应用文写作.docx
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应用文写作.docx
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应用文写作
应用文写作
应用文写作主要考察考生能否把握题目要求,抓住信息点,将之拓展为文章。
考生应掌握各种应用文写作基本要求、语言的正式性和非正式性区别以及上下文的关联,另外,在语法结构和词汇的多样性方面也应该根据具体试题作调整。
一般来讲,应用文应该遵循以下原则:
简洁:
语言简洁,开门见山,尽快传达重要信息
清楚:
条理清楚,逻辑严密,意图明确,不含糊其词
正确:
语法、句法、标点、事实、数字、日期等信息准确无误
礼貌:
尤其是书信,必须遵守交际规则
完整:
全面表达自己的意思,尽可能完整提供读者需要了解所有情况
应用文种类包括书信、便签、请柬、备忘录、摘要和通知等。
书信
书信是常用问题,包括公务信函和私人信件。
其中公务信函还包括推荐信、申请信、请求信等。
一般来讲公务信函要正式一些,礼节周到、表达严谨、概念清晰、措辞准确、篇幅简练,而私人信件则语气随便,但是信件内容要充实、表达条理清楚、给人以亲切感。
英文书信包括7个部分:
信头(heading),信内地址(insideaddress)、称呼(salutation)、正文(body)、结尾客套话(complementaryclosing)、签名(signature)
称呼
●私人信件称呼随便,通常以名(firstname)相称,正式信件则以姓(surname)相称,DearPro./Mr./Miss/Mrs./Ms.
●称呼后标点符号一般用逗号
●不明收信人性别,可用DearSirorMadam/DearGentleman/Lady
●不明收信人时,用Towhomitmayconcern
●称呼相同职业的收信人可用,Dearcolleague
正文
引言部分
IamwritingtoapplyforaplaceatyourschoolinSeptember,inordertostudyBusinessEnglishforaperiodofsixmonths.
IwouldbegladtoseeyourapartmentsinNewYorkwhichofferboardandlodgingtostudentsatreasonablerates.
IhavereadthepapersaboutadmissiontoChicagoUniversity,butIamnotsureoftheeducationalrequirements.
ThankyouforyourletterofJuly5th,andnowIunderstandthesituationbetter.
Thankyouforyourinquiryaboutthevacantroominmyflat.
InreplytoyourletterdatedMay4th,Iwanttosay
发展部分应该根据具体情况写得详细充实
Ihavejustreceivedyourlettertellingmeofyourmarriage.Thishappyeventinyourlifepromptsmetoreplyatonce,and,inmyownspecialway,toattempttoofferyoumyheartycongratulationsandgoodwishes.
结尾段一般比引言还要简短,一般只有一两句话
Idohopeyouwillbeabletorecommendmeaspecialflat.
Lookingforwardtoapromptreply
Welookforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.
Anyotherparticularswantedweshallbepleasedtosendyou.
Withbestwishes
Withloveandgoodwishes
Withkindregardstoyourfamily
Mykindestregardstoyourparents
Pleaseremembermekindlytoyourfamily
结束问候语
Affectionately
Love
Yours
Yourstruly
Yourssincerely/respectfully
Sincerelyyours
Respectfullyyours
Trulyyours
签名
感谢信
引入话题
Thankyouverymuch/eversomuch/indeed/fromthebottomofmyheartfor…
Pleaseacceptmysincere/profoundappreciationfor…
Iamthankful/obliged/greatlyindebtedtoyouforyourunselfishassistanceduring….
说明感谢事由
Iamwritingtoexpressmygratitudeforyourentertainmentduringmystayinyourhouse.Icannotforget…Ifeeldeeplymovedby…Iamsuretherewillbeagreatpleasureandbenefitforme.
Thankyouforthegiftyousentme.ItisoneofthemostwonderfulgiftsIhaveevergotonmybirthday.
Itissogenerousofyoutotakesomuchinterestinmywork
Itissokind/considerate/nicetogivemesomuchofyourtime
再次表示感谢
Pleaseacceptmymostcordialthanksforyourtimelyhelp,whichIwillneverforget
Again,Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmthankstoyou
Iappreciateyour…morethanIcansay
SampleWriting
DearSirorMadam,
IstayedatyourhospitalfromApril4to15.Iamwritingthislettertoextendmysincerethankstoyourmedicalstaff.
First,duringmystayatyourhospital,thedoctorsshowedgreatmedicalexpertiseandthankstotheirprofessionalspirit,myillnesshadbeencured.Second,thenursesinthewardroomshowedgreatpatienceandcaretome.TheyweresokindandconsideratethatIneverfelthelplessinhospital.
Pleaseallowmetoextendmybestwishestoallthedoctorsandnurses.Iwillalwaysremembertheirexcellentserviceandtelleveryonearoundhowkindtheyare.
Bestregardstoallofthem!
Sincerelyyours
LiMing
邀请信
发出邀请
Itismygreatpleasuretoextendaninvitationtoyoutoparticipatein…
Itgivesmethegreatestpleasuretoinviteyoutoparticipatein…
ItiswithgreatpleasurethatIwritetoinviteyouto…
说明事由
Wethoughtitwouldbepleasanttohavesomeofourfriendstocelebrateit
Therewillbeadinnerpartytobeheldat…
Wehavedecidedtoholdapartyinhonoroftheoccasionof…
Ihopethatyouhavenopreviousengagementandcanjoinusfor…
表示期待和感谢
Pleaseconfirmyourparticipationatyourearliestconvenience
Wouldyoupleaseletmeknowassoonaspossibleifyoucanacceptourinvitation?
Idohopeyouwillbeabletocome
Ihopethatyouwon’tdeclinemyinvitation
SampleWriting
DearTom,
Howareyougettingonrecently?
Iamwonderingifyouhavemadeadefiniteplanforthecomingsummerholiday.Ifnot,Iwishyoucouldvisitourcity.Myfamilyisalsogladtohaveyouasawelcomeguestinmyhome.
Myhometownisaverybeautifulseashorecity.Therearemanyplacesofinterestworthyofsightseeing.Besides,thelocalspecialfoodiswell-known.Don’tyoutellmeintheletterthatyouhavebeendreamingofthesea?
TheplacewhereIliveislocatednearthesea.Everydayyoucanwalkontheseashore,pickupseashellsandevenenjoyswimminginthesea.
Ilookforwardtoseeingyouinmyhometownassoonaspossible.
Yourssincerely
LiMing
申请信
引入话题
Intoday’snewspaperInoticedyouradvertisementfor…
Iwouldliketoapplyforthejob/post/positionadvertisedin…
Iwouldliketobeconsideredasacandidateforthejob/post/positionadvertisedin…
Ihavelearnedthatyouarehiring…
Ithascometomyattentionthatthepositionof…isnowopen
表示动机和期望
Ifmyapplicationissuccessful,Iwouldliketo…
Iamavailableforapersonalinterviewifyouwereinterestedinmyapplication
Iwouldappreciateaninterviewatyourconvenience
表示申请人素质和经历
IfeelIamqualifiedfor…forthefollowingreasons
Ihaveexperienceof…,thereforeImayhavetheabilityyouarelookingfor
Myinterestandskillin…contributetomyqualificationforthisjob
SampleWriting
DearSirorMadam,
IhappenedtoreadfromthatyouarelookingforanEnglishteacher.Iamwritingtoapplyfortheposition.
IfeelIamqualifiedforthejobopeningforthefollowingreasons.First,asEnglishmajorIstartedmyworkinamiddleschool.Second,Ihavegainedwideteachingexperienceinlisteningandspeaking,which,Ibelieve,willbehelpfulformyapplicationforthejobatyourschool.Lastbutnottheleast,Ihavegreatpatienceandastrongsenseofresponsibilityintheteachingpractice.
IsincerelyhopethatIcanhavethehonortoworkinyouresteemedschool.Lookforwardtoyourpromptreply.
Sincerelyyours
LiMing
道歉信
表示歉意
Imustapologizetoyouformyfailingto…
Iamterribly/awfullysorrythat…
IregrettoinformyouthatIcannot/amunableto…
Hereismydeepestapologyfor…
说明理由承认错误
Itisinconsiderate/thoughtlessofmeto…
IamafraidthatwhatIhavedonehasalreadybroughtyoumuchinconvenience
IhopethatyoucouldunderstandIoffendedyouunintentionally
提出弥补建议
Iwouldliketomakeupforthedamagecaused
WouldyoumindifIchangetheappointment/ifwemakeanotherappointmentat…
Woulditbeconvenientforyouif…?
再次请求原谅
Willyoupleaseacceptmyapology?
Ihopethatourrelationcanweatherthismisunderstanding
Isincerelyhopethatyouwillkindlyacceptmyapologies
Iamsosorrytohaveputyouinsomuchtrouble
Pleaseacceptmyapologyfor…onceagain
SampleWriting
DearProfessorWu,
IamwritingtoapologizefornotturninginmyoutlineofB.A.thesisontime.Iamtrulysorrytohavecausedyouthetrouble.
Iknownoexcusecanjustifymylatesubmission,yetstillIwouldliketoexplainthesituation.MycomputerbrokedownlastMondayandallmyresearchmaterialsweregone,soIhadtodoitalloveragain.ThusIfailedtohandinmyoutlinedueyesterday.
Awareofmynegligence,Ipromisetobackupmyfilesinthefutureandthatsuchthingsshallneverhappenagain.AttachedismyoutlineandIamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.
Yourssincerely
LiMing
投诉信
提出抱怨
Iamwritingtoyoutocomplainabout…
Iamwritingtoexpressmydissatisfactionwith…
IamsorrytotroubleyoubutIamafraidthatIhavetomakeaseriouscomplaintabout…
Ireallyhatetocomplain,butonethingisreallydisturbingnow
说明事由
Iamcompletelydisappointedtofindthat…
Frankly,Iamnolongerpreparedtoputupwiththesituation
Therearesomeproblemswith…thatIwishtobringtoyourattention
ThenoisedisturbsmystudyandIcannotconcentrateonmybooks.Asaresult,
提出解决意见
Inordertoreversethesituation,itisadvisable/desirable/recommended/suggestedthat…
Toimprovethesituation,Irequireyoutorefund/repair/takethefollowingmeasures
Webelievethatyouwilltakethismatterseriouslyandmakeeveryeffortto…
敦促采取措施
Ithinkitishightime…
Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldlookintothismatterassoonaspossible
Imustwarnyouthatunlessyoutakethismatterseriouslyandtakesomepromptmeasurestocorrectthesituation,Iwillbeforcedtotakelegalactions
AndIreservemyrighttoclaimaboutyou
Ifthereisnoreply,IwilltakemycomplainttotheConsumersAssociation
SampleWriting
DearSirorMadam,
IstayedatyourhotelfromAugust25to28.Iamwritingtocomplainaboutthepoorserviceatthehotel.Iwouldbepleasedifyoucouldgivemeaswiftresponse.
First,whenIarrivedatthehotel,theroomIreservedwasn’tcleaned.SoIwaskeptatthelobbyfortwohoursbeforeIcouldputmybaggagethere.Second,thetelephoneinmyroomdidn’twork.AlthoughIreportedittothehotelseveraltimes,itwasn’trepaireduntilIcheckedout.Hadthehotelstaffbeenmoreresponsiblefortheirjobs,thehotelwouldhaverunbetter.
Ihopethatyoucouldlookintothismatterandsomemeasurescouldbetakentopreventsuchunpleasantsituationfromhappeninginafive-starhotel.Lookforwardtoyourreply.
Sincerelyyours
LiMing
祝贺信
表示祝贺
ItiswithgreatpleasurethatIhearofyoursuccess.Pleaseacceptmywarmestcongratulations
Permit/allowmetopresentmyheart-feltcongratulationstoyouon…
Iamdelighted
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