上海市交通大学附属中学学年高二下学期三月月考英语试题学生版.docx
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上海市交通大学附属中学学年高二下学期三月月考英语试题学生版.docx
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上海市交通大学附属中学学年高二下学期三月月考英语试题学生版
上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年度第二学期
高二英语三月考试卷
第I卷
I.Vocabulary(10’)
Directions:
Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.commitB.confusedC.fuelD.interactingE.genuineF.leap
G.poisonH.setbacksI.streamJ.upgradingK.unplug
Withsomanyinvestmentsrequiredofustosucceed–time,resources,talents,responsibilities,evenfinancesforourretirement–it’seasytolosesightofthemostdifficultinvestmentofallto____1____to:
ourselves.
Gettingtothepointwhereyou’rereadytostart___2___toyou2.0isn’teasy.Butitdoesn’tmeandroppingtheballeverywhereelse.It'snotaboutomissions,butadmissions.Comecleanwithyourselftokick-startyourpersonalgrowth.
Unstuckstartswith“u”
Noonepurposelychoosestostoplearningandgrowingagain,itjustkindofhappensinalotofdailyresponsibilitiesandlife.Andifitwereeasytojustkickitintogear(挡位)again,youwouldhavealreadydoneit.Butthetruthisinescapable.Ifyouwanttogetoffthatplacetohigherground,it’suptoyouandonlyyou.Noonewilljusthandyouasteady___3___ofopportunitiesforgrowth.
You’vebeenworkinginyourlife,notonit
Activityisoften___4___withacceleration(忙碌).Iwasguiltyofthisforyearsinworkingplace–stayingalwaysbusybutnotadmittingIwasbored.IwaslostinactivityandnotsteppingbacktotaketimetoquestionwhatIwantedmylifetobe.OnceIbeganworkingonmylife–quittingcorporate,becominganentrepreneur,restructuringtomylife–Istartedgrowingonceagain.AndI’veneverbeenhappier.
Thingsaren’thappeningtoyou,they’rehappeningforyou
Avictimmentality(心态)istheenemyofpersonalgrowth.Lamentingovereverythingthathasgonewronginyourlifeonlywastesenergyfromworkingtomakemorethingsgoright.Ifyouwanttokick-startgrowth
youmustview___5___ashavingapurpose,andthenputthemintheirplace.Thepastshouldn’trunordefineyou–only___6___you.
Theperfecttimetostartdoesn’texist
IhadsomanythingsthathadtobejustrightbeforeIcouldmakemylong-planned___7___fromcorporate.I’dtellmyself,“I’dlovetogoforitrightnow,butpracticallyspeaking.”Well,guesswhat?
Practicalityis___8___.It’stheconvenientexcusestoppingyoufromwhatyou’remeanttobecome.
It’stimeto___9___others’opinions
Growwhereyouwanttogrow.Learnwhatyouwanttolearn.Whereveryouareonthescaleofwhatyouwanttolearnnext–beitbeginnerornear-expertownit,beproudofit.Pretencesareforpretenders.You’rejusttryingtobecomeabetterversionofyour____10____self.
II.ReadingComprehension(30’+18’+6’)
SectionA
Directions:
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
(A)
Inthe1960s,AfricanAmericanmothersnoticedsomethingwrongintheirchildren’sseeminglyinnocentclassphotos.Everyyear,youngsterstidiedupintheirSundaybestfortheirschoolpicture,yetthesetreasuredimagesdidn’t___11___BlackandWhitechildrenequally.Whitechildrenwererendered(使成为)astheylookineverydaylife,whileAfricanAmericanchildrenlost___12___oftheirfacesandturnedintoinkblots(墨渍).Thefilmcouldnotsimultaneouslycapturebothdarkandlightskin.Fordecades,thisflawofthefilmremainedoutof___13___,whenBlackboysandgirlsandwhiteboysandgirlswerephotographedseparately.Butwiththeintegrationofschools,Blackmothers___14___thatcolorfilmlefttheirBlackchildrenintheshadows.
In2015,twoLondon-basedphotographers,AdamBroombergandOliverChanarin,wantedtofindoutwhythefilmcouldnotcapturethe___15___ofchildrenofallracesinaschoolphotograph.Whenthesephotographerstestedthefilm,theyfoundthefilmwasoptimizedfor___16___skin.Itwasthisfilm’shiddenhistorythatwasthe___17___facesinaclassphotocameoutsodifferently.
Allthatchanged,___18___,whenlargecorporationsmadeafussaboutKodak’sfilm,whichtheyboughtinbulkforadvertising.Ateamoftwounlikelybusinesses–furnituremakersandchocolatemanufacturers–___19___againstKodak’sfilmsfordiscriminatingagainstdarkhues.
Kodakemployeesworkedhardtofixthefilm,makingnewfilmformulationsandtestingthembytakingphotos.WhilethecomplaintsfromBlackmotherscouldnotchangeKodak,thosefromthesecompaniescould.Bythelate1970s,new-andmore___20___-formulationsofcolorfilmwereintheworks,andthenewandimprovedKodakGoldfilmwasonthemarketbythefollowingdecade.
Technologies,suchasphotographicfilms,sometimescapturethebeliefsandvaluesofthetimes.Thisbiasbuiltintotechnologyhas___21___today.Today,somewebcameras,followinginstructionsfromalgorithms(算法),areunabletorecognizeadarkface,butdoso___22___forawhiteone.
Whatthemakersoffilmandcamerasandothertechnologieshaveexperiencedisatacit(心照不宣的)subscriptiontoabeliefofastandard.___23___,theyhavegottenontheescalatorof“thisishowwedothings”withoutaskingwhy.Scholarswoulddescribethistypeofbiasasonethatimplicitly(完全地)and___24___acceptsnorms.Butitisn’tthe___25___fault;theyareonlydoingwhatthelinesofcodewrittenbyhumanstellthemtodo.Thesedevicescapturethebiasesthatexistinourworldand,inturn,speaktowhomaculturevalues.
11.A.treatB.captureC.reflectD.divide
12.A.charactersB.expressionsC.featuresD.colors
13.A.fashionB.printC.rangeD.sight
14.A.recommendedB.witnessedC.maintainedD.urged
15.A.likenessB.franknessC.carelessnessD.darkness
16.A.darkB.yellowC.whiteD.black
17.A.coincidenceB.reasonC.consequenceD.result
18.A.thereforeB.howeverC.furthermoreD.meanwhile
19.A.guardedB.insuredC.wentD.protested
20.A.inclusiveB.persuasiveC.decisiveD.offensive
21.A.echoesB.conclusionsC.objectionsD.intentions
22.A.quicklyB.equallyC.easilyD.similarly
23.A.AsaresultB.InotherwordsC.ForexampleD.Onthecontrary
24.A.inconsistentlyB.unexpectedlyC.inevitablyD.uncritically
25.A.cameras’B.technologies’C.films’D.humans’
(B)
DavidDunning,apsychologistatCornellUniversity,andJustinKruger,hisgraduatestudent,reasonthatwhilealmosteveryoneholdsfavourableviewsoftheirabilitiesinvarioussocialandintellectualdomains,somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthantheyactuallyare.This“illusionof___26___”isnowcalledthe“Dunning-Krugereffect”,whichdescribesthecognitiveprejudicetoincreaseself-assessment.
To___27___thisphenomenoninthelab,DunningandKrugerdesignedsomecleverexperiments.Inonestudy,theyaskedundergraduatestudentsaseriesofquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes,andthenaskedeachstudenttoestimatehisorherscoreoverall,aswellastheirrelative___28___comparedtotheotherstudents.Interestingly,studentswhoscoredthelowestinthesecognitivetasksalways___29___howwelltheydid–byalot.Studentswhoscoredinthe___30___one-fourthestimatedthattheyhadperformedbetterthantwo-thirdsoftheotherstudents!
This“illusionofconfidence”___31___beyondtheclassroomandspreadsthrougheverydaylife.Inafollow-upstudy,DunningandKrugerleftthelabandwenttoagunrange,wheretheyquizzedgunhobbyistsaboutgunsafety.___32___totheirpreviousfindings,thosewhoansweredthefewestquestionscorrectlywildlyoverestimatedtheirknowledgeaboutfirearms.Outsideoffactualknowledge,___33___,theDunning-Krugereffectcanalsobeobservedinpeople’sself-assessmentofotherpersonalabilities.Ifyouwatchanytalentshowontelevisiontoday,youwillseethe___34___onthefacesofcontestantswhodon’tmakeitpastauditions(海选)andare___35___bythejudges.Whileitisalmost___36___tous,thesepeoplearegenuinelyunawareofhowmuchtheyhavebeen___37___bytheirillusorysuperiority.
Sure,it’stypicalforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Onestudyfoundthat80percentofdriversratethemselvesasaboveaverage.Andsimilar___38___havebeenfoundwhenpeopleratetheirrelativepopularityandcognitiveabilities.Theproblemisthatwhenpeopleareincompetent,notonlydotheyreachwrongconclusionsandmakeunfortunatechoicesbut,also,theyare___39___oftheabilitytorealizetheirmistakes.Insteadofbeingconfused,perplexedorthoughtfulabouttheirerroneousways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysare___40___.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan(1871):
“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegets(产生)confidencethandoesknowledge.”
26.A.confidenceB.happinessC.freedomD.reality
27.A.convinceB.classifyC.investigateD.summarize
28.A.reachB.rangeC.rateD.rank
29.A.definedB.overestimatedC.overlookedD.doubted
30.A.topB.bottomC.formerD.latter
31.A.overtakesB.renewsC.extendsD.evolves
32.A.SimilarB.ContraryC.ParallelD.Opposite
33.A.thoughB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.largely
34.A.calmB.guiltC.shockD.panic
35.A.selectedB.favoredC.restrictedD.rejected
36.A.agreeableB.comicalC.restlessD.magical
37.A.misledB.taughtC.temptedD.oriented
38.A.trendsB.tricksC.strategiesD.fashions
39.A.warnedB.remindedC.robbedD.assured
40.A.wrongB.correctC.illusoryD.popular
SectionB
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethat
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