施心远主编听力教程3第2版Unit8答案.docx
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施心远主编听力教程3第2版Unit8答案.docx
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施心远主编听力教程3第2版Unit8答案
UNIT8
SectionOneTacticsforListening
Part1SpotDictation
CorporateSocialResponsibility(企业的社会责任)
Onceuponatime,all-oralmostall-businesseswere
(1)greedyand
rapacious,sparingathoughtfortheir
(2)workersortheenvironmentonlyinorderto(3)workouthowtoexploitthem.Thenbossesfoundtheir(4)consciences,guided(orsometimesforced)by(5)customersorcriticsfromthe(6)non-profitworld.Theydiscoveredtheideathatcompaniesshould
notexistonlytomakeaprofitbutto(7)servesociety.Thuscorporate
socialresponsibility(CSR)gotits(8)startasabusinessfashion,and
itisnowhardtofindafirmthathasnot(9)comeupwithanearnest
(10)statementaboutitsrelationswiththewiderworld.
CSRiscloselylinkedwiththeprinciplesof(11)SustainableDevelopmentinproposingthatenterprisesshould(12)beobligedtomakedecisionsbasednotonlyonthefinancialfactorsbutalsoonthesocialandenvironmental(13)consequencesoftheiractivities.Issueslike
environmentaldamage,impropertreatmentofworkersand(14)faulty
productionleadingtocustomersinconvenienceordanger,(15)are
highlightedinthemedia.
Someinvestorsandinvestmentfundmanagershavebegunto(16)take
accountofacorporation'spolicyinmaking(17)investmentdecisions.
SomeconsumershavebecomeincreasinglysensitivetotheCSRperformaneeofthecompanies(18)fromwhichtheybuytheirgoodsandservices.Thesetrends(19)havecontributedtothepressureoncompaniesto(20)operateinaneconomically,sociallyandenvironmentallysustainableway.
Part2ListeningforGist
SmallretailersacrosstheUnitedStatesarefacingthesamechallenge:
competitionfromshoppingmalls(大型购物中心)andchainstores(连锁店).But,indowntownDickson,Tennessee,agroupofretailmerchants
(零售商)havebandedtogether(紧密团结起来)towinback(赢回)their
customerswhohavebeenattractedtoshoppingareas(商业圈)inthe
neighboringbigcity.
DicksonisatypicalsmallAmericancity.Ithasquietresidential
areas(居民区)andanicelittledowntownthatwasonceathrivingretail
center.ButaccordingtoDavidHamilton,presidentofDickson'sChamberofCommerce(商会),highwayconstructionoverthepastseveralyearschangedthat.Beingjust65kilometersawayfromabigcitylikeNashville,MrHamiltonsays,presentsanotherchallengetoDickson'sdowntownshoppingarea."Becausewe'resoclosetoNashville,andbecausesomanypeopleworkinNashville,whentheythinkaboutshopping,theythinkof
goingtoNashvillemalls."
ButsmallbusinessownersindowntownDicksondidn'tgiveup.Instead,theydecidedtofightback.Morethan40ofthemfoundedtheRetailMerchantsAssociationofDowntownDickson.Membersofthenewassociationarecommittedtosuccess;theypaymonthlydues(月缴会费)andmeet
periodicallytosuggestanddiscusscreativewaysofattractingmoreshopperstodowntown.Mr.WilliamssaysoneideaiscreatingeventsmodeledontheannualChristmasparadethroughthedowntownareathatattractsalargenumberofcityresidents.Freerefreshments(茶点,
小吃)andgiveaways(免费样品)willbepartoftheseregularevents.Mr.Williamssaysthegroupisalsoplanningtobeautifythedowntownareawithplantsandpaint.
Thoughitmightseemhardtocompetewithbigchainstores,smallretailershaveanadvantage.Theyhaveapersonalapproachinservingcustomers.ChamberofCommercepresidentDavidHamiltonagrees.Hesaysretailersinhiscityservecustomerswell,andcustomersinreturn,shouldsupportthembyshoppingintheirstores.
Thedowntownareaistheheartofacity.AndmembersofDickson'snewRetailMerchantsAssociationaredeterminedtoworktogethertokeeptheheartbeating-torevitalize(使。
。
恢复生气)downtownDicksonsoitisonceagainabusy,welcomingplaceforpeopletocomeandshop.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothepassageandfinditstopicsentence.
Thetopicsentenceis"IndowntownDicksonTennessee,agroupofretailmerchantshavebandedtogethertowinbacktheircustomerswhohavebeenattractedtoshoppingareasintheneighboringbigcity."
SectionTwoListeningComprehension
Part1Dialogue
HavingTheirBabiesatHome
-Whatabout...um...thenumberofmotherswhoarenowchoosingtohave
theirbabiesathome.Isthata,agrowingnumberinAustralia?
-It'sstillaveryverysmallproportionatthemomentandthereforemany,
um,hospitalsarethinkingofactuallyintroducingbirthingcenters,
birthingunits.Wehaveoneatourhospitalatthemoment,wherethe,theunitissetupasabedroomandakitchenandthewomancanactuallywalkaroundincomfortandjustpretendit'sherownhome.
-Soit'slikeahomeinthehospital?
-Yeah,it'slikealittlemaisonetteinthehospitaland,er,it'sso
closebytothetheatreanddeliverysuites(产房)thatifanythingshouldgowrong(出故障)anddidgowrongtheycouldbemovedaroundquitequicklyandsafely.
-Margaret,doyouthinkit'ssafetohaveababyathome?
-Therearerisksinvolved,er,Ipersonallywouldprefernottohavemybabyathome.Imeanitwouldbe{wellyou'reamidwife}...Iknowit
wouldbequiteidealbuttheriskofsomethinggoingwrongandifIwas
tolosethatbabyIthinkthatIwouldbequitedevastated.
-Aren'ttheredangersinhospitalbecausetherearemorepeopleinvolved?
-Therearedangersinhospital,Imeanyou,youwouldn'twanttoknow
thatthereisaparticularlyresistantstaphylococcalinfection(抗葡
萄球菌感染)runningaroundthehospitaland,er,thatwouldbequitearisk.Insomecountriesit'sbeenproventhathavingthebabyathomeisassafeashavingababyinhospital.
-Doesitgetalotofencouragementhaving,er,ababyathome?
-Idon'tthinkso,no,itdoesn't.Ithink...um...doctorsand...
Ithinkmainlydoctorsprobably,Ithinktheyscarethewomensaying,wellthismightgowrongorthatmightgowrongathomesoit'sbetterforyoutocomeintohospital.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothedialogueandanswerthefollowingquestions.
1.It'slikealittlemaisonette,ahomeinthehospital.
2.Becauseit'sstillaverysmallproportionofmotherswhoarenow
choosingtohavetheirbabiesathomeatthemomentandthebirthingunitissetupasabedroomandakitchenandthewomancanactuallywalkaroundincomfortandjustpretendit'sherownhome.
3.Becauseit'ssoclosebytothetheatreanddeliverysuitesthatif
anythingshouldgowronganddidgowrongtheycouldbemovedaroundquitequicklyandsafely.
4.Somethingmaygowrongduringthedeliveryandthatwouldbequitedevastating.
5.Therecouldbeaparticularlyresistantstaphylococcalinfectionrunningaroundthehospital.
Part2Passage
BridgingGenerations
1.Seniorstodayarebettereducated,healthier,andmorevivaciousthanatanytimeinournation'shistory.
2.Theyareactive,energetic,andwillingandcanmeetmanyprogramneedsthroughtheirvolunteerefforts.
3.Becausetheyarelivinglongerthaneverbefore,seniorscananticipateupto30yearsofproductiveactivityafterretirement.
4.Whenchoosingwhereandhowtovolunteer,seniorsshouldpickthetypeofactivitythatbestsuitstheirpersonalgoalsaswellastheneedsoftherecipients.
5.Wewanttohelpthemembracetheworldwiththeirnumerousgiftsandtalents,insteadoftheworldembracingthemwithhandcuffsandincarceration.
Mentionthewordretirement,andyou'lllikelyinvokearangeofreactions.
Somethinkofretirementasariteofpassage(人生大事),othersasa
timetorelax.Thecynical*mayviewitasapointbeyondwhichonecannolongercontributetosociety.
Thisisfarfromthetruth!
Seniorstodayarebettereducated,healthier,andmorevivaciousthanatanytimeinournation'shistory.Theyareactive,energetic,andwillingandcanmeetmanyprogramneedsthroughtheirvolunteerefforts.Seniorsareavaluableresourcewithmanygiftstooffer-amongthem,experience,patience,skills,time,andwealth-thatareuniquetothem.
Theseniorpopulation,anditsproportionrelativetotherestofthe
population,isincreasingrapidly.TheCorporationforNationalandCommunityService(CNS)estimatesthat,in2000,some35millionpeopleaged65orolderwerelivingintheUnitedStates,accountingfor13%ofthetotalpopulation.Theagingbabyboomgenerationisexpectedtodoubletheseniorpopulationoverthenext30years.Andbecausetheyarelivinglongerthaneverbefore,seniorscananticipate*upto30yearsofproductiveactivityafterretirement.
Seniorssharetheirgiftsandlifeexperiencestoaddressissuesinschoolsystems,publicsafety,theenvironment,andotherhumanneeds.
Manyseniorsdonotvolunteerthroughformalprograms.Someareone-timevolunteers;othersvolunteerforaseasonalorspecialevent.Whenchoosingwhereandhowtovolunteer,seniorsshouldpickthetypeofactivitythatbestsuitstheirpersonalgoalsaswellastheneedsoftherecipients.Mostimportantly,becreative,selective,andhavefun-likethevolunteersfeaturedhere.
LikemanyAmericans,EloiseBowersandJoanGrossrecognizedtheneedforadditionalsupportforjuvenilesastheydevelopandmatureintoadults.Theseseniors,however,decidedtogivebacktotheircommunityanddeveloppositiverelationshipswithjuvenilesthroughFGP.
The"grandmas",nowintheirsecondyearwiththeprogram,havehelpedmorethan50ofthemostat-riskyouthintheDistrictofColumbiaturntheirlivesaround."Itisourjobtohelpyouthlinkwiththeirpeersandthecommunity,aswellashelptheircommunityandtheirpeerslinkwiththem,"theystress."Forthelinktobestrong,itmustbemutual."Someyouthintheprogramhavechildrenoftheirownandneedc
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