中考英语专题形容词和副词.docx
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中考英语专题形容词和副词.docx
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中考英语专题形容词和副词
中考英语--专题--形容词和副词
中考专题——形容词和副词
1.ThiskindofT-shirtlooks______andsells______inthemarket.
A.nice;goodB.well;wellC.nice;wellD.good;nice
2.Sometimesitoftenrains______inmyhometown.
A.hardB.hardlyC.heavilyD.strongly
3.Ifoverweightpeopleeatlessandtakemoreexercise,theywillsoonfeelmuch______.
A.fatterB.olderC.biggerD.healthier
4.Emmalookedafterherpetdog______ofallherfriends.
A.carefulB.mostcarefulC.morecarefulD.themostcareful
【知识点精讲】
一、形容词的用法及位置
1.作定语,放在名词之前
Sheisaprettygirl.
2.作表语,放在系动词之后
Thegirlispolite.
Thecaketastesdelicious.
3.作宾补,放在宾语之后
Youmustkeepthewindowsopen.
Don`tmakeyourmotherangry.
Theyfoundthedooroftheroomclosed.
二、副词的用法及位置
1.副词修饰动词时,放在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前
Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.
Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.
Shewassomovedthatshecouldhardlysayaword.
Sheneverstopstalking.
2.副词修饰形容词和副词时,放在被修饰词之前
Yourvoicesoundsratherstrangetoday.
Thecomputerworksmuchfasterthanbefore.
3.副词修饰句子时,常放在句首
Luckily,hewasnotbadlyhurt.
三、形容词和副词的比较级
1.比较等级的构成方法
【1】规则变化记忆口诀
比较等级要变化,一般词尾加er;
tall----taller----tallest
词尾若有哑音e,直接加r就可以;
nice----nicer----nicest
辅音加y结尾时,变y为i加er;
heavy----heavier----heaviest
词尾若是辅元辅,双写末辅加er;
thin----thinner----thinnest
单词若是多音节,其前加more就可以。
delicious----moredelicious----mostdelicious
【2】不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
2.形容词和副词比较级的用法
【1】两者相比较时用形容词或副词的比较级,其结构为“……比较级+than……”,than后加名词或代词宾格或主谓结构。
Iammoreoutgoingthanmysister.(名词)
Iammoreoutgoingthanmysisteris.(主谓结构)
Herunsfasterthanher.(代词宾格)
Herunsfasterthanshedoes.(主谓结构)
【2】形容词比较级和副词比较级的选择:
形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词。
LilyismorecleverthanLucy,butLucystudiesharderthanLily.
【3】在两者之间做选择,表示“哪一个更……”时,用句型“which/who/whatbe+比较级,AorB?
”
Whichsweaterischeaper,theredoneortheyellowone?
【4】两者作比较时,用“the+比较级+ofthetwo”
Thisbikeisthebetterofthetwo.
Thisgirlisthekinderofthetwogirls.
Lucyisthetallerofthetwins.
【5】表示“越来越……”时,用“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级”。
Ifyoueattoomuchmeat,youwillbecomefatterandfatter.
Weshouldmakeourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful.
【6】表示“越……,就越……”时,用“the+比较级,the+比较级”
Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbecome.
Themore,thebetter.
【7】同一类人或物在某一范围内进行比较时,常用“比较级+anyother+名词单数”,表示“……比任意一个……都……”或者用“比较级+theother+名词复数”,表示“……比其他……都……”
IthinkBeijingismorebeautifulthananyothercityinChina.
IthinkBeijingismorebeautifulthantheothercitiesinChina.
【8】表示“比……大(长、多、宽)几倍”,“重几斤,高几厘米,大几岁”等,都用比较级。
Ourclassroomistwicelargerthanyours.
Tomissixyearsolderthanyou.
【9】“原级比较”用“as…as”表示“和……一样”,用“notso/as…as”表示“……不及……”。
“more+形容词”与“less+形容词”和“notso/as…as”可互换。
EnglishisasimportantasChinese.
ChineseismoreimportantthanEnglish.
=EnglishislessimportantthanChinese.
=Englishisnotso/asimportantasChinese.
3.易错点
【1】比较级的替代词:
使用比较级时,前后两个比较项要保持一致,若前一个比较项是可数名词单数,则后一个比较项要用theone来替代;若前一个比较项是不可数名词,则后一个比较项要用that来替代;若前一个比较项是可数名词复数,则后一个比较项要用those来替代。
Thehatontheshelfisnotsoexpensivethantheoneonthetable.
TheweatherinNanjingiswarmerthanthatinBeijinginwinter.
ThestudentsofClassOnestudyharderthanthoseofClassTwo.
【2】避免重复使用比较级。
Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.(错)
Heisclevererthanhisbrother.(对)
【3】同一范围和不同范围作比较
同一范围
ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.
ChinaislargerthantheothercountriesinAsia.
不同范围
ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica.
【4】比较级的否定句实际表示肯定意义。
Icouldn`tagreewithyoumore.
【5】“a+比较级”表示最高级的意义。
Ihaveneverseenamorebeautifulgirl(thanher).
=SheisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.
【6】倍数表达法:
(1)Ais倍数as+原级+asB
AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.
(2)Ais倍数+比较级+than+B
AsiaisthreetimeslargerthanEurope.
(3)Ais倍数+名词+ofB
常见名词:
thesize/weight/height/width/length
Thetableistwicethelengthofthedesk.
(4)Ais倍数+what从句
Theproductionisnowthreetimeswhatitwasthreeyearsago.
四、形容词和副词最高级的用法
【1】三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用“最高级+介词in/of/among”来表示范围。
Heisthestrongestofalltheboys.
LiHuaistheclevereststudentinourclass.
【2】三者作比较时,用“最高级…,A,BorC?
”
Whichisthebiggest,theearth,themoonorthesun?
【3】表示“最……的……之一”时,用“oneofthe+最高级+名词复数”。
Tian’anmensquareisoneofthelargestsquaresintheworld.
【4】表示“第几最……”时,用“the+序数词+最高级+名词单数”。
TheYellowRiveristhesecondlargestriverinChina.
【5】在句型“……I’veeverseen/heard”句型中,一般用最高级形式。
SheisthemostbeautifulgirlI’veeverseen.
ItisthemostinterestingstoryI’veeverheard.
【6】形容词最高级前通常加the,如果最高级前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等修饰时,则不用the;副词最高级前,the可有可无。
Myoldestdaughteris16yearsold.我最大的女儿今年16岁。
Yesterdaywasherhappiestdayinherlife.昨天是她一生中最幸福的一天。
Hestudies(the)hardestinourclass.
【7】形容词最高级前若有不定冠词a时,不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。
Springisabestseason.春天是一个非常好的季节。
五、形容词和副词各等级前的修饰词
【1】原级前:
very(非常),quite(十分),rather(相当),so(如此),too(太),muchtoo(太),enough(足够地),really(的确),pretty(很,非常)等。
Mymotherisverybusyeveryday.
Theproblemisquitedifficult.
Itisrather/really/prettyfoggytoday.
Weweresoexcitedthatwesanganddancedallnight.
Hespoke(much)toofast.Icouldn`tcatchhim.
Theboyisbraveenoughtofinishthetask.
【2】比较级前:
much(……得多),even(更、还要),still(要、还要),far(远为……,……得多),any(更),alittle(稍微),alot(……得多),abit(……一点),threeyears(三岁),twice(两倍),agreatdeal(……得多)等,这些词常用来表示比较级的程度,表示强调。
Heplaysthepianomuchbetterthanme.
Iamnotfeelinganybetter.Ifeelevenworse.
Theglovesarealittlebiggerforme.
Travellingbytrainisfarmoreenjoyablethantravellingbyair.
Mysisteristhreeyearsolderthanme.
Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.
【3】最高级前:
byfar(到目前为止),nearly(将近),almost(几乎),形容词性物主代词,名词所有格,序数词等。
ThisisbyfarthebestbookthatIhaveread.
Herunsnearlyfastestamongthestudents.
Mr.Chen`soralEnglishisalmostthebest.
【典型例题及相似题练习】
1.Thepricesofthehousesatthemomentarestillvery______.
A.highB.expensiveC.higherD.moreexpensive
2.-----Whydopeoplethere______useumbrellainthesun?
-----Becausetheywouldratherenjoythesunshine.
A.hardlyB.usuallyC.alwaysD.often
3.-----HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglishstudy?
------Muchbetter.Idon`tfeelitwasas______asbefore.
A.easyB.difficultC.muchD.interesting
4.MaYun,headofAlibaba,isoneof______personintheworld.
A.richB.richerC.richestD.therichest
【课堂综合练习】
1.Themorecarefulyouare,the_____mistakesyouwillmake.
A.few B.fewerC.fewestD.morefew
2.It’ssummernow.Theweatherisgetting_______.
A.higherandhigher B.lowerandlower
C.hotterandhotter D.colderandcolder
3.Theseatsinthemiddleofthecinemaare________ofall.
A.betterB.GoodC.thebestD.well
4.Xi’anisoneof_______capital________inChina.
A.older,cityB.theolder,cityC.oldest,citiesD.theoldest,cities
5.Boboftensaysthatswimmingis_________thanhikinginreducingweight,buthealwaysspendsmoretimeonswimming.
A.lessusefulB.moreusefulC.moreinterestingD.lessinteresting
6.Youngboysreallygrowfast.Bothofmysunsarealready________thanIam.
A.shorterB.SmallerC.clevererD.taller
7.——DidKatedobestinthefinalexam?
——No,butofallthestudentsshedid___________.
A.themostcarefulB.morecareful
C.mostcarefullyD.morecarefully
8.Somestudieshaveshownthatstudentswhoeatgoodbreakfaststay______anddo________
thanthosewhodon’t.
A.thin,well B.thinner,better
C.thethinnest,thebest D.thinnest,best
9.Canadogrun________ahorse?
A.sofastas B.asfastasC.asfasteras D.sofasterthan
10.LiHuastudiesEnglishvery________andherEnglishis________inherclass
A.careful,good B.carefully,well C.careful,bestD.carefully,thebest
【课后限时作业】
1.Inourcity,itishotinJuly,butit’seven_______inAugust.
A.hotB.hottestC.hoterD.hotter
2.----Waituntilwegetasatisfactoryreply,willyou?
----Icouldn’tagree______.Theideaisgreattome.
A.muchB.moreC.WorseD.atall
3.The____youstudy,the_____you’llbeinit.
A.hard;interestedB.harder;interesting
C.harder;moreinterestedD.hardest;moreinterested
4.Thepatientisn’toutofdanger.Heis_____thanhewasyesterday.
A.nobetterB.worstC.notworseD.notmore
5.LiFangstudiesmuchbetterthan____studentinhisclass.
A.anyB.anyotherC.theotherD.other
6.Idon’tthinkChineseis__________English.
A.asimportantasB.lessimportantC.notsoimportant
7.Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceededinsellingustheideathatthefartherwego,____.
A.ourholidaywillbebetterB.ourholidaywillbebetter
C.thebetterourholidaywillbeD.thebetterwillourholidaybe
8.---Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswer?
---Notatall.Itcouldn’thavebeen___.
A.anybetterB.worseC.asgoodD.bad
9.Ijumphigherthan_______inmyclass.
A.anyotherboysB.theotherboysC.anyboyD.anotherboy
10.——Whichisthe______seasonoftheyear?
——Winter.
A.coldB.coldestC.colderD.morecolder
11.Whichsubjectis______,physicsorchemistry?
A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting
12.——I’mgettingfatterandfatter.WhatshouldIdo,doctor?
——You’dbettereat_______meatandtake___
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