国际联盟盟约.docx
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国际联盟盟约.docx
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国际联盟盟约
TheCovenantoftheLeagueofNations
(IncludingAmendmentsadoptedtoDecember,1924)
THEHIGHCONTRACTINGPARTIES,
Inordertopromoteinternationalco-operationandtoachieveinternationalpeaceandsecuritybytheacceptanceofobligationsnottoresorttowar,bytheprescriptionofopen,justandhonourablerelationsbetweennations,bythefirmestablishmentoftheunderstandingsofinternationallawastheactualruleofconductamongGovernments,andbythemaintenanceofjusticeandascrupulousrespectforalltreatyobligationsinthedealingsoforganisedpeopleswithoneanother,
AgreetothisCovenantoftheLeagueofNations.
ARTICLE1.
TheoriginalMembersoftheLeagueofNationsshallbethoseoftheSignatorieswhicharenamedintheAnnextothisCovenantandalsosuchofthoseotherStatesnamedintheAnnexasshallaccedewithoutreservationtothisCovenant.SuchaccessionshallbeeffectedbyaDeclarationdepositedwiththeSecretariatwithintwomonthsofthecomingintoforceoftheCovenant.NoticethereofshallbesenttoallotherMembersoftheLeague.
Anyfullyself-governingState,DominionorColonynotnamedintheAnnexmaybecomeaMemberoftheLeagueifitsadmissionisagreedtobytwo-thirdsofthe
Assembly,providedthatitshallgiveeffectiveguaranteesofitssincereintentiontoobserveitsinternationalobligations,andshallacceptsuchregulationsasmaybeprescribedbytheLeagueinregardtoitsmilitary,navalandairforcesandarmaments.
AnyMemberoftheLeaguemay,aftertwoyears'noticeofitsintentionsotodo,withdrawfromtheLeague,providedthatallitsinternationalobligationsandallitsobligationsunderthisCovenantshallhavebeenfulfilledatthetimeofitswithdrawal.
ARTICLE2.
TheactionoftheLeagueunderthisCovenantshallbeeffectedthroughtheinstrumentalityofanAssemblyandofaCouncil,withapermanentSecretariat.
ARTICLE3.
TheAssemblyshallconsistofRepresentativesoftheMembersoftheLeague.
TheAssemblyshallmeetatstatedintervalsandfromtimetotimeasoccasionmayrequireattheSeatoftheLeagueoratsuchotherplaceasmaybedecidedupon.
TheAssemblymaydealatitsmeetingswithanymatterwithinthesphereofactionoftheLeagueoraffectingthepeaceoftheworld.AtmeetingsoftheAssemblyeach
MemberoftheLeagueshallhaveonevote,andmayhavenotmorethanthree
Representatives.
TheCouncilshallconsistofRepresentativesofthePrincipalAlliedand
AssociatedPowers,togetherwithRepresentativesoffourotherMembersoftheLeague.
ThesefourMembersoftheLeagueshallbeselectedbytheAssemblyfromtimetotimeinitsdiscretion.UntiltheappointmentoftheRepresentativesofthefourMembersoftheLeaguefirstselectedbytheAssembly,RepresentativesofBelgium,Brazil,
SpainandGreeceshallbemembersoftheCouncil.
WiththeapprovalofthemajorityoftheAssembly,theCouncilmaynameadditional
MembersoftheLeaguewhoseRepresentativesshallalwaysbemembersoftheCouncil;
theCouncil,withlikeapprovalmayincreasethenumberofMembersoftheLeaguetobeselectedbytheAssemblyforrepresentationontheCouncil.
TheCouncilshallmeetfromtimetotimeasoccasionmayrequire,andatleastonceayear,attheSeatoftheLeague,oratsuchotherplaceasmaybedecidedupon.
TheCouncilmaydealatitsmeetingswithanymatterwithinthesphereofactionoftheLeagueoraffectingthepeaceoftheworld.
AnyMemberoftheLeaguenotrepresentedontheCouncilshallbeinvitedtosendaRepresentativetositasamemberatanymeetingoftheCouncilduringtheconsiderationofmattersspeciallyaffectingtheinterestsofthatMemberofthe
League.
AtmeetingsoftheCouncil,eachMemberoftheLeaguerepresentedontheCouncilshallhaveonevote,andmayhavenotmorethanoneRepresentative.
ExceptwhereotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisCovenantorbythetermsof
thepresentTreaty,decisionsatanymeetingoftheAssemblyoroftheCouncilshall
requiretheagreementofalltheMembersoftheLeaguerepresentedatthemeeting.
AllmattersofprocedureatmeetingsoftheAssemblyoroftheCouncil,
including
theappointmentofCommitteestoinvestigateparticularmatters,shallbe
regulated
bytheAssemblyorbytheCouncilandmaybedecidedbyamajorityoftheMembers
oftheLeaguerepresentedatthemeeting.
ThefirstmeetingoftheAssemblyandthefirstmeetingoftheCouncilshall
besummonedbythePresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.
ARTICLE6.
ThepermanentSecretariatshallbeestablishedattheSeatoftheLeague.The
SecretariatshallcompriseaSecretaryGeneralandsuchsecretariesandstaffas
mayberequired.
ThefirstSecretaryGeneralshallbethepersonnamedintheAnnex;thereafter
theSecretaryGeneralshallbeappointedbytheCouncilwiththeapprovalofthe
majorityoftheAssembly.
ThesecretariesandstaffoftheSecretariatshallbeappointedbythe
Secretary
GeneralwiththeapprovaloftheCouncil.
TheSecretaryGeneralshallactinthatcapacityatallmeetingsoftheAssembly
andoftheCouncil.
TheexpensesoftheLeagueshallbebornebytheMembersoftheLeagueinthe
proportiondecidedbytheAssembly.
ARTICLE7.
TheSeatoftheLeagueisestablishedatGeneva.
TheCouncilmayatanytimedecidethattheSeatoftheLeagueshallbeestablishedelsewhere.
AllpositionsunderorinconnectionwiththeLeague,includingtheSecretariat,shallbeopenequallytomenandwomen.
RepresentativesoftheMembersoftheLeagueandofficialsoftheLeaguewhenengagedonthebusinessoftheLeagueshallenjoydiplomaticprivilegesandimmunities.
ThebuildingsandotherpropertyoccupiedbytheLeagueoritsofficialsorby
Representativesattendingitsmeetingsshallbeinviolable.
ARTICLE8.
TheMembersoftheLeaguerecognisethatthemaintenanceofpeacerequiresthereductionofnationalarmamentstothelowestpointconsistentwithnationalsafetyandtheenforcementbycommonactionofinternationalobligations.
TheCouncil,takingaccountofthegeographicalsituationandcircumstancesofeachState,shallformulateplansforsuchreductionfortheconsiderationandactionoftheseveralGovernments.Suchplansshallbesubjecttoreconsiderationandrevisionatleasteverytenyears.
AftertheseplansshallhavebeenadoptedbytheseveralGovernments,thelimitsofarmamentsthereinfixedshallnotbeexceededwithouttheconcurrenceofthe
Council.
TheMembersoftheLeagueagreethatthemanufacturebyprivateenterpriseofmunitionsandimplementsofwarisopentograveobjections.TheCouncilshalladvisehowtheevileffectsattendantuponsuchmanufacturecanbeprevented,dueregardbeinghadtothenecessitiesofthoseMembersoftheLeaguewhicharenotabletomanufacturethemunitionsandimplementsofwarnecessaryfortheirsafety.
TheMembersoftheLeagueundertaketointerchangefullandfrankinformationastothescaleoftheirarmaments,theirmilitary,navalandairprogrammesandtheconditionofsuchoftheirindustriesasareadaptabletowar-likepurposes.
ARTICLE9.
ApermanentCommissionshallbeconstitutedtoadvisetheCouncilontheexecutionoftheprovisionsofArticles1and8andonmilitary,navalandairquestionsgenerally.
ARTICLE10.
TheMembersoftheLeagueundertaketorespectandpreserveasagainstexternalaggressiontheterritorialintegrityandexistingpoliticalindependenceofall
MembersoftheLeague.IncaseofanysuchaggressionorincaseofanythreatordangerofsuchaggressiontheCouncilshalladviseuponthemeansbywhichthisobligationshallbefulfilled.
Anywarorthreatofwar,whetherimmediatelyaffectinganyoftheMembersoftheLeagueornot,isherebydeclaredamatterofconcerntothewholeLeague,andtheLeagueshalltakeanyactionthatmaybedeemedwiseandeffectualtosafeguardthepeaceofnations.IncaseanysuchemergencyshouldarisetheSecretaryGeneralshallontherequestofanyMemberoftheLeagueforthwithsummonameetingofthe
Council.
ItisalsodeclaredtobethefriendlyrightofeachMemberoftheLeaguetoaffectinginternationalrelationswhichthreatenstodisturbinternationalpeaceorthegoodunderstandingbetweennationsuponwhichpeacedepends.
bringtotheattentionoftheAssemblyor
oftheCouncilanycircumstancewhatever
ARTICLE12.
TheMembersoftheLeagueagreethat,ifthereshouldarisebetweenthemanydisputelikelytoleadtoarupturetheywillsubmitthemattereithertoarbitrationorjudicialsettlementortoenquirybytheCouncil,andtheyagreeinnocasetoresorttowaruntilthreemonthsaftertheawardbythearbitratorsorthejudicialdecision,orthereportbytheCouncil.InanycaseunderthisArticletheawardofthearbitratorsorthejudicialdecisionshallbemadewithinareasonabletime,andthereportoftheCouncilshallbemadewithinsixmonthsafterthesubmissionofthedispute.
ARTICLE13.
TheMembersoftheLeagueagreethatwheneveranydisputeshallarisebetweenthemwhichtheyrecognisetobesuitableforsubmissiontoarbitrationorjudicial
settlementandwhichcannotbesatisfactorilysettledbydipIomacy,theywillsubmitthewholesubject-mattertoarbitrationorjudicialsettlement.
Disputesastotheinterpretationofatreaty,astoanyquestionofinternational
law,astotheexisteneeofanyfactwhichifestablishedwouldconstituteabreachofanyinternationalobligation,orastotheextentandnatureofthereparationtobemadeforanysuchbreach,aredeclaredtobeamongthosewhicharegenerallysuitableforsubmissiontoarbitrationorjudicialsettlement.
Fortheconsiderationofanysuchdispute,thecourttowhichthecasei
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