女性主义论文.docx
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女性主义论文.docx
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女性主义论文
Title:
AnAnalysisofATaleofTwoCitiesfromFeminismPerspective
摘要:
本文主要采用MaryWollstonecraft的女性主义研究方法分析查尔斯狄更斯的名著《双城记》。
在《双城记》中,女性在父权制社会中一直处于被歧视被边缘化的位置,在欧洲大陆只能被认为是“屋里的天使”,而不能参与男性从事的政治,教育等工作。
并且,男性可以随意发声,而女性则处于沉默状态,正如她们在现实生活中的状态一样。
法国大革命爆发之后,人们开始追求自由与平等的权利关系,也为女权运动提供了契机。
关键词:
《双城记》;女性主义;边缘化;平等
Abstract:
ThispaperwillfurtherexploreCharlesDickens’masterpieceATaleofTwoCitiesfromMaryWollstonecraft’sfeminismperspective.InthebookATaleofTwoCities,womenarealwaysinthesubordinateandmarginalizedpositioninthepatriarchalsociety,andtheyarealsodeemedasthe“angelinthehouse“inEuropeancontinent,sothattheycannotgooutandparticipatetheareaslikepoliticsoreducation.Moreover,menareinthedominateposition,whilewomenaremostlysilent,whichreflectstheirsocialstatusatthattime.AfterFrenchRevolution,peoplebegantofightforthefreedomandequalpowerrelations,whichhasalsoprovidedfabulousopportunitiesforfeminismmovement.
KeyWords:
ATaleofTwoCities;Feminism;Marginalization;Equality.
TableofContents
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………
摘要………………………………………………………………………………….
TableofContents……………………………………………………………………
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………..
1.Introduction………………………………………………………………………
2.LiteratureReview…………………………………………………………………
3.TheDominantPositionofMen…………………………………………………
3.1TheKindImageofManette………………………………………………
3.2TheLoyaltyofCharlesDarnay…………………………………………..
3.3TheTalentedimageofSydneyCarton……………………………………
4.TheMarginalizationofWomeninPatriarchalSociety………………………..
4.1TheSilenceofAllWomenintheStory…………………………………
4.2TheRealityof“AngelintheHouse”……………………………………
5.ThePositiveandNegativeImagesofWomen…………………………………
5.1Lucy’sPerfectImageBasedonMen’sDesire……………………………
5.2MadameDefarge’sEvilImage…………………………………..………
5.3IrrationalityandEmotionalityofAllWomen……………………………
6.Conclusion……………………………………………………………..………
Reference…………………………………………………………………………
Acknowledgement
Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetothosewhohavehelpedmefinishthisthesisandhelpedmemakeitbetter.Tobeginwith,IwouldliketoextendmysinceregratitudetoProfessorxxwhoisalsomysupervisorformythesisforhispatientinstructionandconstructivesuggestions.Professorxxwasverysupportiveofmyownideasonthethesisattheveryfirststageandsharedplentyofusefulmaterialstometoenrichthecontentsanddeepenthesubjectofthisthesis.WhenIgotproblemswiththethesis,hewasrathergeneroustoprovidemewithvaluableadvice.Withhispatientinstructionandrevisionofmyeachdraft,thethesishasbeenimprovedalot.Besides,Ialsowanttoexpressmythankstomyclassmatesfortheirgenerousshareofvaluablematerialsandtheircontinuousencouragement.TheirsupportandconstantdiscussionwithmehaveinspiredmegreatlywhileIwasfacingdifficultieswritingthisthesis.
Text
1.Introduction
ATaleofTwoCitiesisoneofCharlesDickens’masterpieces,anditmainlysetstheFrenchRevolutionasthebackground.Inthestory,thecityofLondonandParisareconnected,andthemaincharactersaretheManette’sfamilies.Inthenovel,howbadtheroyaltiesare,howcruellytheroyaltiestreatthepeoplehaveallbeenrevealed,whichhasclearlypresentedpeople’sgrudgetowardstheroyalties.
AsrevealedinATaleofTwoCities,attheauthor’stimewhenvariousideologicaltrendssprangup,peoplewereexperiencingfear,joy,orsurpriseinthesocialchange.Atthesametime,thecontradictionsamongBritishclassesweredeepening,whichhasdevelopedintotheirreconcilablestage.Accompaniedbytheriseoftheindustrialrevolution,thecontradictionbetweentheworkingclassandthebourgeoisstrugglehasbecomethethemeoftheerainBritishsociety.Duringthisperiod,thecapitalistsareextractingmoreprofitsthroughthecruelexploitationofdomesticworkers,sotheworkersareleadingadifficultlife,andthetreatmentisdifficulttomatchwiththepay.Consequently,moredistressoflifehasfinallyresultedinthemovementsamongtheworkingclass.ATaleofTwoCitieshasperfectlydemonstratedthehistoricalmoments.
Apartfromtherevolutionitpresents,women’ssituationinATaleofTwoCitiesisalsodemonstrated.Asamatteroffact,feminismmovementaimsatfightingagainstthediscriminationtowardswomen,soastoguaranteewomen’sdeservedsocialstatusandrights,andeventuallyrealizethetargetoftotallyequalrelationsbetweenmenandwomen.Inpatriarchalsociety,fightingforwomen’sliberationreferstotheformulationofregulationsandlawstoguaranteewomen’sequalityinrace,genderandproperty.Whenimprovingtheproductivityinthesociety,theolddoctrinesthatmayprosecutewomensuchasfee-bindingorcastrationmustbecompletelyforbidden,andgraduallytheequalityonpolitics,culture,societyandfamilieswillberealized.Thoughmostcountrieshavehistoriesofannouncingequality,theequalitydoesnotinvolverespectsandfreedomofwomen,whichhaseventuallyledtothefiercefeminismmovements.JustJudithButlermentioned,itishightimeforculturestudytofocusongenderequality,(Butler15)andATaleofTwoCitiesjustshowsthesubordinatepositionandmiserablelifeofwomeninthesociety,sothefollowingpartswillanalyzethismasterpieceformfeminismperspective.
2.LiteratureReview
AsagiantwriterinBritishliterature,CharlesDickensisawriterwhoisrathergoodatwritinglongstories,andhisworkhasattractedplentyofresearchesfromgreatexpertsallovertheworld.AsaremarkablebookwrittenbyCharlesDickens,ATaleofTwoCitieshasalsoreceivednumerouscriticsfromprofessionalsinliteraturefield.Usually,theexpertsmatfocusonthethemeofthenovel,suchashumanismandfeminism,andsomeexperts
InZangChang’eandGuoYueqin’sstudy,theymainlyfocusonthestudyofdifferentimagesandculturalcharacteristicsthatreflectedinthestoryofATaleofTwoCities.InWuMin’sessay,shemainlyfocusesonthestudyofhumanismandtherelatedspiritsinFrenchRevolutioninATaleofTwoCities.InBaiYang’sessay,healsoexploresthethemeofhumanismthatinvolvedineachcharacterinthestoryofATaleofTwoCities.InQuiXiping,WangTaohua,andHeSufang’sessay,theymainlyresearchontheprogress,limitationandthesignificancetomodernsocietyofhumanisminATaleofTwoCities.InWangZimo’sessay,hemainlyexploresthedifferentattitudestowardsrevolutionandthereasonsthatcausedtheirdifferentresponsesforallcharactersinATaleofTwoCities.InFuShouxiang’sessay,heprovidesadetailedanalysisonthedemonstrationofromanticrealityinthestoryofATaleofTwoCities.
ApartfromthesimilarthemesofhumanismthatreflectedinthestoryandthespiritsthatrelatedtotheFrenchRevolution,alotofexpertsalsonoticeaboutthewomenimagesinthestory.SincethestoryhappensduringtheperiodofFrenchRevolution,humanismandequalitymustbeanimportantthemeinthestory.InMaWeiyu’sessay,hepointsoutthenegativeimagesshapedinthestoryandcriticizesthediscriminationtowardswomen.InLvZhenhua’sessay,hesharedadetailedanalysisonwomen’ssubordinatepositionrevealedinthestory.
Clearly,scholarshavealreadyprovidedabundantresourcesonanalyzingthestoriesfromdifferentperspective,andthispaperwilladoptMaryWollstonecraft’sfeminismmethodstodiscoverwomen’spositioninthepatriarchalsociety.
3.TheDominantPositionofMen
InVictorianage,womenaredeemedas“AngelintheHouse”,sotheyarelimitedtostayathomeanddohousework,whilemanaregrantedwithhonortoparticipateinpolitics,laws,education,arts,musicandsoon.Therefore,menarealwaysinthedominantpositioninhistory.Itisalsoratherobviousinthenovelthatthemeninthenovelareshapedaseitherkindorbrave,andtheyaredefinitelythemaincharactersinthestory,sowomenaretotallyneglected.
3.1TheKindImageofManette
Therearevariouskindsofcharactersinthisstory,whileDoctorManettebelongstothegroupthathaveextremelykindhearttowardseveryoneandeverythingintheword.Asamatteroffact,DoctorManetteisconsideredtobealittlebittooperfectandideal,soitcanbeclearthathemustbethemodelfortheentiresociety.
Asthemaincharacterofthestory,DoctorManetteshowsthecharacteristicsofbeinghonestandnoble.Inordertofightfrojustice,hegatheredhisnervestorevealtheroyaltiestotheimperialcourt.However,DoctorManetteisnotthatpowerfulastheroyalbrothers,soheendedupbeingcaughtinprison.Perhapsotherpeoplemaybecomeirritatedanddesperate,butDoctorManetteshowshisloveandtolerancetoallothercriminalsintheprison,whichisratherunbelievableandastonishingtoreaders.Besides,undertheinfluenceofDoctorManette,hisdaughteralsopresentedextremekindnessandtolerancetopeople,whichhasshownDoctorManette’sgreatimpact.
Inordertopresentthepositiveimageofmeninthenovel,DoctorManetteisshapedasamercifulgod,andheisjusttherepresentativeofnumerousprofoundmeninthesociety.PerhapsCharlesDickenswasjustlikeothermeninthesocietyatthattime,sohehopedmencouldallbeasperfectasDoctorManette.DoctorManette’sseemstobegreat,buthisextremeperfectnessandkindnessaretoounrealistic.
3.2TheLoyaltyofCharlesDarnay
ComparedwithDoctorManette,CharlesDarnayshouldbeevenmoreperfect,andCharlesDickensjusthaveusedthetoneofcomplimenttocreatethischaracters.AlthoughCharlesDarnaywasborninaroyalfamilywhichhascon
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