,while,yet,whereas,nevertheless等连接
如:
IwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.
3.选择疑问句常由并列连词or,otherwise,either…or…,等连接
如:
EitheryouleavethishouseorI’llcallthepolice
4.因果并列句由并列连词so,for,therefore等连接.
如:
itwaslate,sowewenthome.
5.在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and或or去掉.
如:
Hurryup,andwe’llbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,we’llbethereintime.
6.because和so;although,though和but不能连用
三.巩固练习
1.Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,___?
A.doI B.don’tI C.willthey D.won’tthey
2.___helpifyoucan,andourcountrywillimprove
morequicklyandbetter.
A.Giving B.Give C.Given D.Togive
3.——Lucy,youwashthedishes,___?
——Mom,can’tLilydoit?
It’sherturntodoit.
A.don’tyou B.canyou C.shallyou D.willyou
4.——Iwillnottakeanumbrellawithmetoday.
—_____itrainslateronintheday?
A.How B.What C.Howabout D.Whatif
5.——Yououghttostayuplatetonight,____you?
——Yes.I’vegottoomuchhomework.
A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.won’t
6.Nothingcanstopusfromservingthepeopleheartandsoul,____?
A.canit B.can’tit C.canthey D.can’tthey
7.Thereusedtobeachurchinthesmalltown,_____?
A.usedthere B.usedn’tthere
C.usedit D.usedn’tit
8.——Sheisn’tyourneighbour, isshe?
——_______.
A.Yes,sheisn’t B.No,sheis
C.Yes,sheis D.No,isn’tshe
9.——______tobeaPLAsoldierwhenIwasyoung.
——Andnowyouare.
A.HowIwanted B.HowdidIwant
C.WhatIwanted D.WhatdidIwant
10.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,____wasveryreasonable.
A.whichprice B.thepriceofwhich
C.itsprice D.thepriceofthat
11.Aftertenyears,shechangedalotandlookeddifferentfrom___sheusedtobe.
A.that B.whom C.what D.who
12.____isknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.It B.As C.That D.What
13.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation___heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.where B.which C.while D.why
14.Informationhasbeenputforward___moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
A.while B.that C.when D.as
15.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.
A.when B.how C.whether D.what
16.Thestudentsofthemusicschoolstudy____.
A.musicbutalsosomeothersubjects
B.someothersubjectsaswellasmusic
C.musicaswellassomeothersubjects
D.someothersubjectsandmusic
17.___airistoman,soiswatertofish.
A.Since B.Just C.Like D.As
18.Thereisplentyofraininthesouth__thereislittleinthenorth.
A.while B.as C.when D.so
19.___severaltimesaboutit,buthecouldnotgivethecorrectanswer.
A.Beingasked B.Havingbeenasked
C.Hewouldask D.Hehadbeenasked
20.——Idon’tlikechicken___fish.
——Idon’tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch.
A.and;and B.and;but C.or;but D.or;and
21.___thedayswenton,thesituationtheregotworse.
A.With B.Since C.While D.As
22.___everybodyishere,let’ssetoutrightaway.
A.Nowthat B.Because C.For D.After
23.Thescienceofmedicine,___progresshasbeenveryrapidlately,isperhapsthemostimportantofallthesciences.
A.towhich B.inwhich C.which D.withwhich
24.Wemustdotheexperimentcarefully___MissLiutoldus.
A.what B.since C.as D.while
25.Tonywillneverforgetthesedays___shelivedinChinawithhermother,___hasagreateffectonherlife.
A.that;which B.when;which
C.which;that D.when;that
26.___Iknow,theywillgotoBeijingtowatchtheOlympicGamesin2008.
A.Since B.Sofaras C.Incase D.Asif
27.Whodoyouthinkthedoctorwillhave___first,JohnorKate?
A.examine B.toexamine
C.examining D.examined
28.——Whatareyouanxiousabout?
——_____.
A.Whetherwecansucceed B.Ifwesucceed
C.Dowesucceed D.Thatwecansucceed
29.Youshouldputthedictionary___youcanfinditeasily.
A.where B.theplace
C.theplaceonwhich D.what
30.Shesaidtome,“I’lltellyoutheresultofthetest___Iknowit.”
A.because B.themoment C.after D.though
31.Grandpausedtotellussomethingaboutthe“CulturalRevolution”___hehadtimetospare.
A.assoonas B.as C.sothat D.whenever
32.LiFangisverybusy,___she’salwayshelpingotherswiththeirlessons.
A.but B.although C.so D.for
33.Gettingarightjobcanbedifficult___thestudents___preparedtodealwiththejobinterview.
A.if;won’t B.unless;will
C.unless;are D.if;are
34.Everythingdependson__theywillsupportyouaboutit.
A.if B.which C.whether D.that
35.Shewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestand___surprizedus.
A.which B.it C.as D.who
36.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizes__offeredtoanyChineseactororactresssofar.
A.whichisnot B.thathavenotbeen
C.thathasnot D.thathasnotbeen
37.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,___ofgreatimportancetoscience.
A.whichIthinkis B.whichIthinkitis
C.whichIthinkit D.Ithinkis
38.It’sreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,___thebabywillfallintothewell.
A.or B.so C.but D.and
39.SheisAmerican,___sheknowslittleaboutAmericanhistory.
A.so B.yet C.and D.therefore
40.Informationtechnologyistaughtinmostschools,___wehaveenteredtheinformationsociety.
A.so B.while C.still D.for
41.——Helenmustobeyherparents.
——Oh,shemust,__?
A.mustshe B.mustn’tshe
C.shouldn’tshe D.shouldshe
42.Johnmustbeinthechemistrylab,___?
A.mustn’the B.needn’the
C.isn’the D.shouldn’the
43.Itwasquitealongtime___Imadeitoutwhathadhappened.
A.after B.before C.when D.since
44.__thetextasecondtime,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou.
A.Read B.Reading
C.Ifreading D.Whenyouread
45.___doeshedohisworkwell,___hehelpsotherswiththeirwork.
A.Notonly;butalso B.Neither;nor
C.Either;or D.Both;and
46.__,sohedidn’tcometoschoollastweek.
A.Thoughhewasill B.Beingill
C.Havingbeenill D.Hewasill
47.Shetriedeveryway___shecouldfindtosolvetheproblem.
A.how B.inwhich C.that D.which
48.Lilyhassomeidea___she’sgoingtobewhenshegrowsup.
A.what B.that C.as D.which
49.Toplayfairisasimportantas____,Ithink.
A.toplaywell B.playwell
C.weplaywell D.playingwell
50.___yougo,youshouldbearthemotherlandinmind.
A.Where B.Whenever
C.However D.Wherever
四.答案
1-10CBDDBABCAB 11-20CBABCBDADC
21-30DABCBBDAAB 31-40DACCBBADBD 41-50ACBDADC
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