剑桥商务英语中级考试试题及答案解析(二).docx
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剑桥商务英语中级考试试题及答案解析(二).docx
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剑桥商务英语中级考试试题及答案解析
(二)
一、中READING(PARTONE)
(共7小题,共7.0分)·Readthesesentences.·Whichtypedoeseachsentence(1--7)describe?
·ForeachsentencemarkoneletterA,B,CorDonyourAnswer
Sheet.第1题AThroughpoliticaldialogueandconfidencebuilding,notensionhasescalatedintoarmedconfrontationamongASEAN(AssociationofSoutheastAsianNations)membercountriessinceitsestablishmentmorethanthreedecades
ago.Tobuildonwhathasbeenconstructedovertheyearsinthefieldofpoliticalandsecuritycooperation,theASEANleadershaveagreedtoestablishtheASEANSecurityCommunity(ASC).TheASCaimstoensurethatcountriesintheregionliveatpeacewithoneanotherandwiththeworldinajust,democraticandharmonious
environment.ThemembersoftheCommunityregardtheirsecurityasfundamentallylinkedtooneanotherandboundbygeographiclocation,commonvisionand
objectives.BEU(EuropeanUnion)countriesaccountforasmallpercentageoftheworld's
population.Theymustthereforecontinuepullingtogetheriftheyaretobeabletocompeteontheworldstagewithothermajoreconomies。
NoindividualEUcountryisstrongenoughtogoitaloneinworld
trade.TheEuropeansinglemarketprovidescompanieswithavitalplatformforcompetingeffectivelyonworld
markets.HalfacenturyofEuropeanintegrationhasshownthattheEUasawholeisgreaterthanthesumofits
parts:
ithasmuchmoreeconomic,social,technological,commercialandpoliticalcloutthanifitsmemberstateshadtoact
individually.CNAFTA(TheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement)hassubstantiallyliberalisedtradeinservicesandhasopenedgovernmentprocurementmarkets,includingprocurementinservicesandconstruction
markets.Theagreementmakesitillegalforthepartiestodiscriminatebetweennationalandforeignproducersinthetradingofservices,governmentmarketsand
investment.OneprimebenefitofNAFTAisthattheNAFTAagreementencouragesgreaterimmigrationbetweenthethree
countries.DWTO(WorldTradeOrganisation)rules,agreedbymembercountries,limittherolethatgovernmentscanplayintheirnational
economies.Theseincludetheleveloftaxeschargedongoodscomingintoacountry,goodsquotas,supportfornationalindustry,andsubsidiesforfarmers,Virtuallyanyeconomicpolicy(andsomesocialpolicies)thatagovernmentcanmakeisrestrictedbywhatisagreedatthe
WTO.Thismeansthatelectedgovernmentsdonothaveafullrangeofpolicyoptionsopentothem—theirrangeisnarrowedbythe
WTO.Eachmemberstateitselfinthisinternationalorganisationhaslesscompetitive
edge.
【正确答案】:
B
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】
[题干题点]Eachmemberstateitself„lesscompetitive
edge.[对应线索]„theEUasawhole„greaterthanthesumofitsparts„[答案精解]题目意为:
该国际组织中的每一个成员国个体的竞争力较弱。
B段指出“„theEUasawholeisgreaterthanthesumofits
parts:
ithasmuchmoreeconomic,socialItechnologicalIcommercialandpoliticalcloutthanifitsmemberstateshadtoact
individually.”即:
欧盟作为一个整体比各成员国相加的总和更强大:
欧盟所具有的经济、社会、技术、商务和政治的影响力比各成员国单打独斗要强得多。
因此,可推断出B段符合题意。
第2题Betweenthememberstatesofthisinternationalorganisation,governmentpurchasingmarketsareopenedtoeach
other.
【正确答案】:
C
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】[题干题点]„governmentpurchasingmarketsareopenedtoeach
other.[对应线索]„hasopenedgovernmentprocurementmarkets„[答案精解]题目意为:
在这个国际组织的各成员国之间,政府采购市场相互开放。
c段指出“„hassubstantiallyliberalisedtradeinservicesandhasopenedgovernmentprocurementmarketsIincludingprocurementinservicesandconstruction
markets.”即:
实现了充分的贸易自由化而且开放了政府采购市场,包括开放服务业和建筑业的采购市场。
其中,文中的openedgovernmentprocurementmarkets对应于题干中的governmentpurchasingmarketsareopenedtoeachother。
因此,可推断出C段符合题意。
第3题Thisinternationalorganisationpaysspecialattentiontotheworldpeaceandaharmoniousenvironmentfor
development.
【正确答案】:
A
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】[题干题点]„theworldpeaceandaharmoniousenvironment„[对应线索]„liveatpeacewithoneanother„inajust,democraticandharmoniousenvironment[答案精解]题目意为:
本国际组织关注世界和平以及创造和谐的发展环境。
A段指出“„aimstoensurethatcountriesintheregionliveatpeacewithoneanotherandwiththeworldina„just,democraticandharmonious
environment.”即:
(该组织的)目标是确保本地区的国家之间以及与世界其他国家之间和平共处,创造正义、民主、和谐的发展环境。
其中,文中liveatpeacewithoneanother„inaharmoniousenvironment与题干中的worldpeaceandaharmoniousenvironment相对应。
因此,可推断出A段符合题意。
第4题Formemberstatesinthisinternationalorganisation,governmentalactivitiesarelimitedintheir
economy.
【正确答案】:
D
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】[题干题点]„governmentalactivitiesarelimitedintheir
economy.[对应线索]„limittherolethatgovernmentscanplayintheirnational
economies.[答案精解]题目意为:
在本国际组织的各成员国经济发展中,政府活动受到了限制。
D段指出“WTO(WorldTradeOrganisation)rules,agreedbymembercountries,limittherolethatgovernmentscanplayintheirnational
economies.”即:
成员国遵守的世界贸易组织的规定限制了政府在国家经济中所起的作用。
其中,文中的limittherolethatgovemmentscanplayintheirnationaleconomies对应于题干中的governmentalactivitiesarelimitedintheireconomy。
因此,可推断出D段符合题意。
第5题Thisinternationalorganisationhasexistedformorethan30
years.
【正确答案】:
A
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】[题干题点]„existedformorethan30
years.[对应线索]„sinceitsestablishmentmorethanthreedecades
ago.[答案精解]题目意为:
该国际组织存在了30多年了。
A段指出,通过政治对话和彼此间建立互信,东盟成员国之间的紧张关系自从东盟成立三十多年来从未升级成武装冲突。
其中,文中的morethanthreedecadesago与题干中的formorethan30years相对应。
因此,可推断出A段符合题意。
第6题Forthisinternationalorganisation,unitingasanintegratedpartmakesiteasiertofacefierceinternational
competition.
【正确答案】:
B
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】[题干题点]„unitingasanintegratedpartmakesiteasiertofacefierceinternational
competition.[对应线索]„pullingtogether„tocompeteontheworldstagewithothermajoreconomies„theEUasawholeisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts„[答案精解]题目意为:
对于该国际组织来说,团结为一个整体使应对激烈的国际竞争变得更容易。
B段指出“欧盟国家人口占世界人口的比例很小。
因此,欧盟各成员国如果与其他的主要经济体在世界舞台上竞争的话,就必须不断地联合在一起。
任何一个欧盟成员国都没有强大到足以在世界贸易中独领风骚。
然后指出:
“HalfacenturyofEuropeanintegrationhasshownthattheEUasawholeisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts„”即:
欧洲一体化半个世纪的历史已经表明:
欧盟作为一个整体比各成员国相加的总和更强大。
因此,可推断出B段符合题意。
第7题
Inthisinternationalorganisation,citizensineachcountrycanmigratetotheothercountriesmore
freely.
【正确答案】:
C
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】[题干题点]„migratetotheothercountriesmore
freely.[对应线索]„encouragesgreaterimmigration„[答案精解]题目意为:
在该国际组织范围内,各国公民能更加自由地移民到其他国家。
c段指出北美贸易协定极大地将服务业贸易自由化,而且开放了政府采购市场,其中包括服务业以及建筑业的采购市场。
然后指出“OneprimebenefitofNAFTAisthattheNAFTAagreementencouragesgreaterimmigrationbetweenthethreecountries,”即:
北美贸易协定的一个主要优势在于其鼓励三个成员国之间的移民。
其中,文中的greaterimmigration与题干中的migratetotheothercountriesfreely相对应。
因此,可推断出C段符合题意。
二、中READING(PARTTWO)
(共5小题,共5.0分)·Readthis
text.·Choosethebestsentencebelowtofillineachofthe
gaps.·Foreachgap1--5,markoneletterA--GonyourAnswer
Sheet.·Donotmarkanyletter
twice.第1题EmployeeMotivationPrinciplesNomatterhowexperiencedaleaderyouare,chancesareattimesyouhavestruggledtomotivatecertain
individuals.Thegranddaddyofmotivationtheory,FrederickHerzberg,calledtraditionalmotivationstrategies"KITA"
(somethingsimilartoKickInThePants).Heusedtheanalogyofa
dog.Whenthemasterwantshisdogtomove,heeithergivesitanudgefrombehind,inwhichcasethedogmovesbecauseitdoesn'thavemuchchoice,orheoffersitatreatasaninducement,inwhichcaseitisnotsomuchmotivatedbywantingtomoveasbywantingchocdrops!
KITAdoesthejob(thougharguablynotsustainable)butit'shard
work.Wouldn'titbebetterifthedogwantedtomovebyitself?
(1)Theyareaboutkeepingpeoplemovingeitherwithakickfrombehind(threats,fear,toughtargets,andcomplicatedsystemstosupervise)orbyofferingchocdrops(bonuses,grandpresentationsofthevision,conferences,campaigns,initiatives,etc).Employersshouldfocusonrecognitionandreward,includingbenefits,aswellascareerdevelopmenttoboost
efficiency.
(2)Theyalsotendtogotheextramileforcustomersandarefavourableabouttheirorganisation,becomingexternaladvocatesfortheir
employers.
(3)Infact,employersshouldbeactivelyconcernedaboutthesignificantminorityofemployeeswhoareneitherhappywiththeircurrentjobrolenortheircurrentemployers,namelyonein
four.Staffwhoareunhappybothwiththeirroleandtheiremployersarelikelytofallshortintermsoflevelsofcommitment,motivation,engagement,advocacy,loyaltyandcustomer
focus.(4).Theresearchfindingsshowthatemployersshouldbefocusingoncritical
improvementareassuchasrecognitionandreward(includingbenefitsprovision)aswellascreatingcareerdevelopmentopportunitiesforemployeesinordertoimprovehappinesslevelswithinthe
workplace.
(5)Ourresearchhasfoundthatthecombinationofabonussystem,privatemedicalinsuranceandflexibleworkingarethemostlikelycombinationtoboost
efficiency.A.Ahappyemployershouldthereforehaveapositiveeffecton
productivity.B.Withregardtobenefits,specificallyprovingemployeeswiththerightpackageseemstobethekeytopromoting
productivity.C.Therefore,employeesshouldbepromotedtoincrease
productivity.D.ItisperceivedasHRwisdomthathappyemployeesarelikelytobemoremotivated,engaged,committed,andloyaltotheir
employers.E.Sobossesneedtoacttoavoidanunhappyspiralofpoor
performance.F.Transferringthisprinciplebackintotheworkplace,mostmotivationstrategiesare"push"
or"pull"
based.G.Wouldn'titbebetterifthedogwantedtomovebyitself?
【正确答案】:
F
【本题分数】:
1.0分
【答案解析】[前一段]本段指出无论你是多么有
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