大学英语六级真题含答案.docx
- 文档编号:6854506
- 上传时间:2023-05-10
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:33
- 大小:53.76KB
大学英语六级真题含答案.docx
《大学英语六级真题含答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《大学英语六级真题含答案.docx(33页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
大学英语六级真题含答案
2010年6月大学六级考试试题
PartⅠWriting
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledDueAttentionShouldBeGiventotheStudyofChinese.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.
1.近年来大小写生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象
2.出现这种现象的原因和后果
3.为了改变这种状况,我认为……
DueAttentionShouldBeGiventotheStudyofChinese
________________________________
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
Obama'ssuccessisn'tallgoodnewsforblackAmericans
AsErinWhitewatchedtheelectionresultsheadtowardsvictoryforBarackObama,shefeltaburdenliftingfromhershoulders."Inthatonesecond,itwasavalidationformywholerace,"sherecalls.
"I'vealwaysbeenanachiever,"saysWhite,whoisstudyingforanMBAatVanderbiltUniversityinNashville,Tennessee."ButtherehadalwaysbeenthesethingsinthebackofmymindquestioningwhetherIreallycanbewhoIwant.Itwaslikeashadow,followingmearoundsayingyoucanonlygosofar.Nowit'slikeabarrierhasbeenletdown."
White'sexperienceiswhatmanypsychologistshadexpected—thatObamawouldprovetobeapowerfulrolemodelforAfricanAmericans.SomehopedhisrisetoprominencewouldhaveabigimpactonwhiteAmericans,too,challengingthosewhostillharbourraci'stsentiments."Thetraitsthatcharacterisehimareverycontradictorytotheracialstereotypesthatblackpeopleareaggressiveanduneducated,"saysAshbyPlantofFloridaStateUniversity."He'sveryintelligentandeloquent."
Stinginthetail
AshbyPlantisoneofanumberofpsychologistswhoseizedonObama'scandidacytotesthypothesesaboutthepowerofrolemodels.Theirworkisalreadystartingtorevealhowthe"Obamaeffect"ischangingpeople'sviewsandbehaviour.Perhapssurprisingly,itisnotallgoodnews:
thereisastinginthetailoftheObamaeffect.
Butfirstthegoodnews.BaraekObamareallyisapositiverolemodelforAfricanAmericans,andhewasmakinganimpactevenbeforehegottotheWhiteHouse.Indeed,theObamaeffectcanbesurprisinglyimmediateandpowerful,asRayFriedmanofVanderbiltUniversityandhiscolleaguesdiscovered.
TheytestedfourseparategroupsatfourkeystagesofObama'spresidentialcampaign.Eachgroupconsistedofaround120adultsofsimilarageandeducation,andthetestassessedtheirlanguageskills.Attwoofthesestages,whenObama'ssuccesswaslessthancertain,thetestsshowedacleardifferencebetweenthescoresofthewhiteandblackparticipants—anaverageof12.1outof20,comparedto8.8,forexample.WhentheObamafeverwasatitsheight,however,theblackparticipantsperformedmuchbetter.ThosewhohadwatchedObama'sacceptancespeechastheDemocrats'presidentialcandidateperformedjustaswell,onaverage,asthewhitesubjects.Afterhiselectionvictory,thiswastrueofalltheblackparticipants.
Dramaticshift
Whatcanexplainthisdramaticshift?
Atthestartofthetest,theparticipantshadtodeclaretheirraceandweretoldtheirresultswouldbeusedtoassesstheirstrengthsandweaknesses.Thisshouldhaveprimedthesubjectswith"stereotypethreat"—ananxietythattheirresultswillconfirmnegativestereotypes,whichhasbeenshowntodamagetheperformanceofAfricanAmericans.
Obama'ssuccessesseemedtoactasashieldagainstthis."Wesuspecttheyfeltinspiredandenergisedbyhisvictory,sothestereotypethreatwouldn'tproveadistraction,"saysFriedman.
Lingeringracism
IftheObamaeffectispositiveforAfricanAmericans,howisitaffectingtheirwhitecompatriots(同胞)?
Istheexperienceofhavingacharismatic(有魅力的)blackpresidentmodifyinglingeringracistattitudes?
Thereisnoeasywaytomeasureracismdirectly;insteadpsychologistsassesswhatisknownas"implicitbias",usingacomputerbasedtestthatmeasureshowquicklypeopleassociatepositiveandnegativewords—suchas"love"or"evil"—withphotosofblackorwhitefaces.Asimilartestcanalsomeasurehowquicklysubjectsassociatestereotypicaltraits—suchasathleticskillsormentalability—withaparticulargroup.
InastudythatwillappearintheJournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology,Plant'steamtested229studentsduringtheheightoftheObamafever.Theyfoundthatimplicitbiashadfallenbyasmuchas90%comparedwiththelevelfoundinasimilarstudyin2006."That'sanunusuallylargedrop,"Plantsays.
Whiletheteamcan'tbesuretheirresultsareduesolelytoObama,theyalsoshowedthatthosewiththelowestbiaswerelikelytosubconsciouslyassociateblackskincolourwithpoliticalwordssuchas"government"or"president".ThissuggeststhatObamawasstronglyontheirmind,saysPlant.
Dropinbias
BrianNosekoftheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville,whorunsawebsitethatmeasuresimplicitbiasusingsimilartests,hasalsoobservedasmalldropinbiasinthe700,000visitorstothesitesinceJanuary2007,whichmightbeexplainedbyObama'srisetopopularity.However,hispreliminaryresultssuggestthatchangewillbemuchslowercomingthanPlant'sresultssuggest.
Talkinghonestly
"PeoplenowhavetheopportunityofexpressingsupportforObamaeveryday,"saysDanielEffronatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia."OurresearcharousestheconcernthatpeoplemaynowbemorelikelytoraisenegativeviewsofAfricanAmericans."Ontheotherhand,hesays,itmayjustencouragepeopletotalkmorehonestlyabouttheirfeelingsregardingraceissues,whichmaynotbesuchabadthing.
Anotherpartofthestudysuggestsfarmoreisatstakethanthemereexpressionofviews.TheObamaeffectmayhaveanegativeside.JustoneweekafterObamawaselectedpresident,participantswerelessreadytosupportpoliciesdesignedtoaddressracialinequalitythantheyhadbeentwoweeksbeforetheelection.
Hugeobstacles
Itcould,ofcourse,alsobethatObama'ssuccesshelpspeopletoforgetthatadisproportionatenumberofblaekAmericansstillliveinpovertyandfacehugeobstacleswhentryingtoovercomethesecircumstances."BarackObama'sfamilyissuchasalient(出色的)image,wegeneraliseitandfailtoseethelargerpicture—thatthere'sinjusticeineveryaspectofAmericanlife,"saysCherylKaiseroftheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.ThosetryingtoaddressissuesofracialinequalityneedtoconstantlyremindpeopleoftheinequalitiesthatstillexisttocounteracttheObamaeffect,shesays.
ThoughPlant'sfindingsweremorepositive,shetoowarnsagainstthinkingthatracismandracialinequalitiesarenolongeraproblem."ThelastthingIwantisforpeopletothinkeverything'ssolved."
ThesefindingsdonotonlyapplytoObama,orevenjusttorace.Theyshouldholdforanyrolemodelinanycountry."There'snoreasonwewouldn'thaveseenthesameeffectonourviewsofwomenifHillaryClintonorSarahPalinhadbeenelected,"saysEffron.Sotheelectionofafemaleleadermighthaveadownsideforotherwomen.
Beyondrace
Wealsodon'tyetknowhowlongtheObamaeffect—bothitsgoodsideanditsbar—willlast.Politicalsentimentisnotoriouslychangeable:
WhatifthingsbegintogowrongforObama,andhispopularityslumps?
AndwhatffAmericansbecomesofamiliarwithhavingObamaastheirpresidentthattheystopconsideringhisracealtogether?
"Overtimehemightbecomehisownentity,"saysPlant.Thismightseemliketheultimatedefeatforracism,butignoringtheraceofcertainselectindividuals—aphenomenonthatpsychologistscallsubtyping—alsobasaninsidious(隐伏的)side."Wethinkithappenstohelppeoplepreservetheirbeliefs,sotheycanstillholdontothepreviousstereotypes."ThatcouldturnouttobethecruellestofallthetwiststotheObamaeffect.
1.HowdidErinWhitefeeluponseeingBarackObama'svictoryintheelection?
A)Excited.B)Victorious.C)Relieved.D)Anxious.
2.Beforetheelection,ErinWhitehadbeenhauntedbythequestionofwhether______.
A)shecouldgoasfarasshewantedinlifeB)shecouldobtainherMBAdegree
C)shewasreallyanachieverasastudentD)shewasovershadowedbyherwhitepeers
3.WhatisihefocusofAshbyPlant'sstudy?
A)ThedualcharacterofAfricanAmericans.B)Personalitytraitsofsuccessfulblacks.
C)RacistsentimentsinAmerica.D)Thepowerofrolemodels.
4.Intheirexperiments,RayFriedmanandhiscolleaguesfoundthat______.
A)whites'attitudetowardsblackshasdramaticallychanged
B)Obama'ssuccessimpactedblacks'performanceinlanguagetests
C)Obama'selectionhaseliminatedtheprejudiceagainstblacks
D)blacksandwhitesbehaveddifferentlyduringtheelection
5.WhatdoBrianNosek'spreliminaryresultssuggest?
A)Thechangeinbiasagainstblacksisslowincoming.
B)Biasagainstblackshasexperiencedanunusualdrop.
C)Obama'spopularitymaydeclineastimepassesby.
D)Websitevisitors'opinionsarefarfrombeingreliable.
6.AnegativesideoftheObamaeffectisthat______.
A)relationsbetweenwhitesandAfricanAmericansmaybecometenseagain
B)whitepeoplearelikelytobecomemorecriticalofAfricanAmericans
C)morepeoplehavestartedtocriticisePresidentObama'sracialpolicies
D)peoplearenowlessreadytosupportpoliciesaddressingracialinequality
7.CherylKaiserholdsthatpeopleshouldbeconstantlyremindedthat______.
A)blacksstillfaceobstaclesinpoliticalparticipationB)Obama'ssuccessissoundproofofblacks'potential
C)racialinequalitystillpersistsinAmericansocietyD)Obamaisbutarareexampleofblacks'excellence
8.AccordingtoEffron,ifHillaryClintonorSarahPalinhadbeenelected,therewouldalsohavebeenanegativeeffecton______.
9.ItispossiblethattheObamaef
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 大学 英语六级 真题含 答案