Lessons for PPGIS from the application of a decisionsupport tool in the Nova Forest Alliance of Nov文档格式.docx
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Lessons for PPGIS from the application of a decisionsupport tool in the Nova Forest Alliance of Nov文档格式.docx
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Technologyreadinessandriskassessments:
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JohnC.Mankins
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Integratedarchitectureforeffectivemanagement?
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Mahony,StefanGray,MargaretDesmond,JeremyGault,ValerieCummins
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Business-awareframeworkforsupportingRFID-enabledapplicationsinEPCNetwork
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TaewooNam,KeunhyukYeom
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Onelaptopperchild,localrefurbishmentoroverseasdonations?
SustainabilityassessmentofcomputersupplyscenariosforschoolsinColombia
JournalofEnvironmentalManagement,Volume90,Issue11,August2009,Pages3498-3511
MartinStreicher-Porte,ChristianMarthaler,HeinzBö
ni,MathiasSchluep,Á
ngelCamacho,LorenzM.Hilty
Closepreview
AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences
Abstract
Withtheintentionofbridgingthe‘digitaldivide’manyprogrammeshavebeenlaunchedtoprovidecomputersforeducationalinstitutions,rangingfromrefurbishingsecondhandcomputerstodeliveringlowcostnewcomputers.Thefastandeconomicalprovisionoflargequantitiesofequipmentisoneofthemanychallengesfacedbysuchprogrammes.Ifanincreaseistobeachievedinthesustainabilityofcomputersuppliesforschools,notonlymustequipmentbeprovided,butalsosuitabletrainingandmaintenancedelivered.Furthermore,appropriaterecyclinghastobeensured,sothatend-of-lifeequipmentcanbedealtwithproperly.ThisstudyhasevaluatedthesuitabilityofthreecomputersupplyscenariostoschoolsinColombia:
(i)‘Colombianrefurbishment’,-refurbishmentofcomputersdonatedinColombia,(ii)‘Overseasrefurbishment’,-importofcomputerswhichweredonatedandrefurbishedabroad,and(iii)‘XOLaptop’,-purchaseoflowcostcomputersmanufacturedinKorea.Themethodsappliedwere:
MaterialFlowAssessment,-toassessthequantities-,LifeCycleAssessment,-toassesstheenvironmentalimpacts,andtheapplicationoftheMultipleAttributeUtilityTheory,-toanalyse,evaluateandcomparedifferentscenarios.ThemostsustainablesolutionprovedtobethelocalrefurbishmentofsecondhandcomputersofColombianorigintoanappropriatetechnicalstandard.Theenvironmentalimpactsofsuchpracticesneedtobeevaluatedcarefully,assecondhandapplianceshavetobemaintained,requiresparepartsandsometimesusemoreenergythannewerequipment.Providingschoolswithsecondhandcomputersfromoverseasandthroughprogrammessuchas‘OneLaptopPerChild’hasthedisadvantagethatthepotentialforsocialimprovements–suchascreationofjobsandlocalindustryinvolvement–isverylow.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.Methods
2.1.MaterialFlowAssessment(MFA)
2.2.LifeCycleAssessment(LCA)
2.3.MultipleAttributeUtilityTheory(MAUT)
2.3.1.Normalisationofattributes
2.3.2.Weightingfactors
2.3.3.Utilityofthescenarios
3.Systemandscenariodescription
3.1.Systemdescription
3.2.Scenariodescription
3.3.AttributesusedintheMAUTassessment
3.3.1.Economicperformance
3.3.1.1.Netcosts
3.3.1.2.Technicalvalue
3.3.2.Environmentalperformance
3.3.3.Socialperformance
3.3.3.1.Creationofloworsemi-skilledjobs
3.3.3.2.Creationofhighlyskilledjobs
3.3.3.3.Involvement/participationofthelocaleconomy
4.Results
4.1.Materialflows
4.1.1.Colombianrefurbishment
4.1.2.Overseasrefurbishment
4.1.3.‘XOLaptop’
4.2.Performanceofthescenarios
4.2.1.Economicperformance
4.2.1.1.Netcosts
4.2.1.2.Technicalstandard
4.2.2.Environmentalperformance
4.2.3.Socialperformance
4.2.3.1.Thecreationofloworsemi-skilledjobsandofhighlyskilledjobs
4.2.3.2.Theinvolvementofthelocaleconomy
4.3.ApplicationoftheMAUT
4.4.Discussionandsensitivityanalysis
4.5.Furtherstrategies
5.Conclusions
6.Recommendations
Acknowledgements
References
Vitae
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122
AcomprehensiveSWOTauditoftheroleofthebiomedicalphysicistintheeducationofhealthcareprofessionalsinEurope
PhysicaMedica,Volume26,Issue2,April2010,Pages98-110
C.J.Caruana,M.Wasilewska-Radwanska,A.Aurengo,P.P.Dendy,V.Karenauskaite,M.R.Malisan,J.H.Meijer,D.Mihov,V.Mornstein,E.Rokita,E.Vano,M.Weckstrom,M.Wucherer
AlthoughbiomedicalphysicistsprovideeducationalservicestothehealthcareprofessionsinthemajorityofuniversitiesinEurope,theirpreciserolewithrespecttotheeducationofthehealthcareprofessionshasnotbeenstudiedsystematically.Toaddressthisissueweareconductingaresearchprojecttoproduceastrategicdevelopmentmodelfortheroleusingthewell-establishedSWOT(Strengths,Weaknesses,Opportunities,Threats)methodology.SWOTbasedstrategicplanningisatwo-stepprocess:
onefirstcarriesoutaSWOTpositionauditandthenusestheidentifiedSWOTthemestoconstructthestrategicdevelopmentmodel.ThispaperreportstheresultsofaSWOTauditfortheroleofthebiomedicalphysicistintheeducationofthehealthcareprofessionsinEurope.InternalStrengthsandWeaknessesoftherolewereidentifiedthroughaqualitativesurveyofbiomedicalphysicsdepartmentsandbiomedicalphysicscurriculadeliveredtohealthcareprofessionalsacrossEurope.ExternalenvironmentalOpportunitiesandThreatswereidentifiedthroughasystematicsurveyofthehealthcare,healthcareprofessionaleducationandhighereducationliteratureandcategorizedunderstandardPEST(Political,Economic,Social-Psychological,Technological-Scientific)categories.Thepaperincludesanappendixofterminology.Definedtermsaremarkedwithanasteriskinthetext.
Introduction
Materialsandmethods
Resultsanddiscussion
Strengthsoftherole
S1–Highlyqualifiedacademics
S2–Strongbiomedicaldevicecompetences
S3–Strongcompetencesregardingpatientandoccupationalsafetywithrespecttophysicalagents
S4–Stronginformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)competences
S5–Strongresearchcompetences
Weaknessesoftherole
W1–Absenceofaclearmission
W2–Poorlydeterminedscope
W3–Absenceofinternationalnetworkingandcurricularharmonization
W4–Absenceofaunique,internationallyagreedtitleforthediscipline
W5–Lowlevelofpedagogicalexpertise,pedagogicalmaterialsandeducationalresearch
W6–Narrowrangeofclientgroups
W7–Roleoverlaps
W8–Absentdepartments
W9–Lowmarketingcompetences
W10–Conflictbetweentheself-perceivedroleandtheroleexpectationsoftheHCP
W11–Insufficientawarenessoftheethicalandhumanisticaspectsofhealthcare
Opportunitiesfortherole
O1–TheEuropeanhighereducationareaandrecognitionofprofessionalqualifications
O2–TheEuropeanresearcharea
O3–ECdirectives
O4–Theescalatingcostofhealthcareandimportanceofhealthtechnologyassessment
O5–HumanresourcerequirementsintheHCPsector
O6–Increasedpublicawarenessofqualityandsafetystandardsinhealthcare
O7–TheriseofthenewHCP
O8–IncreasedregulationoftheHCP
O9–Increasedawarenessofoccupationalsafetyissues
O10–Theeverincreasingnumberandsophisticationofbiomedicaldevices
Threatstotherole
T1–Theescalatingcostofhighereducation
T2–Lowincentivesforbiomedicalphysiciststojoinacademia
T3–Resistancetomulti-disciplinarityinHCPeducation
T4–Insufficientcurriculumtime
T5–Theperceptionofphysicsasadifficultsubject
Conclusions
Appendix.Definitions
123
Comparativereviewofmarinemammalguidanceimplementedduringnavalexercises
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SarahJ.Dolman,CarolineR.Weir,MichaelJasny
Thisarticlereviewsthetypesandeffectivenessofmarinemammalmitigationmeasuresusedduringsomenavalactivitiesworldwide.Thethreemainstandardmethodsusedtomitigatethepotentialimpactsofnavalsonarsoundonmarinemammalsare
(1)time/areaplanning(ofexercises/activesonaruse)toavoidmarinemammals;
(2)implementationofoperationalprocedures(e.g.‘softstart’
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