高考英语压轴专题《高中英语阅读理解》难题汇编.docx
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高考英语压轴专题《高中英语阅读理解》难题汇编.docx
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高考英语压轴专题《高中英语阅读理解》难题汇编
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Yourteenagebestfriendcouldbegoodforyourlong-termmentalhealth,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalChildDevelopmentAccordingtothefindings,teenagersaged15to16whohadaclosefriendshipratherthanalargergroupoffriendstheywerelessclosetohadagreatersenseofself-worthbythetimetheywere25yearsold.Thosepeoplewithaveryclosebestfriendwerealsolesslikelytoexperiencedepressionandsocialanxiety,thestudyfound.
"Closefriendshipstrengthinmid-adolescencepredictedrelativeincreasesinself-worthanddecreasesinanxietyanddepressivesymptomsbyearlyadulthood,"theauthors,ledbyRachelK,Narr,apostdoctoralstudentfocusedonclinicalpsychologyattheUniversityofVirginia,wrote.
Apastresearchhassuggestedthatadolescentfriendshipsareimportant.Friendshipsduringtheteenageyearspredictacademicsuccessandimprovedmentalhealth.Butthenewresearchfurtherexploresthetypeoffriendshipsteenagershave."Myhunch(预感)wasthatclosefriendshipscomparedtobroaderfriendshipgroupsandpopularitymaynotfunctionthesameway,"NarrtoldQuartz."Beingsuccessfulinoneisnotthesameasbeingsuccessfulintheother."
Manystudyparticipantsdidnotcontinuetohaveacloserelationshipwiththeirhigh-schoolbestfriend,leadingtheresearcherstowonderwhatexactlywasresponsibleforthementalhealthbenefits.Theysuspectedthattheskillsandabilitytobuildsuchafriendshipmaybemoreimportantthanthefriendshipitself.
Andastheresearcherspointout,thoseskillsarenotnecessarilybroughttobearintheworldofsocialmedia."Astechnologymakesitincreasinglyeasytobuildasocialnetworkofshallowfriends,focusingtimeandattentionondevelopingcloseconnectionswithafewindividualsshouldbeapriority,"studyco-authorJosephAllensaidinastatement.
(1)Whatisthebenefitofhavingacloseteenagefriendship?
A. Excellentperformanceinhighschool.
B. Alargergroupoffriends.
C. Mentalhealthbyearlyadulthood.
D. Alargesocialnetworkinthefuture.
(2)Whatcanwelearnaboutthepastresearch?
A. Itattachedgreatsignificancetoadolescentfriendships.
B. Itwastotallydifferentfromthenewresearch.
C. Ithelpedimproveteenagers'mentalhealth.
D. Itcomparedbroaderfriendshipgroupswithpopularity.
(3)Whatdidtheresearchersthinkmightleadtothementalhealthbenefits?
A. Notcontinuingtohaveacloserelationship.
B. Havingabestfriendinhighschool.
C. Understandingtheworldofsocialmedia.
D. Knowinghowtobuildaclosefriendship
(4)WhatdidtheresearcherJosephsuggest?
A. Learningtousesocialmedia.
B. Broadeningyoursocialcircle.
C. Improvingtheskillsofmakingfriends.
D. Concentratingonhigh-qualityrelationship.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)D
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,研究发现,那些有非常亲密的好朋友的人也不太可能经历抑郁和社交焦虑。
与过去的研究认为友谊很重要相比,这项新研究进一步探索了青少年之间的友谊类型。
研究人员发现知道如何建立亲密的友谊可能比友谊本身更重要。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的”Yourteenagebestfriendcouldbegoodforyourlong-termmentalhealth,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalChildDevelopment.“根据发表在《儿童发展》杂志上的一项新研究,你十几岁时最好的朋友可能对你的长期心理健康有好处。
可知,青少年亲密的友谊对精神健康有益。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的”Apastresearchhassuggestedthatadolescentfriendshipsareimportant.“过去的一项研究表明,青少年间的友谊很重要,可知,过去的研究非常重视青少年间的友谊。
故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的”Theysuspectedthattheskillsandabilitytobuildsuchafriendshipmaybemoreimportantthanthefriendshipitself.“他们怀疑建立这种友谊的技巧和能力可能比友谊本身更重要,可知,研究人员认为知道如何建立亲密的友谊会带来心理健康益处。
故选D。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的"‘Astechnologymakesitincreasinglyeasytobuildasocialnetworkofshallowfriends,focusingtimeandattentionondevelopingcloseconnectionswithafewindividualsshouldbeapriority,’studyco-authorJosephAllensaidinastatement.”研究报告的撰写者之一JosephAllen在一份声明中说:
“随着科技的发展,建立浅层次朋友的社交网络变得越来越容易,因此,把时间和精力集中在与少数人建立密切联系上应该是优先考虑的事情。
”可知,研究人员JosephAllen建议把时间和精力集中在于一些人发展亲密关系是应该是重中之重,即发展高质量的友谊。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
AfewyearsbackIworkedinauniversitybuildingthatalsohousedadepartmentfullofpsychologists,allofwhomseemedtoseeusasperfectguineapigs(豚鼠)fortheirlatesttheories.Ifaneagergraduatestudentshowedupinmyofficebearingdessertsandaskedmetopickone,I'dcastacarefulglanceandask"Why?
"beforegrabbingtheapplepie.
Sooneday,whensomeonefromthePsychologyDepartmentpostedinstructionsinthebathroompersuadingallofusto"Thinkaboutfivethingsforwhichyou'regratefuleverydayforaweek!
"myresponsewasfranklydoubtful.Ididthemath.Fivethingsadayforsevendaysisalotofbrainpowertoexpendwithoutsomuchasthepromiseofanapplepie.
IwanderedintotheofficeofHeidiZetzer,thedirectorofourschool'sPsychologicalServicesClinic."What'swiththegratitudething?
"Iasked.Youdon'taskanacademicquestion-evenasimpleoneunlessyou'repreparedforalonganswer.Heidicamealive,andIsatdown.That'swhenIfirstheardtheterm"positivepsychology".Thegratitudething,asIhadcalledit,wasbutonesmallandsimpleelementofthepractice."Kindofliketrainingthebraintofocusonjoy,"myfriendHeidiexplained."It'sonlyaweek,"sheurged."Tryit."Idid.Andguesswhat?
Itworked.
Everydayforaweek,IfoundfivedistinctthingsforwhichIwasthankful.Theyhadtobedifferenteveryday.Icouldn'tgetawaywithjustbeinggratefulformywonderfulhusband.ButIcould,suggestedCollieConoley,anotherpositivepsychologist,expressmygratitudeforspecificaspectsofacertainpersoneachday.He'sagreatcook.Healwaysputsourfamilyfirst.
Lifewillneverbeperfect.Istillseenewstoriesthatannoyme.Thetrafficinmycityismaddening.IwishIcouldspeedupmyrecovery.Butwithjustonesimpleexercise,I'mrediscoveringthepeaceofthatoldsaying:
acceptingthethingsIcan'tchange,workingwithoutcomplainttochangewhatIcan,andbeingwiseenoughtoknowthedifference.
Andallittookwasalittlegratitude.
(1)What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardthestudentwithdesserts?
A. Cautious.
B. Respectful.
C. Indifferent.
D. Supportive.
(2)Whywastheauthordoubtfulabouttheinstructions?
A. Becauseshethoughtitwasn'tworththeeffort.
B. Becauseshedidn'tlikeexpressingthanksoften.
C. Becausesheneededtoaskherfriendtodoitfirst.
D. Becauseshecoulddofivethingseverydayeasily.
(3)WhatdoesCollieConoleysuggesttheauthorshoulddo?
A. Begratefultoherwonderfulhusband.
B. Bethankfulforthingsbutnotpeople.
C. Beagreatcookandputherfamilyfirst.
D. Bespecificaboutwhatshe'sthankfulfor.
(4)What'sthebesttitleforthetext?
A. Don'tBeBotheredbySmallThings
B. WeCanChangeEverythingIfWeWant
C. PracticingGratitudeChangedMyLife
D. BeingGratefultoOneGoodPerson
【答案】
(1)A
(2)A
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,在一个星期的时间里,作者坚持每天都能发现五件她特别感激的事情,而且每天都有所不同。
生活永远不会完美。
但通过这么一个简单的练习,作者重新发现了那句老话的平和:
接受我不能改变的事情,毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的,并且足够明智地知道两者的区别。
这只需要一点感激之情。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Ifaneagergraduatestudentshowedupinmyofficebearingdessertsandaskedmetopickone,I'dcastacarefulglanceandask‘Why?
’beforegrabbingtheapplepie.”如果一个心急的研究生拿着甜点出现在我的办公室,让我挑选一种,在抓苹果派之前,我会仔细地看一眼,然后问“为什么?
”可知,作者在抓苹果派之前,会仔细地看一眼,然后问“为什么?
”。
可知,作者对带甜点的学生持有谨慎的态度。
故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“myresponsewasfranklydoubtful.Ididthemath.Fivethingsadayforsevendaysisalotofbrainpowertoexpendwithoutsomuchasthepromiseofanapplepie.”我的反应坦率地说是怀疑的。
我算了算。
连续7天每天做5件事,甚至连吃苹果派的承诺都没有,那就太费脑力了。
可推知,作者认为对“连续7天每天做5件事”的要求充满怀疑,认为太费脑力、不值得去做。
故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“ButIcould,suggestedCollieConoley,anotherpositivepsychologist,expressmygratitudeforspecificaspectsofacertainpersoneachday.He'sagreatcook.Healwaysputsourfamilyfirst.”但是另一位积极心理学家柯利·康诺利建议道,我可以每天对一个人的某些方面表达我的感激之情。
他是个很棒的厨师。
他总是把我们的家庭放在第一位。
可知,柯利·康诺利建议作者每天对一个人的某些方面表达感激之情。
由此可知,柯利·康诺利建议作者具体说明她感激什么。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Butwithjustonesimpleexercise,I'mrediscoveringthepeaceofthatoldsaying:
acceptingthethingsIcan'tchange,workingwithoutcomplainttochangewhatIcan,andbeingwiseenoughtoknowthedifference.”但通过一个简单的练习,我重新发现了那句老话的平和:
接受我不能改变的事情,毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的,并且足够明智地知道两者的区别)可知,练习表达感激,改变了作者的观念和生活。
由此可知选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。
并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
HarvardPre-CollegeProgram
SESSIONI:
SESSIONII:
SESSIONIII:
June23—July5,
2019
July7—July19,
2019
July21—August2,
2019
Oursummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsisdesignedtopavethewayforasuccessfulcollegeexperience.
HEREYOUCAN:
Learnwithoutlimits
Pursueyourinterestsincoursesfocusingonphysics,law,writing,philosophy,andadozenothersubjects.
LiveatHarvard
YouwillliveinahistoricundergraduatehousenearHarvardSquare.
Yourplancoversthreemealsaday,sevendaysaweek.
Havefunoutsidetheclassroom
YoumightenjoyaCirqueduSileilperformance,aRedSoxgameatFenwayPark,oratriptotheMuseumofScience.
ELIGIBILITY(申请资格)
Studentsareacademicallymotivatedandwillgraduatein2020or2021.
TOAPPLY
Completeanonlineapplicationandprovidethefollowingmaterials:
the$50nonrefundableapplicationfee;transcripts(成绩单)withfall2018grades;signedrulesandregulations.
INTERNATIONALSTUDENTS
ParticipantsshouldapplyfortheB-2touristvisa.IfEnglishisnotyournativelanguage,submitscoresfromtheTOEFLorIELTSlanguageproficie
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