美国文学史及选读的名词解释(全) (2)[教学]Word文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:828669
- 上传时间:2023-04-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:7
- 大小:10.76KB
美国文学史及选读的名词解释(全) (2)[教学]Word文档格式.docx
《美国文学史及选读的名词解释(全) (2)[教学]Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《美国文学史及选读的名词解释(全) (2)[教学]Word文档格式.docx(7页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
3.Gothictradition(哥特传统):
GothicnovelorGothicromanceisastoryofterrorandsuspense,usuallysetinagloomyoldcastleormonastery.Inanextendedsense,manynovelsdonothaveamedievalizedsetting,butwhichshareacomparablysinister,grotesque,orclaustrophobicatmospherehavebeenclassedasGothic.Itcontributedtothenew
emotionalclimateofRomanticism.
4.Transcendentalism(先验说,超越论):
isaphilosophicandliterarymovementthatflourishedinNewEngland,particularatConcord,asareactionagainstRationalismandCalvinism(理性主义and喀尔文主义).MainlyitstressedintuitiveunderstandingofGod,withoutthehe净ofthechurch,andadvocatedindependenceofthemind.TherepresentativewritersareEmersonandThoreau.
5.Streamofconsciousness(意识流):
Itisoneofthemodemliterarytechniques.Itisthestyleofwritingthatattemptstoimitatethenaturalflowofacharacter'
sthoughts,feelings,reflections,memories,andmentalimagesasthecharacterexperiencesthem.Itwasfirstusedin1922bytheIrishnovelistJamesJoyce.Thosenovelsbrokethroughtheboundsoftimeandspace,anddepictedvividlyandskillfollytheunconsciousactivityofthemindfastchangingandflowingincessantlyo
6.AmericanRenaissance:
AmericanRenaissancesometimesisgiventoaflourishingofdistinctivelyAmericanliteratureintheperiodbeforetheCivilWar.ThisrenaissanceisrepresentedbytheworkofRa»
hWaldoEmerson,H.D.Thoreau,NathanielHawthorne,HermanMelville,andWaltWhitman.ItsmajorworksareHawthorne9sTheScarletLetter((f红宇〉),Melville'
sMobyDick(《白鲸》),andWhitman'
sLeavesofGrassf《草叶集》).TheAmericanRenaissance
mayberegardedasadelayedmanifestationofRomanticism,
especiallyinEuropean'
sphilosophyofTranscendentalism.
7.AmericanEnlightenment美国启蒙运动:
Enlightenmentisaphilosophicalmovementofthe18thcenturythatemphasizedtheuseofreasontoscrutinizepreviouslyaccepteddoctrinesandtraditionsandthatbroughtaboutmanyhumanitarianreforms.TheAmericanEnlightenmentisatermsometimesemployedtodescribetheintellectualcultureoftheBritishNorthAmericancoloniesandtheearlyUnitedStates.Itiscommonlydatedfrom1750-1820.AmongtheleadingintellectualfiguresofthisperiodareThomasJeffersonandJamesMadison.
8.FreeVerse自由体诗歌:
Freeverseisaformofpoetrythatdoesnotuseconsistentmeterpatterns,rhyme,oranyothermusicalpattern.Itthustendstofollowtherhythmofnaturalspeech.
RealismPeriod:
9.TheGildedAge:
itwascoinedbyMarkTwainandCharlesDudleyWarnerintheir1873book.TheGildedAge:
ATaleofToday.InAmericanhistory,theGildedAgereferstosubstantialgrowthinpopulationintheUnitedStatesandextravagantdisplaysofwealthandexcessofAmerica'
sipper-classduringthepost-CivilWarandpost-Reconstructionera,inthelate19thcentury.
10.PsychologicalRealism心里现实主义:
PsychologicalRealismisagenrewhichplacesmorethantheusualamountofemphasisoninteriorcharacterization,andonthemotives,circumstancesandinternalactionwhichspringsfromanddevelopsexternalaction.Thepsychologicalrealismisnotcontenttostatewhathappensbutgoesontoexplainthemotivationofthisaction.Thistypeofwritingcharacterandcharacterizationaremorethanusuallyimportant,andtheyoftendelvedeeperintothemindofacharacterthannovelsofothergenres.
11.LocalColorism:
asatrendbecamedominantinAmericanliteratureinthe1860sandearly1870s,itisdefinedbyHamlinGarlandashavingsuchqualityoftextureandbackgroundthatitcouldnothavebeenwritteninanyotherplaceorbyanyoneelsethananativestoriesoflocalcolorismhaveaqualityofcircumstantial详细的)authenticity(确实性),aslocalcoloriststriedtoimmortalize(使不朽)thedistinctivenatural,socialandlinguisticfeatures.Itischaracteristicofvemacular(本国语)languageandsatirical(讽刺的)humor
12.AmericanRealism:
InAmericanliterature,theCivilWarbroughttheRomanticPeriodtoanend.TheAgeofRealismcameintoexistence.Itcameasareactionagainstthelieofromanticismandsentimentalism.Realismturnedfromanemphasisonthestrangetowardafaithfulrenderingoftheordinary,asliceoflifeasitisreallylived.Itexpressestheconcernforcommonplaceandthelow,anditoffersanobjectiveratherthananidealisticviewofhumannatureandhumanexperience
13.Naturalism:
Americannaturalismwasanewandharsherrealism.
Americannaturalismhadbeenshapedbythewar;
bythesocialupheavals(居U变)thatunderminedthecomfortingfaithofanearlierage.America'
sliterarynaturalistsdismissedthevalidityofcomfortingmoraltruths.Theyattenptedtoachieveextremeobjectivityandfrankness,presentingcharactersoflowsocialandeconomicclasseswhoweredeterminedbytheirenvironmentandheredity.Althoughnaturalistliteraturedescribedtheworldwithsometimesbrutalrealism,itsometimesalsoaimedatbetteringtheworldthroughsocialrefomi
ModernismPeriod:
14.1magism(意象派):
It'
sapoeticmovementofEnglandandtheU.S.
flourishedfrom1909to1917.Themovementinsistsonthecreationofimagesinpoetryby“thedirecttreatmentofthething”andtheeconomyofwording.TheleadersofthismovementwereEzraPoundandAmyLowell
15.Modernism^代主义):
Itwasacomplexanddiverse(复杂多样的)internationalmovementinallthecreativearts(仓U造,性艺术),originatingabouttheendofthe19thcentury.Itprovided(出现)thegreatestcreativerenaissanceofthe20thcentury.Itwasmadeupofmanyfacets(方面),suchassymbolism,surrealism(超现实主义),cubism(立体主义),expressionism,futurism(未来主义),ect
16.TheLostgeneration:
itreferstoagroipofyoungintellectuals(知识分子)whocamebackfromwar,wereinjured(受伤害)bothphysically(身体上)andmentally(精神上).Theylivedbyindulging(放任)themselvesintheBohemian(波西米亚)wayoflife.TheirAmericandreamwasdisillusioned(破灭了).ThebestrepresentativeofthelostgenerationwasErnestHemingway.
17.TheJazzAge:
ThenovelistF.ScottFitzgeraldcoinedtheterm"
JazzAge"
retrospectivelytorefertothedecadeafterWorldWarIandbeforethestockmarketcrashin1929,duringwhichAmericansembarkeduponwhathecalled“thegaudiestspreeinhistory55.JazzAgeisinextricablyassociatedwiththewealthywhite"
flappers"
andsocialitesimmortalizedinFitzgerald'
sfiction.
18.AmericanDream:
Americandreammeansthebeliefthateveryonecansucceedaslongashe/sheworkshardenough.Itusuallyimpliesasuccessfulandsatisfyinglife.ItusuallyframedintermsofAmericancapitalism(资本主义),itsassociatedpurportedmeritocracy,(知识界精华)andthefreedomsguaranteedbytheU.S.BillofRights.
19.TheHarlemRenaissance哈雷姆文艺复兴:
ReferstothefloweringofAfricanAmericanliterature,art,anddramaduringthe1920sand1930s.ThoughcenteredinHarlem,NewYork,themovementimpactedurbancentersthroughouttheUnitedStates.Blacknovelists,poets,painters,andplaywrightsbegancreatingworksrootedintheirowncultureinsteadofimitatingthestylesofEuropeansandwhiteAmericans.
20.TheNewCriticism新批评主义:
TheNewCriticismasaschoolofpoetryandcriticismestablisheditselfinthe1940sasanacademicorthodoxyintheUnitedStates.Itisstillverymuchinevidencetodayasaninfluenceintheliteraryworldandincollegeclassroominstruction.Theschoolhaditsbeginninginthe1920s,tookover20yearstowinacceptanceandsomedominanceinpoetrywritingandcriticisminthe1930sand1940s,andarouserebellioninthe1950sand1960swhenitgraduallyceasedtobeaschoolTosumsup,asaschoolofformalistcriticism,theNewCriticismhasbeennotedforitssalientfeatures.Oneoftheseisitsfocusontheanalysisofthetextratherpayingattentiontoexternalelementssuchasitssocialbackground,itsauthor9sintentionandpoliticalattitudeanditsimpactonsociety.
AnOverviewofAmericanLiterature
1.Colonialperiod(early17th—late18th)
2.Romanticperiod(firsthalfof19th)
3.Realism(after1865)
4.Naturalism(lastdecadeofthe19th)
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 教学 美国文学史及选读的名词解释全 2教学 美国 文学史 选读 名词解释