生活在美国常用的食物名称foodnamesWord下载.docx
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生活在美国常用的食物名称foodnamesWord下载.docx
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Allthesedrinkscomewithlostofice.Infact,youwillprobablyfindasmuchiceasdrinkinyourdrink.Ifyouaskforasoftdrinkwithoutice,theywillthinkyouarefunnybutwillprobablyoblige.(Theymaychargeyouabitextra,foriceischeaperthanCoke.)
生活在美国
(二)美国人的用餐习惯
美国人吃饭用刀叉,而且他们的用餐方式是很有讲究的。
因此,在应邀与美国朋友一起吃饭时,应特别注意他们的用餐习惯。
一般情况下,餐桌上摆放有一幅餐刀和两幅餐叉,外边的餐叉供你吃色拉,里边的餐叉用于吃主食和其它点心食品,餐刀用来切肉食。
如果你两手并用,应左手握叉,右手握刀,而且一次握刀时间不能太长。
美国人的早餐有:
炒或煮鸡蛋、香肠、油炸土豆片、薄煎饼、果子冻、烤面包、松饼、桔子汁以及咖啡等。
EatingCustomandPractice用餐习惯
Americaneatingisfunny.Theyeatalmosteverythingwithafork,anditappearsthatholdingaknifeinone'
srighthandlongerthanafewsecondsisconsideredtobeagainstgoodtablemanners.
Thesystemisthatifitisabsolutelynecessarytouseaknife,peopletaketheforkintheirlefthand,andcutoffapieceofmeatorwhateveritisinthenormalmanner.Thentheyputtheknifedown,transfertheforktotheirrighthand,andonlythendotheytransportthefoodtotheirmouth.Thisisclearlyludicrous(滑稽可笑),butitisconsideredgoodmanners.
Thereareseveralresultsofthissystem.First,ifitisnotabsolutelynecessarytouseaknife,Americansdon'
tuseone,becauseobviouslythisgreatlycomplicates(使复杂化)things,andyouwillthereforeseethemtryingtocutthingslikepotatoes,fishandevenbacon(熏猪肉)withafork.Second,towardstheendofacourse,sinceonlyoneimplement(器具)isbeingused,foodhastobechasedaroundtheplatewiththefork—andforthelastmouthfulthethumbhastobeusedtokeepthefoodinplace,althoughoneisnotsupposedtodothis.
Third,tablesaregenerallylaidwithoneknifeandtwoforks,theoutsideforkbeingforthesalad.ThereisnoneedforforeignvisitorstofollowtheAmericansystemandtrytoeatthesaladwithonlyafork,butifyoudouseyourknife,remembertosaveitforthemeatcourse.Evendesserts(甜食)(excepticecream)areeatenwithaforkifatallpossible,andthespoonyouseebyyourdessertismeanttobeforcoffee(butifyouuseitforyourdessertnoonewillsayanything).
SomeBreakfastDishes早餐食谱
Breakfastinarestaurantisaveryenjoyableexperience.Ifyouordereggsinarestaurant,thewaiter/waitresswillaskyouhowyouwantthem.Youcanreplythatyouwantthem"
scrambled(炒)"
or"
boiled"
.Itisnotsufficient,however,toaskforthem"
fried"
;
youwillhavetospecifywhetheryouwouldpreferthem"
sunny-side-up"
(煎一面),"
over"
(两面煎),"
over-easy/easy-over"
(两面煎,但蛋黄仍然呈流体状).Americansausage(香肠)comesinslicesandisquitespicy.Butyoucanalsohavelinksausage. Americanbaconcomesinsmallstrips,canberatherfat,andisservedcrispy.Itisusuallyverytasty,andyoucaneatitwithyourfingers. "
Hashbrows"
(油炸土豆片)areshredded(切成碎片的)andfriedpotatoes.Theyarewonderful,especiallywithfriedeggsandketchup(蕃茄酱).
"
Pancakes"
sometimescalled"
hotcakes"
aremadewithbakingpower.Theyarenormallyservedinapile,andyouaresupposedtoputbutterandsyrup(果浆)onthem.
Jelly"
(果子冻)isjamandincludesgrapejelly,whichisverytasty.
Toastisoftenservedalreadybuttered.
Englishmuffins(松饼)"
arelikesmallcrumpets(烤饼)withouttheholesandareservedtoasted.Youputjamonthem.
A"
biscuit"
(软饼)isasmall,scone-likebreadroll,oftenservedhot.
Orangejuiceandcoffeeareoftenservedwithbreakfast.
生活在美国(三)美国人的主食
美国人吃午餐和吃晚餐之前通常要喝点鸡尾酒,但在加利福尼亚州,人们大都喝葡萄酒。
吃主食之前,一般都要吃一盘色拉。
炸磨茹和炸洋葱圈可作为开胃食品,牛排、猪排和鸡(腿)为主食,龙虾、贝壳类动物以及各种鱼类甚至包括淡水鱼被统称为海鲜。
炸土豆条是深受人们喜爱而且几乎成了必不可少的食物。
另外应特别注意的一点,如有吃剩的食物,一定要打包带回家,以免浪费。
Cocktail鸡尾酒
ItisquiteusualtodrinkcocktailsbeforelunchanddinnerinAmericaandsomewhatlessusual,exceptinCalifornia,todrinkwinewithameal.Youcaneitherhaveacocktailinthebar,ifthereisone,whileyouwaitforatableorforfriends,oryoucanhaveoneservedbeforeyourdinnercomes.Atsomerestaurantsthewaiter/waitresswillcometoyourtableassoonasyousitdowntoaskifyouwantacocktail,andyoucanthendrinkthiswhiledecidingwhattoordertoeat.Atothers,theremaybeaseparatecocktailwaiterorwaitress.Inthiscase,youdonotnormallyorderwinefromhimorherbutfromthenormalwaiter-orthewinewaiteristhereisone.
DonothesitatetoorderCalifornianwines.Theycanbeexcellentandinmanypartsofthecountryarecheap.
Salad 色拉
Itisusualtohaveasaladwithyourmeal,andaseparateplateisprovidedforthispurpose.ThenormalpracticeinAmericaistoeatthesaladbeforethemaincourse.AwonderfulAmericaninventionisthesaladbar.Inrestaurantsthathavethesesaladbarsthewaiterdoesnotbringyoursalad.Yougotothesaladbarandhelpyourself,usuallytoasmuchasyouwant.Thisisnormallydoneafteryouhaveorderedyourmeal;
youeatthesaladwhilethemaincourseisbeingcooked.
ChoosingfromtheMenu 选菜
Americanmenuscanlookratherconfusingatfirstsight,fortheymayusesometermswhichareunfamiliartomostvisitors.Herearesomepointswhichmaybeuseful.
Friedmushrooms,friedonionrings(洋葱圈)andfriedzucchini(小胡瓜)aresometimesservedasstarters(第一道菜).
Potatoesmostoftencome"
French-fried"
orbaked.Ifyouorderabakedpotato,thewaiterwillaskyouwhatyouwantonit.Thechoiceisbutterand/orsourcreamandsometimeschives(细香葱).
Veryoftenvegetablesdonotcomeautomaticallywiththemeal,andyouhavetopayextraforthem.
Scrod"
(小鳕鱼),"
redsnapper"
(啮龟)and"
mahihahi"
areallnameoffish."
Seafood”meanslobster(龙虾),shellfishandfish,including,funnilyenough,freshwaterfish!
Prawns(对虾)areknownas"
shrimp"
.
Americanbeefisusuallygoodandoftenwonderful.
Americansaltandpepper(糊椒粉)potsareconfusinguntilyourealizethatthesaltpotmaylooklikeapepperpotexceptthatthesaltpot'
sholesarebigger.Pepperisnormallyblackratherthanwhite.Americanmustard(芥末)ismildandnormallyeatenwithhotdogsorhamburgersratherthanmeat.
Andthatstuffinadishthatlooksicecreamisactuallywhipped(搅拌过的)butter.
Leftovers 吃剩的食物
YouhaveprobablyheardthatinAmericanrestaurants,ifyoucan'
tfinishyourmeal,youcanputtheremainsina"
doggybag"
andtakethemhome.Thisisquitetrue.Ifyouleavesomemeat,inparticular,yourwaitermayaskyouifyou'
dlikehimtoputitinto"
alittlebag"
oryoucanaskhimtodothis.
生活在美国(四)美国用餐常识
中国菜着重色、香、味,西餐讲究实惠。
初到美国餐馆用餐,应该注意如下事项:
1)选择合适的餐馆(如:
家庭式餐馆、特色餐馆以及自助式餐馆等);
2)餐馆营业时间(上午11:
30开门营业,直到夜晚);
3)一般都应事先预订餐位:
4)到达餐馆后,不能径直地到餐桌旁入桌,除非餐厅有“随意就坐”的告示;
5)付款时,别忘了留给服务员一定比例的小费(一般为实际总额的10%~15%)。
EatingoutisoneofthejoyofbeingintheUSA.Thefoodisusuallygoodandoftenexcellent;
thepricesarereasonable;
andtheserviceismostlyfine.
ChoosingaRestaurant选择餐馆
Somerestaurantsareopenforbreakfast;
othersareopentwenty-fourhoursaday.Anumberofrestaurantscallthemselves"
familyrestaurants"
.Manyoftheseservenoalcoholandhavefairlyrestrictedmenuswhichincludesteaks,hamburgers,novelettes(炒蛋)andsandwiches,andallareatveryreasonableprices.Theymayalsoservesmallerandcheaperchildren'
sportions(份餐).NotethatmanyAmericanrestaurantsare"
specialty"
restaurants.Theymayserveonly,ormainly,steaks,seafood,etc.
WhentoEat供餐时间
Manyrestaurants,especiallythemoreexpensiveones,openatabout11:
30a.m.(midday,ratherthan1p.m.,isthemostnormaltimeforlunchintheUSA),andsomeremainopenuntiltheevening,soi
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