版高考英语大一轮必考知识点复习Book 3Unit 3.docx
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版高考英语大一轮必考知识点复习Book3Unit3
Ⅰ.读句品词——阅读下列句子,写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思
1.Unexpectedly,I’mfacetofacewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingatthetopofherlungs.(2018·全国Ⅲ)v.尖声叫
其他意义:
n.尖叫声;喊叫声
2.Theauthor’spennamecamefromthephrase“marktwain”,whichmeansthatthewateristwofathomsdeep.n.作者
3.Oneday,theyhappenedtoseeayoungmaninragswanderingonthepavementoutsidetheirhouse.n.人行道
4.Harrysteppedintothepassageandclosedthedoorbehindhim.n.过道;走廊
其他意义:
n.船费(包括食宿);
(一)段
5.Theotherday,hewassailingoutofthebay,andtowardsnightfallhewascaughtinastrongwind.n.海湾
Ⅱ.语境填词
背一背
1.phrasen.短语;词组;惯用语
2.scenen.(戏剧)一场;现场;场面;景色
3.starevi.凝视;盯着看
4.seekvt.&vi.探索;寻求;寻找
5.contraryn.反面;对立面adj.相反的;相违的
6.amountn.数量
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空]
1.Heisoutlookingforlargeamountsofmoneythathelostonhiswayhome.
2.Shemanagedtocalmhimdownandseekhelpfromaneighbour.
3.Hesatintheyard,staringintospace,thinkingdeeply.
4.Shewitnessedsomeverysadscenes,whichleftheragreatimpression.
Ⅲ.拓展提升
背一背
1.noveln.小说;长篇故事adj.新奇的;异常的→novelistn.小说家→noveltyn.新奇;新奇的事物
2.adventuren.奇遇;冒险→adventurousadj.爱冒险的;大胆的
3.permitvt.&vi.许可;允许;准许n.通行证;许可证;执照→permissionn.允许;准许
4.spotn.斑点;污点;地点vt.发现;认出→spottedadj.有斑点的;有圆点的
5.accountvt.&vi.认为;说明;总计有n.说明;理由;计算;账目→accountantn.会计
6.patiencen.耐性;忍耐→patientadj.有耐心的n.病人
7.rudeadj.粗鲁的;无礼的→rudenessn.粗鲁;无礼
8.mannern.举止;方式→mannersn.礼貌;礼仪
练一练 [用所给单词的正确形式填空]
1.Thedoctorpatientlylistenedtothepatient,andtoldhimthatthetreatmentneededpatience.(patient)
2.It’sbadmannerstodealwithsuchthingsinthismanner.(manner)
3.Ifyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit,youmustfirstaskyourhost’spermission(permit).
4.Shewaswearingablackandwhitespotted(spot)dressyesterday.
5.Itisveryimportanttoteachthechildrenhowtodealwithothers’kindnessandrudeness(rude).
Ⅳ.选词填空
背一背
1.bringup抚养;培养;教育;提出
2.goahead前进;(用于祈使句)可以;往下说
3.byaccident偶然;无意中;不小心
4.stareat凝视;盯着看
5.accountfor是……的原因;解释
6.onthecontrary与此相反;正相反
7.alargeamountof许多;大量
8.takeachance冒险
9.inrags衣衫褴褛
10.asfor关于;至于
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空]
1.Shedidn’twantherparentstohelphertodoit,soshejustwentaheadanddiditbyherself.
2.Ihadnodegreeandnoprofessionalexperience,buthetookachanceandgavemeanopportunity.
3.Theircriticismdidnotdiscourageme.Onthecontrary,Iworkedevenharder.
4.Thepoorweathermayhaveaccountedforthesmallcrowd.
5.Thesedaysmanywildfiresarestartedbyhumans,eitheronpurposeorbyaccident.
6.Theboywasbroughtupbyhismother,whohadagreatinfluenceonhislife.
Ⅴ.仿写运用
背一背
1.Well,towardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.
嗯,傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵强风刮到了海里。
2.ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.
第二天早上,我正感到绝望的时候,一艘船发现了我。
3.Indeed,sir,Ihopeyou’llcomeherewheneveryoulike.
真的,先生,我希望您随时光临。
练一练 [用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子]
1.我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子围住了。
(find+宾语+宾补)
Ifoundmyselfsurroundedbyagroupofchildrenfullofcuriosity.
2.他们刚完成工作,就在这时下雨了。
(hadjustdone...when...)
Theyhadjustfinishedtheworkwhenitrained.
3.无论何时你需要帮助,我希望你可以联系我。
(whenever)
Wheneveryouneedhelp,Ihopeyoucangetintouchwithme.
1.“看”这一家子
(1)starev.凝视;盯着看
(2)glarev.怒目而视
(3)glancev.瞥一眼
(4)witnessv.目睹;见证
(5)observev.观察
2.四处“寻找”
(1)seekv.寻找;搜索
(2)huntv.寻找;追逐
(3)searchv.&n.搜索;搜寻
(4)pursuev.追查;追赶
3.“提出”小结
(1)bringup提出
(2)putforward/forth提出
(3)bringforward提出
(4)comeupwith提出;想出
(5)comeup被提出
4.“碰巧”与“故意”
(1)byaccident偶然地;碰巧
(2)bychance碰巧;偶然
(3)bycoincidence碰巧
(4)bydesign故意地
(5)onpurpose故意地
scenen.(戏剧的)一场;场面;景色;现场;事发地点
onthescene在现场;当场;在台上
behindthescenes在幕后;暗中
appear/comeonthescene出场;登场
单句语法填空
(1)Ourreporterwasthefirstpersononthescenewhentheaccidenthappened.
(2)Thosewhoworkedbehindthescenesaretherealheroesofthisproject.
(3)Onreceivingthecall,thepolicerushedtothescenewherethetrafficaccidenthappened.
用法点拨
scene有“场景;场面;地点”的含义,后接定语从句,且关系词在从句中作状语时,一般用关系副词where或inwhich来引导。
Seeingthehappysceneofchildrenplayingbasketballthere,Ican’thelpthinkingofmyschooldays.看到孩子们在那儿快乐地打篮球的场景,我禁不住想起了我的学生时代。
permitv.允许;许可;准许
n.通行证;许可证;执照
(1)permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事
permitdoingsth.允许做某事
(2)adrivingpermit驾驶执照
(3)permissionn.[U]允许;许可
withoutpermission未经允许
askforpermission申请许可
givesb.permissiontodosth.允许某人做某事
单句语法填空
(1)Iwaspermittedtotalk(talk)totheprisonerandtheguardspermittedmetobring(bring)mycameraandtaperecorder.
(2)It’sstrangethatheshouldhavetakenthebookswithouttheowner’spermission(permit).(2018·江苏)
(3)Wearegratefultoyouforpermissiontocopy(copy)thisarticle.
(4)Therulesoftheschooldonotpermitparking(park)neartheschoolgate.
句式升级
(5)Iftimepermits,Iwillaccompanymyparentstocallonyouthisweekend.(独立主格结构)
Timepermitting,Iwillaccompanymyparentstocallonyouthisweekend.
熟词生义
(6)Youmustgetapermitifyouwanttokeepagun.A
A.许可证B.允许C.放任
Withoutadriver’spermit,youarenotpermittedtodriveacar.你若没有驾驶执照,就不允许开车。
spotv.发现;认出;点缀
n.斑点;污点;地点
(1)spotsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事
bespottedwith满是……的斑点;点缀着
(2)onthespot当场;在现场
单句语法填空
(1)Hespottedhisfriendtalking(talk)withsomeoneoverthere.
(2)Theyoungman,whowastheonlymanonthespot,wastoldtosetdownwhathesaw.
(3)Shedressedherselfinablueandwhitespotted(spot)skirtandattendedaparty.
句式升级
(4)Thepolicearrivedatthespotandtheretheyfoundtheevidence.(用定语从句改写)
Thepolicearrivedatthespotwhere/inwhichtheyfoundtheevidence.
Notonlywillallkindsofpapercuttingworksbeondisplay,butthecraftsmenwillshowvisitorshowtocutpaperintodifferentshapesonthespot.(2017·全国Ⅱ,书面表达)
不仅将展出各种剪纸作品,工匠们还将现场向参观者展示如何将纸剪成各种形状。
accountv.认为;说明;总计有
n.账目;说明;理由
(1)accountfor说明;做出解释;占……(比例)
(2)onaccountof由于,因为
onnoaccount决不(置于句首时,句子部分倒装)
takeaccountof(=take...intoaccount/consideration)考虑到……,把……考虑进去
giveanaccountof...叙述/描述……
(3)accountantn.会计员;会计师
单句语法填空
(1)Inaddition,thesocialservicesalsoaccountforalargepartofpublicspending.
(2)Theflightwaspostponedonaccountofbadweather.
完成句子
(3)Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountshouldtheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.(2019·天津)
这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。
词汇升级
(4)Isincerelyhopethatyouwillconsidermysuggestions.(升级加黑词汇)
(2018·全国Ⅰ,书面表达)
Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsintoconsideration/account.
联想发散 表示“决不”的短语还有:
innocase,atnotime,innosense,innoway,bynomeans,onnocondition,undernocircumstances,onnoconsideration,onnooccasion。
Hewastooshockedtogiveanaccountofwhathadhappenedonthespot.他震惊得无法描述现场发生了什么事情。
seekvt.&vi.(sought,sought)试图,设法;征询,寻求;探索,探寻
seektodosth.试图做某事
seekfor/after...寻找/追求……
seekout挑选;找出
seekone’sfortune碰运气;寻找致富之路
单句语法填空
(1)Theboysoughttoaccount(account)forhisabsencefromclasstotheteacher.
(2)Theshopkeeperistryingtoseekforabetterwaytowinhiscustomersback,perhapswithadiscount.
(3)Howcanweseekoutareallysuitablepersontoreplacethechairmanfortheimportantmeeting?
Thepennilessmanhadnochoicebuttogoabroadtoseekhisfortune.这个身无分文的人别无选择只能出国寻找发财的机会。
bringup抚养;培养;教育;提出;呕吐
一词多义——写出下列句子中bringup的汉语意思
(1)Ihadfriedchickenforlunchandthenbroughtitupagainatonce.呕吐
(2)TheSmithareadmiredforthewaytheybringuptheirchildren.抚养;培养;教育
(3)Hebroughtuphispointofviewthatabalanceddietwasnecessaryforthosewhohadputonweight.提出
bringabout引起;导致
bringback把……带回来;使回忆起;使恢复
bringdown降低;减少
bringin带进来;有收入;赚得;引入
bringout使显现;阐明;出版
根据句意用bring短语的正确形式填空
(4)Idon’tclearlyrememberwhobroughtupthequestionbutclearlyrememberitbroughtaboutaheateddiscussion.
(5)Thereasonwhythegoodsaresoldatsuchlowpricesisthatthemanufacturersarewillingtobringdownpricesinreturnforbigvolumeofpurchases.
(6)Thepictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofmyhighschooldays.
goahead前进;干吧;说吧
goby经过;流逝
godown下降;下沉;落下
goover复习;(仔细)检查
gothrough通过;完成;经历;浏览
gowithout没有……也可应付;将就
gowith和……协调/相配
goout外出;熄灭
gooff熄灭;(食物)变坏;爆炸
根据句意用go短语的正确形式填空
(1)Astimewentby,theyrealizedtheimportanceofhealth.
(2)—ShallIopenthewindowtoletinsomefreshair?
—Sure,goahead.It’sreallyhothere.
(3)Dothecarpetandcurtainsgowiththehouse?
(4)IhadtogowithoutbreakfastthismorningasIwasinahurry.
(5)Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.
takeachance冒险;碰运气
takechances冒险;碰运气
bychance=byaccident偶然;碰巧
(The)chancesarethat...有可能……
Thereisachancethat...有可能……
haveachancetodosth.有机会做某事
单句语法填空
(1)Bychance,hefoundtheplacewherehisbrotherhadhiddenthetreasure.
(2)Ifpeopledoit,chancesarethattheywillsurviveincaseofafire.
(3)What’smore,Iconsideritagoodchancetoenjoy(enjoy)thewonderfulsceneryandtastethedeliciousfoodhereandthere.
AndItreasurethisasagoodchancetobroadenmyperspectiveaswellasimprovemyspokenEnglish.(2018·浙江,书面表达)
我很珍惜这个机会来拓宽我的视野,提高我的英语口语。
“疑问词+ever”引导的从句
Indeed,sir,Ihopeyou’llcomeherewheneveryoulike.真的,先生,我希望您随时光临。
(1)whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句,相当于nomatterwhen/where/how。
(2)whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。
(3)“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,可放在主句前或主句后。
句型转换
(1)Whoeverbreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.
→Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.
(2)Everyyear,anyonewhomakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.
→Everyyear,whoevermakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwin
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