考研英语二真题版.docx
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考研英语二真题版.docx
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考研英语二真题版
考研英语二2007年真题
Section1ICloze(10points)
Directions:
Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage.therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.
Advancingagemeanslosingyourhair,yourwaistlineandyourmemory,right?
DanaDenisisjust40yearsold,but21she'sworriedaboutwhatshecalls'myrollingmentalblackouts.""ItrytoremembersomethingandIjustblankout,"shesays
Youmay22abouttheselapses,callingthem"seniormoments"orblaming"earlyAlzheimer's(老年痴呆症)."Isitaninescapablefactthattheolderyouget,the23yourememberWell,sortof.Butastimegoesby,wetendtoblameage24problemsthatarenotnecessarilyage-related.
"Whenateenagercan'tfindherkeys,shethinksit'sbecauseshe'sdistractedordisorganized,"saysPaulGold."A70-year-oldblamesher25."Infact,the70-year-oldmayhavebeen26thingsfordecades.
Inhealthypeople,memorydoesn'tworsenas27asmanyofusthink."Aswe28,thememorymechanismisn't29,"sayspsychologistFergusCraik."It'sjustinefficient."
Thebrain'sprocessing30slowsdownovertheyears,thoughnooneknowsexactly31.Recentresearchsuggeststhatnervecellsloseefficiencyand32there'slessactivityinthebrain.But,cautionsBarryGordon,"It'snotclearthatlessactivityis33.Abeginningathleteiswinded(气喘吁吁)moreeasilythana34athlete.Inthesameway,35thebraingetsmoreskilledatatask,itexpendslessenergyonit."
Thereare36youcantaketocompensatefornormalslippageinyourmemorygears,thoughit37effort.MargaretSewellsays:
"We'reaquick-fixculture,butyouhaveto38tokeepyourbrain39shape.It'slikehavingagoodbody.YouCan'tgotothegymonceayear40expecttostayintopform."
21.A.almostB.seldomC.alreadyD.never
22.A.jokeB.laughC.blameD.criticize
23.A.muchB.littleC.moreD.less
24.A.sinceB.forC.byD.because
25.A.memoryB.mindC.troubleD.health
26.A.disorganizingB.misplacingC.puttingD.finding
27.A.swiftlyB.frequentlyC.timelyD.quickly
28.A.matureB.advanceC.ageD.grow
29.A.brokenB.poorC.perfectD.working
30.A.patternB.timeC.spaceD.information
31.A.whyB.howC.whatD.when
32.A.sinceB.henceC.thatD.although
33.A.irregularB.betterC.normalD.worse
34.A.famousB.seniorC.popularD.trained
35.A.asB.tillC.thoughD.yet
36.A.stagesB.stepsC.advantagesD.purposes
37.A.makesB.takesC.doesD.spends
38.A.restB.comeC.workD.study
39.A.toB.forC.onD.in
40.A.soB.orC.andD.if
SectionⅢReadingComprehension(40points)
Directions:
Thereare4passagesinthispart,Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Priortothe20thcentury,manylanguageswithsmallnumbersofspeakerssurvivedforcenturies.Theincreasinglyinterconnectedmodernworldmakesitmuchmoredifficultforsmalllanguagecommunitiestoliveinrelativeisolation,akeyfactorinlanguagemaintenanceandpreservation.
Itremainstobeseenwhethertheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticandculturaldiversityinthecenturiesahead.Manypowerfulforcesappeartoworkagainstit:
populationgrowth,whichpushesmigrantpopulationsintotheworld'slastisolatedlocations;masstourism;globaltelecommunicationsandmassmedia;andthespreadofgiganticglobalcorporations.Alloftheseforcesappeartosignifyafutureinwhichthelanguageofadvertising,popularculture,andconsumerproductsbecomesimilar.AlreadyEnglishandafewothermajortongueshaveemergedasgloballanguagesofcommerceandcommunication.Formanyoftheworld'speoples,learningoneoftheselanguagesisviewedasthekeytoeducation,economicopportunity,andabetterwayoflife.
Onlyabout3,000languagesnowinuseareexpectedtosurvivethecomingcentury.AremostoftherestdoomedinthecenturyafterthatWhethermostoftheselanguagessurvivewillprobablydependonhowstronglyculturalgroupswishtokeeptheiridentityalivethroughanativelanguage.Todosowillrequireanemphasisonbilingualism(masteryoftwolanguages).Bilingualspeakerscouldusetheirownlanguageinsmallerspheres---athome,amongfriends,incommunitysettings---andagloballanguageatwork,indealingswithgovernment,andincommercialspheres.Inthisway,manysmalllanguagescouldsustaintheirculturalandlinguisticintegrityalongsidegloballanguages,ratherthanyieldtothehomogenizing(同化的)forcesofglobalization.
Ironically,thetrendoftechnologicalinnovationthathasthreatenedminoritylanguagescouldalsohelpsavethem.Forexample,someexpertspredictthatcomputersoftwaretranslationtoolswillonedaypermitminoritylanguagespeakerstobrowsetheInternetusingtheirnativetongues.
Linguistsarecurrentlyusingcomputer-aidedlearningtoolstoteachavarietyofthreatenedlanguages.
Formanyendangeredlanguages,thelinebetweenrevivalanddeathisextremelythin.Languageisremarkablyresilient(有活力的),however.Itisnotjustatoolforcommunicating,butalsoapowerfulwayofseparatingdifferentgroups,orofdemonstratinggroupidentity.Manyindigenous(原生的,土著的)communitieshaveshownthatitispossibletoliveinthemodernworldwhilereclaimingtheiruniqueidentitiesthroughlanguage.
41.Minoritylanguagescanbebestpreservedin__________.
A.anincreasinglyinterconnectedworld
B.maintainingsmallnumbersofspeakers
C.relativelyisolatedlanguagecommunities
D.followingthetraditionofthe20thcentury
42.AccordingtoParagraph2,thattheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticdiversityinthefutureis_______.
A.uncertainB.unrealisticC.foreseeableD.definite
43.Accordingtotheauthor,bilingualismcanhelp_________.
A.smalllanguagesbecomeacceptableinworkplaces
B.homogenizetheworld'slanguagesandcultures
C.globallanguagesreachhomeandcommunitysettings
D.speakersmaintaintheirlinguisticandculturalidentity
44.Computertechnologyishelpfulforpreservingminoritylanguagesinthatit_________.
A.makeslearningagloballanguageunnecessary
B.facilitatesthelearningandusingofthoselanguages
C.raisespublicawarenessofsavingthoselanguages
D.makesiteasierforlinguiststostudythoselanguages
45.Intheauthor'sview,manyendangeredlanguagesare________.
A.remarkablywell-keptinthismodernworld
B.exceptionallypowerfultoolsofcommunication
C.quitepossibletoberevivedinsteadofdyingout
D.auniquewayofbringingdifferentgroupstogether
Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Everyone,itseems,hasahealthproblem。
AfterpouringbillionsintotheNationalHealthService,Britishpeoplemoanaboutdirtyhospitals,longwaitsandwastedmoney.InGermanythenewchancellor,AngelaMerkel,isunderfireforsuggestingchangingthefinancingofitshealthsystem.Canada'snewConservativePrimeMinister,StephenHarper,madeabigfussduringtheelectionaboutreducingthecountry'slengthymedicalqueues.Acrosstherichworld,affluence,ageingandadvancingtechnologyaredrivinguphealthspendingfasterthanincome.
ButnowherehasabiggerhealthproblemthanAmerica.Soaringmedicalbillsaresqueezingwages,swellingtheranksoftheuninsuredandpushinghugefirmsandperhapseventhegovernmenttowardsbankruptcy.Ford'sannouncementthisweekthatitwouldcutupto30.000jobsby2012wasasmuchasignofit's"legacy"health-carecostsasoftheillsofthecarindustry.Pushedbypollsthatshowhealthcareisoneofhismaindomesticproblemsandbyforecastsshowingthattheretiringbaby-boomers(生育高峰期出生的人)willcrushthegovernment'sfinances,GeorgeBushisto
unveilareform;planinnextweek'sstate-of-the-unionaddress.
America'shealthsystemisunlikeanyother.TheUniteStatesspends16%ofitsGDPonhealth,aroundtwicetherich-countryaverage,equivalentto$6,280foreveryAmericaneachyear.Yetitistheonlyrichcountrythatdoesnotguaranteeuniversalhealthcoverage.Thankstoanaccidentofhistory,mostAmericansreceivehealthinsurancethroughtheiremployer,withthegovernmentpickingupthebillforthepoorandtheelderly.
Thiscurioushybrid(混合物)certainlyhasitsstrengths.Americanshavemorechoicethananybodyelse,andtheirhealth-caresystemismuchmoreinnovative.Europeans'billscouldbemuchhigherifAmericanmedicinewerenotdoingmuchoftheirResearchandDevelopment(R&D)forthem.Buttherearealsohugeweaknesses.Theonemostoftencited-especiallybyforeigners-isthearmyofuninsured.Some46millionAmericansdonothavecover.Inmanycasesthatisoutofchoiceand,iftheyfallseriouslyill,hospitalshavetotreatthem.Butitisstilldeeplyunequal.Andtherearealsoshockinginefficiencies:
bysomemeasures,30%ofAmericanhealthspendingiswasted.
Thenthereisthequestionofstatesupport.ManyAmericansdisapproveofthe"socializedmedicine"ofCanadaandEurope.Infact,evenifmuchoftheadministrationisdoneprivately,around60%ofAmerica'sheath-carebillendsupbeingmetbythegovernment.Proportionately,theAmericanstatealreadyspendsasmuchonhealthastheOECD(OrganizationofEconomicCooperationandDevelopment)average,andthatshareissettogrowasthebaby-boomersrunuptheirMedicarebillsandevermoreemployersavoidprovidinghealth-carecoverage.Americais,ineffect,headingtowardsaversionofsocializedmedicinebydefault.
46.Healthproblemsmentioned
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