health news文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:881542
- 上传时间:2023-04-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:39
- 大小:905.71KB
health news文档格式.docx
《health news文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《health news文档格式.docx(39页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
lungs,astudyhasconcluded.
Mostarecurrentlysupportedwithabout30breathsperminute.
Butastudy,publishedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,indicatesveryrapidbutshallowerbreathsledtobetterlong-termlungfunction.
Theresearchers,atKing'
sCollegeLondon,saidthefindingswouldprovokeintensedebate.
Theyfollowed319babiesbornbefore29weeksofgestation,frombirthtoadolescence.
Theteamcomparedwhathappenedtothelungsofthosegivenconventionalventilationwithinanhourofbeingborn,withthoseonhigh-frequencyoscillatoryventilation(HFOV).
Thesmallairwaysofthechildrenwereinbettershapebetweentheagesof11and14iftheyhadhadHFOVasababy.
Itisthoughtthatthesmallervolumeofairbeingforcedintothelungscausedlessdamagetothedelicateorgansthanconventionaltherapy.
Thedifferencedidnotappeartoaffectchildrenintheirdailylives.
ProfAnneGreenough,fromKing'
sCollegeLondon,said:
"
Itisexcitingthatthedifferencesarestillthereinadolescence."
Shesaidworselungfunctioninpeoplehavingconventionaltherapycouldleavethemmorevulnerabletodamagingeffectsofinfectionorsmokinglaterinlife.
About60,000babiesarebornveryprematurelyintheUKeachyear.
Ancientskeletonistheearliestcaseofcanceryetdetected
ByPallabGhoshSciencecorrespondent,BBCNews
Theskeletonofayoungmanwhosufferedfromcancermorethan3,000yearsago.
∙Neanderthalcluestocancerorigins
∙Cancer:
Aglobalthreat
∙Worldfacingcancer'
tidalwave'
ResearchershavediscoveredtheearliestconfirmedcaseofcancerinayoungmanwholivedinancientEgypt.
Thediscoveryofadiseasedskeletondatingbacktoaround1,200BCwasmadeattheAmaraWestsiteinnorthernSudan.
Thenewfindingsuggeststhatthediseasehasitsrootsinthedistantpast.
DetailsoftheskeletonhavebeenpublishedintheJournalPLOSONE.
TheskeletonwasdiscoveredbyMichaelaBinder,aPhDstudentatDurhamUniversity.
Shesaidthefindwasof"
criticalimportanceinlearningabouttheunderlyingcausesofcancerinancientpopulations,beforetheonsetofmodernlifestyles"
.
Canceristhoughtofasamodern-daydisease,spurredonbysmoking,unhealthylifestylesandthestressesofday-to-dayliving.MsBinder'
sdiscoverysuggeststhatthediseasewasprevalentthousandsofyearsago.
"
IwassurprisedtoseesuchacancerinanindividualfromancientEgyptiantimes,"
shetoldBBCNews.
Westilldon'
tknowalotaboutcancer.Onlyaveryfewexampleshavebeenfoundofthediseaseinthedistantpast."
MsBinder'
sfindingisofparticularinterestbecauseitis2,000yearsolderthanthepreviouslyconfirmedinstanceofthedisease.
Evolvingdisease
Whensheunearthedtheskeletonshefoundthattheboneswereriddledwithholes.
SheworkedwithDanielAntoine,acuratorattheBritishMuseum,whoisresponsibleforthemuseum'
shumanremains.
Itwasveryexcitingtoworkwithsuchawellpreservedskeleton,"
hetoldBBCNews.
Close-uppicturesshowedthattheboneswereriddledwithholescausedbyatypeofcancer
Themarksontheboneswereveryclearandouranalysisshowedthattherewasevidencethattheyoungmansufferedfromatypeofcancer."
Thediscoverywillbeofgreatinteresttomedicalresearchers,accordingtoDrKatArneyofCancerResearchUK.
IftheycananalysetheDNAfromtheskeleton,itmighttellusaboutthegenemutationsthatmade[thisperson]susceptibletothistypeofcancer.Thatcouldshedlightontheevolutionofthedisease,alongwiththeevolutionofhumankind."
Therehavebeensomeprevioushintsofthediseaseinarchaeologicalrecords.
Lastyear,aUSresearcherpublisheddetailsofa120,000-year-oldfossilisedNeanderthalribthatshowedindicationsofabonetumour.
Therehavebeenotherfindsfromaround4,000yearsbackthatshowsomesimilarsigns.Butwithoutafullskeletontoshowthespreadofthedisease,itishardtoconfirmthatthesespecimensactuallyhadcancer.
20March2014Lastupdatedat02:
55
Sharethispage
∙Share
LungcancerratesamongwomenintheUKincreaseby73%
CancerResearchUKsayssmokingtrendshavecausedariseinlungcanceramongwomenandafallamongmen
∙LungcancerratesriseforScottishwomen
∙Lungcanceryearsurvival'
better'
∙Smoking:
whatitdoestothebodyWatch
LungcancerratesamongwomenintheUKhaverisenby73%since1975,whilefallingby47%amongmen.
CancerResearchUK,whichhasreleasedthefigures,saysthechangesarebecauseofcontrastingtrendsinsmokinghabitsinmenandwomen.
Thecharitysaystheproportionofmenwhosmokehasbeendecliningsincethe1950s,whilefiguresforwomendidnotstarttodropuntilthe1970s.
Overall,lungcancerratesacrosstheUKhavefallenby20%since1975.
Thelatestfiguresshowtherewerearound43,500casesoflungcancerintheUKin2011-approximately23,800menand19,700women.
Inthesameyeartherewerearound35,200deathsfromlungcancer,including19,600menand15,600women.
Savelives
DrHarpalKumar,chiefexecutiveofCancerResearchUK,saidthefiguresprovideda"
starkreminder"
thatlungcancerremainsabigchallengeandcalledforarenewedefforttotacklethedisease.
Thenewfiguresrevealthatratesoflungcanceramongwomennowstandat41womeninevery100,000,upfrom23inevery100,000in1975.
Formen,thelungcancerrateisnow59inevery100,000,downfrom112per100,000peoplein1975.
ThehighestratesinEnglandarefoundinthenorth,whilethelowestratesareintheeast,southeastandsouthwest.
InScotland,lungcancerratesinwomenhavealmostdoubledoverthepast40yearsandareamongthehighestintheworld.
Ratesoflungcanceramongwomennowstandat41womeninevery100,000
LungcancerremainsthesecondmostcommoncancerintheUKandthebiggestcancerkiller.Around87%ofcasesareattributabletosmoking.
Weneedtoimproveawarenessofthepossiblesignsandsymptomsoflungcancerandurgepeople-especiallythoseatincreasedrisk-togototheirdoctorwithoutdelayiftheyspotanysymptoms,"
saidCancerResearchUK'
sdirectorofearlydiagnosisSaraHiom.
WeknowthatifpeoplegototheirGPassoonasthey'
reawareofsymptomsitcanmakeallthedifferenceandsavelives."
Deathsentence
Fewerthan10%ofpeoplediagnosedwithlungcancersurviveforfiveyearsormoreafterdiagnosis,CancerResearchUKsays.
Thesefiguresprovideastarkreminderthatlungcancerremainsoneofthebiggestchallengesincancerresearch,"
DrKumarsaid.
Thediseasekillsmorethantwiceasmanypeopleasthesecondmostcommoncancerkiller-bowelcancer-andthislookssettocontinueunlesswealldomore.
Theattitudethatalungcancerdiagnosisisadeathsentencemustchange."
DrKumarsaidthecharitywantedtomaketheUK"
aleaderinlungcancerresearch"
.
MoreonThisStory
Rel19March2014Lastupdatedat06:
50
Lostsleepleadstolossofbraincells,studysuggests
Comments(218)
ByHelenBriggsBBCNews
Sleeplossisbadformoodandmentalprocessing
∙Howmuchcananextrahour'
ssleepchangeyou?
∙Themythoftheeight-hoursleep
Sleeplossmaybemoreseriousthanpreviouslythought,causingapermanentlossofbraincells,researchsuggests.
Inmice,prolongedlackofsleepledto25%ofcertainbraincellsdying,accordingtoastudyinTheJournalofNeuroscience.
Ifthesameistrueinhumans,itmaybefutiletotrytocatchuponmissedsleep,sayUSscientists.
Theythinkitmayonedaybepossibletodevelopadrugtoprotectthebrainfromtheside-effectsoflostsleep.
Thestudy,publishedinTheJournalofNeuroscience,lookedatlabmicethatwerekeptawaketoreplicatethekindofsleeplosscommoninmodernlife,throughnightshiftsorlonghoursintheoffice.
“StartQuote
Wenowhaveevidencethatsleeplosscanleadtoirreversibleinjury”
EndQuoteProfSigridVeaseyUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine
AteamattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicinestudiedcertainbraincellswhichareinvolvedinkeepingthebrainalert.
Afterseveraldaysofsleeppatternssimilartothosefollowedbynightworkers-threedaysofnightshiftswithonlyfourtofivehourssleepin24hours-themicelost25%ofthebraincells,inpartofthebrainstem.
Theresearcherssaythisisthefirstevidencethatsleeplosscanleadtoalossofbraincells.
Buttheyaddthatmoreworkneedstobedonetofindoutifpeoplewhomissoutonsleepmightalsobeatriskofpermanentdamage.
ProfSigridVeaseyoftheCenterforSleepandCircadianNeurobiology,toldBBCNews:
Wenowhaveevidencethatsleeplosscanleadtoirreversibleinjury.
Thismightbeinasimpleanimalbutthissuggeststousthatwearegoingtohavetolookverycarefullyinhumans."
Shesaidthenextstepwastoexaminethebrainsofshiftworkersafterdeathforevidenceofanylossofbraincells.
Shiftworkmayhavepermanenthealthimplications
Inthelong-term,theythinkitmightbepossible
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- health news