阎峰初中英语语法专练汇总.docx
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阎峰初中英语语法专练汇总.docx
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阎峰初中英语语法专练汇总
主谓一致
主谓语一致是指谓语动词要与主语单、复数形式及人称变化相一致。
主要包括三个原则:
1.形式上的一致。
例如:
Thechildisplayingoutside.
那孩子正在外面玩。
(主语和谓语动词都是单数形式)
Thechildren,playingoutside.
孩子们正在外面玩。
(主语和谓语动词都是复数形式)
2.意义上的一致。
例如:
ThefamilywerewatchingTVlastnight.
昨晚全家(人)在看电视。
(主语是单数名词family,但表示复数意念,故用复数形式的动词were)
3.邻近原则,即谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词或代词一致。
例如:
Thereisabookandtwopencilsonthedesk.课桌上有一本书和两支铅笔。
(主语abookandtwopencils虽是复数形式,但谓语动词与abook邻近,故用单数形式is.)
下面我们从名词作主语、代词作主语和数词作主语三方面来具体说说它们与谓语动词一致的问题。
1.名词作主语与谓语动词的一致
(1)主语是单数名词,谓语须用单数形式。
但有时表示复数概念,谓语动词则应用复数形式,如family,people,police,enemy等,看起来是单数形式,谓语动词却常用复数形式因为这些词表示复数意念,作集体名词。
(2)主语是复数名词时,谓语动词须用复数形式。
但若主语表示单数或整体概念时,谓语则应用单数形式的动词。
(3)有些名词以s结尾,但却是单数。
如:
news,physics,maths,politics等。
所以谓语动词应用单数形式。
(4)当主语是两个名词由明d连接时,若表示一种事物或一种概念时,应用单数形式的动词。
(5)有every或each修饰的单数名词并列时,谓语动词用单数形式。
第二个every或each可省略。
(6)在邻近原则中:
①在”名(代)词+or+名(代)词”作主语时,谓语动词应与or后的名(代)词一致。
②”either+名(代)词+or+名(代)词”作主语时,谓语动词应与or后的词一致。
③neither+名(代)词+nor+名(代)词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应与nor后的词保持一致。
。
④notonly+名(代)词+but(also)+名(代)词”作主语时,谓语动词与but(also)后的名(代)词保持一致。
⑤在There玩…句型中,玩动词要与第一个主语的单复数一致。
(7)主语是表示部分的名词+of+名(代)词时
①”oneof+名(代)词复数”为主语时,谓语通常为单数形式。
②”apairof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词常为单数,若pair是复数pairs时,动词为复数形式。
③”(a)partof+名词”作主语时,若名词是单数,谓语动词则为单数形式;若名词是复数时,谓语动词则为复数形式。
④”agroupof+名词”作主语时,强调整体,动词用单数形式;若强调gyp中的各成员,动词用复数形式。
⑤、numberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式(anumberof=many)。
”thenumberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式,它的意思是”…的数字或数量”。
例如:
⑥、lotof(或lotsof)+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但如果是一个不可数名词作主语,谓语动词则用单数形式。
例如:
⑦”mostof十名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词是复数形式;但如果是一个不可数名词作主语,谓语动词则用单数形式。
例如:
⑧”plentyof+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;若+名词复数作主语,谓语动词则为复数形式。
例如:
(8)主语为短语或句子时,谓语动词应用单数形式。
2.代词作主语与谓语动词的一致
(1)all作主语时,若谓语动词用单数形式,则表示一个整体;若用复数形式,则表示复数概念。
(2)any作主语,这可根据其数量概念,而选用单数或复数形式动词。
(3)”eachof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词单数形式。
(4)”either/neither+of+名(代)词复数”作主语时,谓语动词通常为单数形式。
(5)”none或noneof+名(代)词复数”作主语时,谓语动词单、复数皆可。
但若指明的是不可数名词时,谓语动词只能用单数。
例如:
(6)All/Most/Half/Part/Some/Therestof+不可数名词+动词的单数形式
(7)All/Most/Half/Part/Some/Therestof+复数名词+动词的复数形式
3.数词作主语和谓语动词的一致
(1)语法的一致。
(2)意念一致。
主谓一致专项练习
选择填空:
1.Notallthechildren____goingtothepark.
A.likesB.likeC.doesn'tlikeD.don'tlike
2.Everyoneintheschool____Englishwell.
A.speaksB.speakC.havespokenD.speakin
3.Notonlythechildrenbutalsotheirfather____intown.
A.isB.wereC.areD.havebeen
4.EitherheorI____wrong.
A.amB.doesC.areD.makes
5.Theold_____well_____hereverywell.
A.are;lookedB.is;lookedafterC.are;lookedafterD.is;looked
6.Eachboyandeachgirl____tohelp.
A.asks.B.askC.isaskedD.areask
7._____ofthem______YoungPioneers.
A.Two-fiver;isB.Two-fifths;areC.Second-fifth;areD.Two-five;are
8.NeitherJimnorhisparents____inAmerica.
A.livesB.livingC.toliveD.live
9.______wasbeginningtolaugh.
A.AllclassB.The'wholeclassC.AlltheclassesD.Theallclass
10.Howmanystudents____inyourclass?
A.arethereB.isthereC.thereareD.thereis
11.There____severalfishinthebasket?
A.areB.isC.hasD.have
12.Whose______those?
A.boxareB.boxesareC.boxisD.boxesis
13.Thewindowsofourclassroom____everyday.
A.iscleanedB.arecleanedC.arecleaningD.iscleaning
14.Youandshe____ofthesameage.
A.isB.wasC.areD.were
15.Thenewshetoldyou____verywonderful.
A.isB.soundC.areD.am
16.Anoldmanwithhistwochildren____downtheroadnow.
A.comesB.iscomingC.arecorningD.wascoming
17.Therestofthemilk______hot.
A.areB.looklikeC.isD.taste
18.TheBrowns____gettingreadyforthepicnic.
A.areB.isC.canbeD.hasbeen
19.TheChinesepeople____agreatandworkingpeople
A.willbeB.isC.areD.maybe
20.Where____myglasses?
Ican'tfindthem.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
21.ClassTwo____alloutwhenthedooropened.
A.areB.isC.wereD.was
22.Theteacherandwriter____tovisitourschool.
A.iscomingB.arecomingC.havecomeD.wascoming
23.PlayingbasketballandwatchingTV____bothinteresting.
A.areB.isC.were.D.was
24.Amanwithababy____tothemarket.
A.arecomingB、iscomingC.were,comingD.istocome
25.Oneortwowords____wronginthatsentences.
A.isB.areC.doD.does
26.Noneofthemoney_____mine.
A.areB.isC.haveD.has
27.Fivebuses____enoughforallofus.
A.areB.isC.willD.arelooking
28.Halfoftheapples____good.
A.lookB.looksC.islookedD.arelooking
29.____thereanybodyintheclassroom?
A.AreB.IsC.HasD.Have
30.Eachofthehooks_____aredcover.
A.haveB.hasC.isD.are
31.Thesebookseach_____toomuch.
A.costsB.costC.iscostD.hascost
32.Tenthousanddollars____alotofmoney.
A.isB.C.mean‘D.thought
33.Anumberofstudents____fromtheUSA.
A.isB.areC.comesD.was
34.Thesocks____mine.
A.areB.isC.amD.were
35.Wheneachperson____,theymusttakeofftheircoats.
A.comesinB.comeinC.arecominginD.came
36.Everyoneintheclass____veryhappy.
A.isB.areC.amD.were
37.Few_____nearhere.
A.livesB.liveC.isliving-D.wasliving
38.Thiskindofapple____good.
A.tasteB.tastesC.willtasteD.tasted
39.Somenewtypesofbus____onshow.
A.isB.are-C.beD.was
40.Readingaloud____veryimportantinlearningaforeignlanguage.
A.AreB.isC.hasD.have
41.Whathesaid_____untrue.
A.wasB.isC.areD.were
42.Football____myfavouritesport.
A.isB.areC.beD.were
43.Thegirl'steacherandfriend____ayoungdoctor.
A.isBareC.bedD.being
44.Everythingaroundus____OK.
A.areB.havegone.C.hasgoneD.isgone
45.Myoldtrousers_____washednow.
A.areB.isC.arebeingD.isbeing
46.Thispairoftrousers____toolongformetowear.
A.areB.isC.has’D.have
47.Thirtykilos____tooheavyforme.
A.isB.areC.takesD.take
48.Aremybooksonthetable?
No,there____onthetable.
A.aren'tanythingB‘isn'tanythingC.aren'tsomethingD.isn'tsomething
49.Hisfamily____goingtohavealongjourney.
A.hasB.haveC.isD.are
50.Hisfamily____veryworriedabouthim.
A.areB.isC.hasD.have
51.Notmanyfamilies____cars
A.hasB.ownC.thereisD.thereare
52.Here____somenewkindsofcomputers.
A.isB.areC.haveD.has
53.NobodybutJane____thesecret.
A.knowsB.knowC.haveknowD.isknown
54.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth____sea.
A.isB.areC.wereD.hasbeen
55.Allbutone____herejustnow.
A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were
56.Aforkandknife____,thetable.
A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen
57.Eachboyandgirl____anewbook.
A.aregivenB.wasgivenC.beinggivenD.weregiven
58.Theold____takengoodcareofinourcountry.
A.isB.hasC.areD.have
59.Morethan,person____madethesuggestion.
A.wasB.hasC.wereD.have
60.Halfofthestudents____madethesamemistake.
A.hasB.haveC.isD.are
61.______goodexercise.
A.ClimbinghillsisB.ClimbingthehillisC.Theclimbinghill,D.Theclimbingofhill,
62.Thefirsttwoquestionswereeasy,buttherestofthem_____not.
A.wasB.wereC.beingD.tohe
63.Twentydollars____enoughforthecoat.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
64.Fiveminusthree____two.
A.isB.areC.amD.were
65.Myoldfriendandschoolmate____inBeijing.
A.liveB.livingC.arelivingD.lives
66.Heaswellashisclassmates____physics
A.likeB.likesC.havelikedD.liked
67.Mr.Blackwithhiswife____visitingChinanow.
A.areB.isC.wereD.was
68.Eitheroftheanswers_____right
A.areB.wereC.isD.work
69.Heisoneofthebestteacherswho____atourschool.
A.worksB.workingC.isworkingD.work
70.There____alwaysalotofgoodnewsovertheradio.
A.areB.isC.wereD.havebeen
71.His____newbooks.
A.isB.amC.wasD.are
72.AllIcansay____thatshehasbeenalwaysgoodtome.
A.isB.areC.wereD.he
73.Anumberofstudents____come.
A.hasB.haveC.havingD.is
74.Thenumberofstudentsinthisclass____forty.
A.areB.wereC.isD.havebeen
75.Noneofthem____ofanyuseto”.
A.is-B.wereC.wasD.being
76.Theblind____help.
A.needingB.needsC.doesneedD.need
77,There____adictionaryandsomebooksontheshelf.
A.isB.areC.wereD.havebeen
78.Noteachers-presentatthemeeting.
A.wasB.beC.wereD.is
79.Breadandbutter____theirdailyfood.
A.isB.areC.wereD.seemtobe
80.Manyastudent____greatprogressinstudy.
A.havemadeB.makeC.hasmade.D.aremaking
81.Everyboyandgirl____highspirits.
A.areinB.wereinC.lookinD.isin
82.Mine___anewbook.
A.wereB.areC.isD.havebeen
83.'liedoctorandthewriter____fromAmerica.
A.isB.areC.amD.were
84.Nonews____good\news
A.areB.isC.amD.were
85.Morethanamonth____sinceMr.Greencamehere.
-A.haspassedB.havepassedC.haspastD.havepast
86.BothlacyandLily____readyforthematch.
A.isnotB.isgettingC.aregettingD.amgetting
87.Threehundreddollarsamonth____notenoughtoliveon
A.areB.is
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