现代大学英语精读5课程讲解文档格式.docx
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现代大学英语精读5课程讲解文档格式.docx
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B.词汇扩展
1)Awhitelieisbetterthanablacklie.(4.5)
Ihadawhitenight,thinkingofyou.
whiteelephant
allusion典故
Trademark
白象
白马王子?
whitehorse?
Mr.Right
Princecharming
whitemeat
fish/bird
redmeat红肉
2)Themostdegeneratememberofafamilyisablacksheep.(4.6)
blacklist
blackmarket
黑马darkhorse
Scapegoat=替罪羊=Whipboy
Allusion
3)…teacherswillnotbeforcedtoteachtheNegrochildsixtywaystodespisehimself,andtherebyperpetuatehisfalsesenseofinferiority,andthewhitechild134waystoadorehimself,andtherebyperpetuatehisfalsesenseofsuperiority(4.7)
inferioritycomplex
superioritycomplex
恋父情结Electracomplex
恋母情结Oedipuscomplex
c.搭配collocation
1.theNegroisindireneedofthiskindoflegitimatepower(6.2)紧急,极端
direwarning/prediction/forecast(awarningaboutsomethingterriblethatwillhappeninthefuture)
Lastnightthereweredirewarningsofcivilwar.
2.…thepreservingofthestatusquo(6.11)
maintain/preserve/defendthestatusquo
3.Andoneofthegreatproblemsofhistoryisthattheconceptsofloveandpowerhaveusuallybeencontrastedasopposites--polaropposites-(7.5)
(?
)
polarextreme
d.句子理解
1)Thejobofarousingmanhoodwithinapeople(thathavebeentaughtforsomanycenturiesthattheyarenobody)isnoteasy.(3.4)
2)Poweristheability//ofalaborunionliketheUAWtomakethemostpowerfulcorporationintheworld,GeneralMotors,say'
Yes'
whenitwantstosay'
No.'
That'
spower.(linethreefromthebottom,Paragraph6)
3)Whatisneededisarealizationthatpowerwithoutloveisrecklessandabusive,andlovewithoutpowerissentimentalandanemic.(8.6)
Anemic:
weak;
贫血的
=Anaemic
Anaemia贫血
4)Now,earlyinthiscenturythisproposalwouldhavebeengreetedwithridiculeanddenunciation,(considered)asdestructiveofinitiativeandresponsibility.(10.2)
5)Thefactisthatthework(whichimprovestheconditionofmankind,theworkwhichextendsknowledgeandincreasespowerandenrichesliteratureandelevatesthought,)isnotdonetosecurealiving(12.1)
Shedidn’t
marryhimforhewasrich
Theworkisnot不是这样的
donetosecurealiving=被做以谋生
不是为了谋生而做
e.修辞(Rhetoric)figureofspeech
1.Antithesis(Afigureofspeechinwhichsharplycontrastingideasarejuxtaposedinabalancedorparallelphraseorgrammaticalstructure)
1)Aslongasthemindisenslaved,thebodycanneverbefree.(5.5)
2)…loveisidentifiedwitharesignationofpower,andpowerwithadenialoflove.(7.5)
2.Metaphorsimile(like,as)
1)Psychologicalfreedom,afirmsenseofself-esteem,isthemostpowerfulweaponagainstthelongnightofphysicalslavery.(5.6)
Self-esteem自信
2)Thenegrowillonlybefreewhenhereachesdowntotheinnerdepthsofhisownbeingandsignswiththepenandinkofassertivemanhoodhisownemancipationproclamation.(5.9)
3.Personalconflictsamonghusbands,wivesandchildrenwilldiminishwhentheunjustmeasurementofhumanworthonthescaleofdollarsiseliminated.(14.4)
3.parallel
1)ThetendencytoignoretheNegro'
scontributiontoAmericanlifeandtostriphimofhispersonhoodisasoldastheearliesthistorybooksandascontemporaryasthemorning'
snewspaper.(5.1)
Stripper
Exoticdancing
2)Poweratitsbestisloveimplementingthedemandsofjustice,andjusticeatitsbestispowercorrectingeverythingthatstandsagainstlove.(8.6)
4.Alliteration
1)Nowalotofusarepreachers,andallofushaveourmoralbelievesandconcerns,andsooftenhaveproblemswithpower.(7.1)
Xiamenisacityfullofvigorandvitality
2)Itispreciselythiscollisionofimmoralpowerwithpowerlessmoralitywhichconstitutesthemajorcrisisofourtimes.(9.2)
f.熟词偏义
1.And,inthethinkingofthatday,theabsenceofworldlygoodsindicatedawantofindustrioushabitsandmoralfiber.
(10.5)
Want=lack
Heknowsnowantinhislife.
他什么都不缺
Lesson3
TextAnalysis
A.词义理解与翻译
1.Todayweareinthethroesofaworldwidereformationofcultures,atectonicshiftofhabitsanddreamscalled,inthecuriousvocabularyofsocialscientists,“globalization”.(1.1)
a)inthethroesof?
b)reformation?
c)tectonicshift?
d)curiousvocabulary?
今天我们正经历世界范围文化嬗变的阵痛,习俗和追求都在发生剧变,这用社会学家新奇的话来说就是,“全球化”。
2.It’saninexacttermforawildassortmentofchangesinpolitics…(1.3)
a)awildassortment?
variety
3.Still,thebasicdynamicremainsthesame:
Goodsmove.Peoplemove.Ideasmove.Andcultureschange.
a)dynamic:
?
态势
4.Popularfactionssprouttoexploitnationalistanxieties.(5.1)
a)popularfactions?
anxiety
焦虑情绪
添字
5...atHollywoodHighSchoolthestudentbodyrepresents32differentlanguages.(8.4)
a)studentbody?
b)represent?
Seniorhighschool
Juniorhighschool
6.Thecriticalmassofteenagers—800millionintheworld—withtimeandmoneytospendisoneofthepowerfulenginesofmergingglobalcultures.(9.1)
a)criticalmassofteenagers
重要的青少年mass
青少年这一重要群体
b)engine
7.They’recalled“coolhunters”;
andAmandaFreemantookmeinhandonemorningtoexplainhowitworks.(9.8)
a)coolhunters猎酷者headhunter
parody
b)takemeinhand
todealwithsbinastrictwayinordertoimprovetheirbehaviour
8.ButIalsodiscoveredthatculturesareasresourceful,resilient,andunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposethem.(8.1)
a)resourceful随机应变
b)resilient富有弹性
c)unpredictable难以预测
9.itisalsoplayedbyrichsocietywomenatcountryclubsinBeverlyHillsandinapartmentsonManhattan’sUpperWestSide.(14.7)
a.societywomen?
society=highsociety
10.…hetoldmewiththatdetachedfriendlinessofthosewhosetrueconnectioniswithmachines.(16.1)
Split
Hetoldmewithfriendlinessanddetachedness
a.detachedfriendliness
hetoldmeinafriendlyanddetachedway
他很客气的和我说,不带任何感情……
B.词汇扩展
1.Telegraph,telephone,radio,andtelevisiontiedtighterandmoreintricateknotsbetweenindividualsandthewiderworld.(2.6)
a)intricate
synonyms:
complex;
complicated;
sophisticated;
involved
Theplotwassoinvolvedthatveryfewpeopleknewwhatwasgoingon.
2.Thenwewanderthroughafewofthethriftshops.(11.10)
a)thriftshop:
ashopthatsellsusedgoods,especiallyclothes,ofteninordertogetmoneyforacharity
fleamarket
yardsale
garagesale
vintageshop二手服饰店
onedollarshop
conveniencestore
C-store喜士多
dimestore
five-and-dime(store)
ten-centstore
3.“Ifit’snotgoingtobeaffordable,“Amandaremarks,“it’snevergoingtocatchon.”(11.3)
a)catchon
1.tobecomepopular
tobein
SpeeddatingisininChina.
Heisinagain.
Inmate
tobeinvogue
2.tounderstand
Tomisslowtocatchon.
4.ThisbeingAmerica,hehasfoundawaytomarrythesetwopassionsandselltheresult.(14.2)
a)marry:
(formal)tocombinetwodifferentideas,designs,tastesetctogether
Thebuilding'
sdesignmarriesatraditionalstylewithmodernmaterials
Divorce:
(formal)toseparatetwoideas,subjectsetccompletely
Itisdifficulttodivorcesportfrompolitics.
5.…andthefierceconcentrationoftheplayers.Collocation
a)fierceconcentration
fiercepride
fiercewind
fiercedog
fierceattack/opposition/criticism
fiercecompetition
toughcompetition
cut-throatcompetition
throat-cutting
dog-eat-dogcompetition
It’sdogeatdogworldoutsidethere.
(罗马学者马库斯曾在公元前43年提出Caniscaninamnonest(Dogdoesnoteatdog)的说法,认为即使是像狗这样的“低等生物”行事都有原则和限度,不会毁灭和吞食同类,何况是人类。
6.TJ’sonlinetoo,she’stheonefromWales---arealnightowl.
a.nightowl
all-nighter
Ipulledanall-nighterlastnight.
Phoninganyoneduringanallnighterisaverybadidea
Theearlybirdcatchestheworm
coolcat冷静的人
luckydog
fox
网络上的英语陷阱
老牛吃嫩草rockthecradle
robthecradle
letthecatoutofthebag
piginthepoke
Whatifthecaryoubuyturnsouttobeapiginapoke/lemon?
lemon
socialbutterfly
watchdog
Heisa"
socialbutterfly"
andhugsandkisseseveryoneandeverything
实验品/小白鼠Guineapig
7.He,anAmericanplayingaChinesegamewithpeopleinGermany,Wales,Ohio,andMinnesota,wasupinthecyberspherefarabovetheleveloftimezones.(19.1)
a)cybersphere:
cyberspace
cyberpunk数字朋克
cyber-chat
网吧cybercafé
cyberfraud
cyberwidow
cyberstalking;
cyberstalker
cyberwatchdog
/Internetwatchdog
C.搭配
1.Inthe19thcenturythepostalservice,newspapers,transcontinentalrailroads,andgreatsteam-poweredshipswroughtfundamentalchanges.
a)wroughtfundamentalchanges
work
workwonders
workmiracles
work/weaveone’smagic
Thewarmweatherandthebeautifulscenerybegantoworktheirmagicandshestartedtorelax.
b)取得成就recordachievements
学习知识learnknowledge(错)
Gain/obtain/acquire
深化改革deepenone’scommitmenttoreform
解除制裁liftsanction
D.句子理解
1.Modernindustryhasestablishedtheworldmarket.Allold-establishednationalindustriesaredislodgedbynewindustrieswhoseproductsareconsumed,notonlyathome,butineveryquarteroftheglobe.Inplaceoftheoldwantswefindnewwants,requiringtheproductsofdistantlandsan
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