Introduction-to-Jane-Eyre.ppt
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Introduction-to-Jane-Eyre.ppt
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TheBrontSisters,Charlotte,1816-1855,Emily,1818-1848,Anne,1820-1849,Abriefbiography,TheywereborninYorkshire.In1820Mr.BrontmovedhisfamilytoHaworth,aremoteandgloomyvillageontheYorkshiremoors.DuringthefollowingyearsatHaworth,theyhadagreatdealoffreedomtoexplorethesurroundingcountryside.AlltheBrontscribbledpoetrysecretly.In1846theypublishedtheirfirstandonlypoetryPoemsbytheauthorsnamedCurrer,EllisandActonBell(thepseudonymstheychoosepreservedtheirowninitials).However,theirpoetryprovedfailurewhichledallthreetobeginworkonnovels.,Brontscountry,Haworth,Brontsistersnovels,Charlotte:
JaneEyre(1847,byCurrerBell)Shirley(1849,byCurrerBell,雪莉)Villette(1853,维莱特)TheProfessor:
ATale(1857,herfirstwrittenbutlastpublished,男教师)Emily:
WutheringHeights(1847)Anne:
AgnesGrey(1847)TheTenantofWildfellHall(1848,怀德菲尔庄园的房客),Aboutthestruggleofsomeyoungmiddle-classwomanforindependence,equality,loveandahappylife.,JaneEyre,JaneEyre,JaneEyre,takingtheformofautobiographieswrittenbyauthoritativeandreliablenarratorstellsastoryofachildsdevelopmentandmaturation.Itspopularityandsuccessownsmuchtoitsexceptionalemotionalpower.DeepinsideJanewediscoverCharlottessoul.,Autobiographicalelements,1.HelenBurnssdeathrecallsthedeathofCharlottessistersatCowanBridge.2.Itisaworkofcriticalrealismaswellasthefirstandoneofthemostpopularworksoftheworkingmiddle-classwomen.3.JanesexperienceoriginatesfromCharlottesownexperience.ItisthefirstgovernessnovelinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.,JaneEyresdevelopment,Therearefivedistinctstagesofdevelopment,eachlinkedtoaparticularplace:
JaneschildhoodatGateshead,hereducationattheLowoodSchool,hertimeasAdelesgovernessatThornfield,hertimewiththeRiversfamilyatMoorHouse,andherreunionwithandmarriagetoRochesteratFerndean.,CharactersinJaneEyre,JaneEyre,EdwardRochester,RiversFamily,ReedFamily,Mrs.Fairfax,OtherCharacters,BerthaMason,OtherCharacters,JaneEyre,OurprotagonistGovernessatThornfieldCousintotheReedfamilyCousintotheRiversfamilyMarriesRochester,HowisJane?
(1),Janeisanorphanwhogrowsuplonelywithoutnobodycaringforher.Janeisasmall,plainandpoorgovernessofVictorianerainsteadoftherich,gentle,frail,beautiesoftheconventionalheroine.Janeonlyhasanintensefeeling,areadysympathyandastrongsenseofequalityandindependence.,HowisJane?
(2),Mostimportantly,Janedarestolovehermasterandmarrieshimopenlyindefianceofthesocialconventionandprejudices.ItmakesherasanentirelynewwomanintheeraofVictorian.Janeisaspiritedandintelligentwomantoacceptherappointedplaceinsocietywithunusualfranknessandwithapassionatesenseofthedignityandneedsofhersex.,EdwardRochester,JanesbossandloveGruffandrudeMadewealthybyfamilymoneyMarriedtoBerthaMasonBenefactortoAdleVarensVerysecretiveandsometimesdeceitful,RiversFamilyJanesCousins,JanesbenefactorswhensheleavesThornfieldSt.JohnMinisteratMorton,triestogetJanetobehismissionarywifeDianaandMarykindandindependentwomen,serveasrolemodelsforJane,discourageJanefrommarryingtheirbrother,governesses,ReedFamilyJanesCousins,UncleReedtheonlyReedtotreatJanewell,diedwhenJanewasyoungMrs.ReedJanescruelauntwhosendsJanetoLowood,incitestheRedRoomexperiencebypunishingJaneJohn,Eliza,andGeorgianaJanesspoiledcousins,rudeandselfish,theyeithertormentJaneorignoreher,BerthaMason,EdwardRochesterswifefromJamaicaBerthaislockedintheatticatThornfieldStartsthebedroomfire,andeventuallyburnsthehousedownKillsherselfinthehousefireExotic,sensualpersonificationoftheOrient,Mrs.Fairfax,HousekeeperatThornfieldServesasamotherfigure/rolemodelforJaneTellsJaneaboutGracePoole,andtheothersecretsofThornfieldandtheRochesters.,OtherCharacters,HelenBurnsJanesfriendatLowood,teacheshercharacter,diesinJanesarmsMr.BrocklehurstcruelanddishonestmasterofLowoodSchoolMissTempleJanesfavoriteteacher,positivefemalerolemodel/motherfigureBessieLeemaidatGateshead,treatsJanekindly,lifelongfriendofJanes,OtherCharactersCont.,GracePooleBerthasmysteriouskeeper,servesasBerthasscapegoatAdleVarensJanespupil,daughterofRochestersoldmistress,CeleneRichardMasonBerthasbrother,exposesthesecretmarriageBlancheIngramsocialiteafterRochestersmoney,oppositeofJaneJohnEyreJaneswealthyuncle,leavesherafortuneafterhisdeath,Themes,motifsandSymbols,Love,Conflicts&struggles,Empire,Fire&Ice,Religion,BerthaMason,RedRoom,Socialclassvs.equality,MotherFigures,Love,Janeisconstantlyinasearchforlove.SheissearchesforromanticloveinRochester,motherlylovethroughMissTemple,BessieLee,orMrs.Fairfax,andfriendshipthroughtheRiverssisters,HelenBurns,andRochester.Janessearchforlovemightstemfromthescornshefeltasachild,notjustforromanticlove,butalsoforasenseofbeingvalued,ofbelonging,Conflictsandstruggles,TheouterconflictsbetweenJaneandothers:
Appearance,status,wealth,educationandsoonTheinnerstrugglesinJane:
ReasonandemotionRealityandimaginationHerdependentpositionandherdesireforindependenceHeractualinferiorityandspiritualsuperiority,SocialClassvs.Equality,MuchofJaneschildhoodreinforcesherpositionasmemberof“lowerclass”(lifeatLowoodandMrs.Reedsattitude)DefinesherrelationshipwithMr.Rochester-Servantvs.Master-MarrieshisequalinpersonalitynotfortuneCompletereverseoffortuneatendofthestory,Religion,Religionplaysahugeroleinthisnovel.Throughoutthenovel,Janestrugglestofindtherightbalancebetweenmoraldutyandearthlypleasure,betweenobligationtoherspiritandattentiontoherbody.HelenBurnstaughtJaneaviewoffaithandGodthatshecouldunderstand.Mr.BrocklehurstsEvangelicalviewhadnegativeeffectsonJane,asdidSt.JohnRiversEmpiricalview.EventheoncecruelElizaReedjoinsaFrenchconvent.,Empire,WrittenduringtheVictorianErainEngland,JaneEyredepictsanegativeimageoftheEmpireandtheOrient.Thereisaconstantthreatoftheoutside(India,Ireland,Jamaica)thatfrightensJane.Bertha(astheantithesisofJane)istheperfectimageoftheOrient.,FireandIce,FirerepresentsJanespassions,anger,andspirit.FireisalsoametaphorforJane,asthenarrativerepeatedlyassociatesherwithimagesoffire,brightness,andwarmth.IcesymbolizestheoppressiveforcestryingtoextinguishJanesvitality.,MotherFigures,Inhersearchforlove,Janealsolooksforthemotherfigurethatmissedasachild.Janefindsthecharacteristicssheislookingforin:
BessieLeeMissTemple(“shehadstoodbymeinthesteadofmother,governess,andlatterly,companion”)(Chapter10)Mrs.FairfaxRiverssisters,BerthaMason,BerthaistheantithesisofJane.HerCreoleheritage,andsexualandsensualnaturepersonifytheOrient.Thispersonificationisemphasizedwithherwildnature,insanity,andevilacts.BerthaexpressesallthethingsthatthatJanemustkeeptoherself.,RedRoom,TheroomatGatesheadwhereUncleReeddied,andwhereJanewaslockeduptobepunished.ThispunishmenthauntedJanefortherestofherlife.MemoriesofthenightintheRedRoomoccurwhenJaneisatacrossroadsinherlife.,WritingStyleinJaneEyre,JaneEyreiswritteninthefirstperson(“I”)whichfunctionsasfollows:
1.indicatesthecharacteristicofautobiography.2.befavorabletorevealintense,fierceandsharpfeelingsdirectlyandpowerfully.3.providesafullandcompletethoughtsofthewholeeventandtheothercharactersfromtheangleofvisionofthenarrator.4.makestheworkconsistentandtendstogiveauthorityandcredibilitytothenarrative.,Theuseofverb,adjectiveandadverbreinforcesthestrengthofemotions.Itmakesthesentencemoreintenseandreflectsthesharpanguishandinnerstrugglesofthecharacters.Whilereading,wecanthelptemporarilyidentifyingourselveswiththecharacters.ItprovesespeciallyinJanesdeclaration.Thefollowingaretwoexamplesselectedfromchapter23,JaneEyre:
“要离开桑菲尔德,我感到忧伤,因为我爱桑菲尔德;我爱它,因为我在这里过了一段充实而愉快的生活,尽管是短暂的。
我没有被人踩在脚下。
我没有被吓倒。
我没有跟一些头脑迟钝的人一起遭到埋没,而且没有被排斥在同聪明、能干和崇高的人交往的圈子之外。
我曾经面对面地与我所敬重所喜爱的人,与一个有独到见解、充满活力而开朗的心灵促膝谈心。
我已经对您有所了解,罗切斯特先生,要我非得从您这里永远走开,我感到恐惧和痛苦。
我看到我非走不可,就仿佛看到我非死不可一样。
”第23章,戴侃译。
IgrievetoleaveThornfield:
IloveThornfield:
Iloveit,becauseIhavelivedinitafullanddelightfullife,momentarilyatleast.Ihavenotbeentrampledon.Ihavenotbeenpetrified.Ihavenotbeenburiedwithinferiorminds,andexcludedfromeveryglimpseofcommunionwithwhatisbrightandenergeticandhigh.Ihavetalked,facetoface,withwhatIreverence,withwhatIdelightin,withanoriginal,avigorous,anexpandedmind.Ihaveknownyou,Mr.Rochester;anditstrikesmewithterrorandanguishtofeelIabsolutelymustbetornfromyouforever.Iseethenecessityofdeparture;anditislikelookingonthenecessityofdeath.,“我告诉您我一定要走,”我有些恼火地反驳说。
“您以为我能留下来做一个对您毫无意思的人吗?
您以为我只是台自动机器,一台没有感情的机器吗?
您以为我能容忍别人把我那一小口面包从嘴里抢走,把我那一滴赖以活命的水从杯子里泼掉吗?
您以为我既然又穷又贱,长得又不美,个子又小,我就没有灵魂,没有心肝了吗?
您想错了!
我的灵魂跟您的一样高尚,心也跟您的一样充实!
要是上帝能赐给我一点美和许多的财富,我也会让您难以离开我,就像我现在难以离开您一样。
我现在并不是从世俗习惯、甚至也不是从凡人的躯体出发对您讲这番话,这是我的灵魂在跟您的灵魂对话,仿佛我们俩穿过了坟墓,一起站在上帝的脚下。
彼此平等因为我们就是平等的呀!
”,ItellyouImustgo!
Iretorted,rousedtosomethinglikepassion.DoyouthinkIcanstaytobecomenothingtoyou?
DoyouthinkIamanautomaton?
-amachinewithoutfeelings?
andcanbeartohavemymorselofbreadsnatchedfrommylips,andmydropoflivingwaterdashedfrommycup?
Doyouthink,becauseIampoor,obscure,plain,andlittle,Iamsoullessandheartless?
Youthinkwrong!
Ihaveasmuchsoulasyou-andfullasmuchheart!
AndifGodhadgiftedmewithsomebeautyandmuchwealth,Ishouldhavemadeitashardforyoutol
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