新外研版高中英语必修三 Unit 3 The world of science Part Ⅲ Developing ideas.docx
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新外研版高中英语必修三 Unit 3 The world of science Part Ⅲ Developing ideas.docx
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新外研版高中英语必修三Unit3TheworldofsciencePartⅢDevelopingideas
PartⅢ Developingideas
FRANKLIN’SEXPERIMENT:
HowMuchIsTrue?
BenjaminFranklin’sfamousexperimentwithlightninghasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.However,newresearchsuggests
(1)thatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.
Thewell-knownstoryis
(2)thattheAmericanFoundingFatherandscientistflewakiteduringastormin1752.Atthattime,therewasmuchinterestinelectricity.Peoplewantedtoknow(3)iflightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricityorsomethingelse.Franklinwasoneofthem.Heraisedthekite(4)withapieceofstringtiedtoit.Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.Aflashoflightninghitthekite,andelectricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Franklinthentouchedthekeywithhisfingerandgotanelectricshock.This,hesaid,proved(5)thatlightningwasaformofelectricity.
Formanyyears,schoolshavetaughtthestoryofFranklin’slightningexperiment.Morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachto(6)lookingforthetruth.Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtus(7)thatscientificexperimentsareimportant(8)inordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.
However,neitherthestorynorthedetailsoftheexperimentareentirelytrue.(9)AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace,morethanonescientisthasquestioned(10)whatreallyhappened.Thedetailaboutthestringandthekeyistrue.Butscientistsallagree(11)thatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.
Scientistsoftenquestionacceptedideas(12)becausetheywanttoestablishthefacts.Somehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapple(13)thatfellonNewton’sheadandledhimtocomeupwithhistheoryofgravity.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggests(14)thatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.
Admittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth.PeoplehavebeenmoreinspiredbyFranklin’sspiritofscientificexplorationthanbythefactsthemselves.Butinscience,factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverything(15)wereadorhear—(16)evenifitisagreatstory.
(1)that引导宾语从句,作动词suggest的宾语。
(2)that引导表语从句,对主语story进行解释说明。
(3)if引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,作动词know的宾语。
(4)withapieceofstringtiedtoit为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构。
(5)that引导宾语从句,作动词proved的宾语。
(6)lookingforthetruth作介词to的宾语,故用动名词形式。
(7)that引导宾语从句,作动词teach的宾语。
(8)inordertoestablish...不定式作目的状语。
(9)although引导让步状语从句,其中it作形式主语,that引导主语从句,作真正的主语。
(10)what引导宾语从句,作动词question的宾语。
(11)that引导宾语从句,作动词agree的宾语。
(12)because引导原因状语从句。
(13)that引导定语从句,指代先行词apple。
(14)that引导宾语从句,作动词suggest的宾语。
其中while引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管”。
(15)本句为定语从句,省略了关系代词that,修饰先行词everything。
(16)evenif引导让步状语从句,意为“即使”。
①generationn.代,一代人
②fictionn.小说
③insteadof代替;而不是
④conductv.引导;带领
⑤morethan超过;多于
⑥beamazedby因……而惊讶
⑦braveryn.勇气
⑧approachto……的方法
⑨lookfor寻找
⑩alongwith和……一起
⑪establishv.建立;创立
⑫takeplace发生
⑬diefrom死于……
⑭acceptv.接受
⑮comeupwith提出
⑯gravityn.重力
⑰accountn.解释
⑱proofn.证据
⑲admittedlyadv.诚然,无可否认
⑳inspirev.激励
explorationn.探索
StepⅠ Generalreading
Matcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.
Para.1 A.Questioningacceptedideas.
Para.2B.Benefitsofthestoriesaboutexploringscience.
Para.3C.BenjaminFranklin’sfamousexperiment.
Para.4D.Factsshouldbeproved.
Para.5E.Introductionofthetopic.
Para.6F.Noteverythingabouttheexperimentistrue.
答案 Para.1—E Para.2—C Para.3—B
Para.4—F Para.5—A Para.6—D
StepⅡ Factualreading
Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.
1.WhatdidFranklin’sfamousexperimentaimtoprove?
A.Itisdangeroustoflyakiteduringastorm.
B.Peoplewereinterestedinelectricity.
C.Franklinwasagreatscientist.
D.Lightningwasrelatedtoelectricity.
2.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?
A.Schoolsshouldcarryoutmoreexperiments.
B.Franklin’slightningexperimentinfluencesstudentsmuch.
C.Itisimportanttofindtruth.
D.JustonegenerationofstudentsarecuriousaboutFranklin.
3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Franklindiedfromanelectricshock.
B.Acceptedideasareworthquestioning.
C.ItisgenerallybelievedthatanapplefellonNewton’shead.
D.Fictionismoreinterestingthanthetruth.
4.Whatshouldwedotoprovefacts?
A.Makingupfictions.
B.Exploringscience.
C.Carryingoutexperiments.
D.Educatingmoreschoolchildren.
5.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthestoryofFranklin’sexperiment?
A.DoubtfulB.Curious
C.ObjectiveD.Notmentioned
答案 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
StepⅢ Clozetest
Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.
BenjaminFranklinoncecarriedoutafamousexperiment1.to__prove(prove)thatlightningwasaformofelectricity.Heraised2.akitewithapieceofstringtiedtoitandmetalkey3.attached(attach)tothestring.Whenaflashoflightninghitthekite,Franklingotanelectricshockby4.touching(touch)thekey.Formanyyears,schools5.have__taught(teach)thestoryoftheexperimentinordertoestablishthe6.truth(true).However,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffactbecausescientistsallagreethatifFranklin7.had__touched(touch)thekeyactually,hewouldcertainlyhavedied8.fromtheelectricshock.Admittedly,fictionisoften9.more__interesting(interest)thanthetruth.Butinscience,factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,and10.howevergreatastoryis,weshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear.
1.injurev.使受伤,弄伤
·Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!
(教材P29)
受益的不仅是人类——在巴西,人们给在森林火灾中受伤的陆龟换上了一个新的3D打印的外壳。
·Ifyouexerciselikethat,you’lldoyourselfaninjury!
如果你那样锻炼的话,你会受伤的!
·Butnow,becausemyleftfootwasinjuredinthefootballgame,Icannotgowithyouasplanned.但现在,由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了,我不能像计划的那样和你一起去了。
·Aftertheaccident,theinjuredweretakentothenearesthospitalinnotime.
事故发生后,受伤的人立刻被送进了最近的医院。
►选词填空(injure/hurt/wound)
①Itreallyhurtsthatyou’dbelieveherinsteadofme.
②Hedidn’trealizethathewasinjureduntilthefirehadbeenputout.
③Inthemostrecentattackonemanwasshotdeadandtwootherswerewounded.
④Afterbeingwoundedinthefighting,hewasinjuredinanaccident,whichhurthiswifeverymuch.
【巧学助记】
不同程度的“伤害”
单词一族
injuryn. 伤害;损伤;受伤处
injuredadj.受伤的
用法总结
dosbaninjury加害于某人;伤害某人
theinjured伤者
易混辨析 injure,hurt,wound
injure
多指在意外事故中受伤,也指损害健康、成就、荣誉、自尊等
hurt
作及物动词,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上或感情上的伤害;作不及物动词时,是“疼痛”之意
wound
作动词,表示在战斗、搏斗中受伤;作名词时,表示创伤
2.curen.疗法;药剂;治愈v.治愈,治疗
·Currently,there’snocureforAlzheimer’s,butscientistsareresearchingwaystoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeoplelivingwiththedisease.(教材P31)
目前,阿尔茨海默氏症还没有治愈的方法,但是科学家们正在研究提高阿尔茨海默氏症患者生活质量的方法。
·Wecouldusecloningtocureillnesses.我们可以使用克隆(技术)来治疗疾病。
·Wehavetocurethechildofbadhabits.我们必须纠正孩子的坏习惯。
·Doctorsarenowabletocurepeopleofmanydiseaseswhichinformertimeswouldhavekilledthem.
现在,医生能够治愈过去的许多不治之症。
►选词填空(cure/treat)/补全句子
①WhenIlefthospitalIwascompletelycured.
②Afamousdoctoristreatingherforherillness.
③Theyoungdoctorcured__the__patient__ofhisstrangeillness.
这个年轻的医生治好了这个病人的怪病。
④Thedoctortriedmanywaysto__treat/of__treating__the__little__girl.
医生尝试了许多方法去给小女孩治病。
单词一族
curableadj. 可治愈的
用法总结
curesbofsth治愈某人(的病等);纠正/消除某人(的弊病等)
acurefor...……的一种治疗法
beyondcure不可救药
易混辨析 cure,treat
cure
作为动词,多用于疾病方面,强调结果,意为“治好”,是及物动词,其主语可以是医生,也可以是某种药。
表示“治好某人的某种疾病”,要用curesbofsth来表示。
treat
强调治疗的动作,不涉及结果,用于treatsbforsth结构中。
3.attachv.系;绑;贴;连接;(使)附属;(使隶属)
·Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.(教材P32)一把金属钥匙系在绳子上。
·Ihaveattachedmyphototoyouinmylastemail,pleasecheckitintheattachment.我已经把我的照片附在上次给你的邮件里了,请在附件里查一下。
·Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.我认为这项研究十分重要。
·Atonetimetheschoolsweremainlyattachedtothechurch.
这些学校曾一度归教会主管。
·Preventingcrimeisahugesocialsystemproject,soitneedssocialforcetoattachitselftoit.
预防犯罪是一项宏大的社会系统工程,需要全社会力量共同参与。
►单句语法填空
①Nowyoucanbuycamerasthatattachtoyourwrist,ear,bikehelmetandeyeglasses.
②Themiddleschoolattached(attach)toBeijingNormalUniversityiswell-knownacrossthecountry.
③Whydoyouattachyourself(you)toonlyoneclubwhenyouwanttolearnmoreskills?
④Parentsshouldattachimportancetodeveloping(develop)children’sgoodhabitsinlife.
单词一族
attachmentn.附件;喜爱;连接
用法总结
beattachedtosb/sth依恋;附属于
attachsthtosth把……附在……之上
attachoneselftosb参加;和……在一起
attachtosb/sth与……联系
attachimportanceto重视
名师提醒
attach...to...中的to为介词,其后接名词、代词或动名词。
4.accountn.记述;描述;账目;账户
·Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.(教材P33)事实上,不止一种说法认为,牛顿的灵感当然来自于一个掉落的苹果,但并没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。
·Theflightwaspostponedonaccountofbadweather.
因为天气恶劣,飞行延期了。
·Theminoritynationalitiesaccountforsixpercentofthepopulation.
少数民族占人口的百分之六。
·Hisexamresultswerenotverygood,butwemusttakeintoaccounthislongillness.他的考试成绩不很好,但我们必须考虑到他曾经长期生病。
►单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Maryoftendoespart-timejobstoearnextramoney,whichaccountsforhalfofherincome.
②Onaccountofhisillness,hewasneverleftalone.
③Thegovernmentshouldtakeaccountoftheinterestsofthedisabled.
→Thegovernmentshouldtaketheinterestsofthedisabledinto__account.
用法总结
onaccountof 因为;由于
takeaccountof=take...intoaccount考虑到;把……考虑进去
accountfor(数量上)占;解释/说明
1.lookfor寻找
·M
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