北京大学17春36081001大学英语1第3组作业.docx
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北京大学17春36081001大学英语1第3组作业.docx
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北京大学17春36081001大学英语1第3组作业
一、阅读理解(共60题,每题1分,共60分)
本组组作业截止时间为5月12日23时,请同学们按时提交。
鼓励独立完成作业,严惩抄袭。
阅读理解一半选项为四选一,另一半选项为二选一,T/F,判断对错,不是通常的四个选项。
1).AfilmcrewwasattheCircleFiveRanchtofilmaMarlborocommercial.Thiswasin1868,beforetheyprohibitedcigaretteadsfromAmericantelevision.DarrellWinfieldwaswatchingthecrewsetuptheequipment.Thesceneincludedanactorcrossingariveronhorseback,butwhenthetimecametoshoot,themanwastoodrunktoride.SomeonefromthecrewsawWinfieldandaskedhimifhewouldridethehorsefor50dollars."Hell,"saidWinfield,"for50bucks,I'lljumpthatdamnhorseoverthemoon!
"Topeopleinmanycountries,Winfieldisjustafamiliarbutnamelessface,asimplecowboywithanadvertisingmessageaboutaconnectionbetweentheWestandabrandofcigarettes.Fewpeopleknowthatheis55,afamilymanwho'sbeenmarriedtothesamewomanfor37yearsandhas5childrenand7grandchildren.Mostsurprisingly,he'sareal,workingcowboywhoraiseshorsesinhisranchinWyoming.OneofthemoststrikingthingsabouttheMarlboroManisthatsuccesshasn'tchangedhimmuch.Hesaysthatcompletestrangerssometimescomeuptohimandsay,"I'vemetyou,knowyoufromsomewhere."Wheneverithappens,hesaysthathegetsembarrassed.
1.Whentheyfilmedthead,Winfieldwastoodrunk.
A.T
B.F
2.Fromthepassage,weknowthatWinfieldwasarichman.
A.T
B.F
3.Theword"prohibited"inthefirstparagraphmean"forbidden".
A.T
B.F
4.MarlborocommercialswereallowedontelevisioninAmericabefore1868.
A.T
B.F
5.WhenpeoplerecognizedWinfield,hefeltuncomfortable.
A.T
B.F
2).IntheUnitedStates,itisnotcustomarytotelephonesomeoneveryearlyinthemorning.Ifyoutelephonehimearlyintheday,whileheisshavingorhavingbreakfast,thetimeofthecallshowsthatthematterisveryimportantandrequiresimmediateattention.Thesamemeaningisattachedtotelephonecallsmadeafter11:
00pm.Ifsomeonereceivesacallduringsleepinghours,heassumesit'samatteroflifeordeath.Thetimechosenforthecallcommunicatesitsimportance.Insociallife,timeplaysaveryimportantpart.IntheU.S.A.gueststendtofeeltheyarenothighlyregardediftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbeforethepartydate.Butitisnottrueinallcountries.Inotherareasoftheworld,itmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarinadvancebecauseplanswhicharemadeforadatemorethanaweekawaytendtobeforgotten.Themeaningoftimediffersindifferentpartsoftheworld.Thus,misunderstandingsarisebetweenpeoplefromdifferentculturesthattreattimedifferently.PromptnessisvaluedhighlyinAmericanlife,forexample.Ifpeoplearenotprompt,theymayberegardedasimpoliteornotfullyresponsible.IntheU.S.noonewouldthinkofkeepingabusinessassociatewaitingforanhour,itwouldbetooimpolite.Aperson,whois5minuteslate,willsayafewwordsofexplanation,thoughperhapshewillnotcompletethesentence.
6.WhichofthefollowingtimeisproperifyouwanttomakeanappointmentwithyourfriendintheU.S.A.?
A.at7:
00am
B.at4:
00pm
C.atthemidnight
D.at4am
7.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.ItisnotcustomarytotelephonesomeoneinthemorningandinsleepinghoursintheU.S.
B.Theroleoftimeinsociallifeovertheworld.
C.Ifpeoplearelate,theymayberegardedasimpoliteornotfullyresponsibleintheU.S.
D.Noteverycountrytreatstheconceptoftimeasthesame.
8.Fromthepassagewecansafelyinferthat
A.it'samatteroflifeordeathifyoucallsomeoneindaytime.
B.themeaningoftimediffersindifferentpartsoftheworld.
C.itmakesnodifferenceintheU.S.whetheryouareearlyorlateforabusinessparty.
D.ifapersonislateforadate,heneedn'tmakesomeexplanation.
9.Whatdoesitmeaninthepassageifyoucallsomeoneduringhisorhersleepinghours?
A.Amatterofwork.
B.Amatteroflifeordeath.
C.Youwanttoseehimorher.
D.Youwanttomakeanappointmentwithhimorher.
10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.IntheU.S.A.gueststendtofeeltheyarehighlyregardediftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbeforethepartydate.
B.Nomisunderstandingsarisebetweenpeoplefromdifferentculturesabouttheconceptoftime.
C.ItmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmentwellinadvanceintheU.S.A..
D.PromptnessisvaluedhighlyinAmericanlife.
3).Doyouforgettoturnoffthelightsandheaterswhenyougooutofaroom?
In2040itwillnotmatter.Theywillturnthemselvesoffandonagainwhenyoureturn.Asensorwilldetectthepresenceofahumanandturnthesystemson,andwhenthehumansleaveitwillturnthemoffagain.Thesensorswillworkthroughthecentralhomecomputer,andtheywilldomuchmorethanjustturnthefiresandlightsonandoffforyou.Theywilldetectfaultyelectricalappliances,isolatethemsothattheycannotharmanyone,andthenwarnyouthattheyneedrepair.Theywilldetectfireandifyouareoutofthehouse,thecomputerwillcallthefiremen.Itwillalsocallthepolice,shouldthesensorsdetectanintruder(非法闯入者).Youwillopenthedoorusingyourpersonalcard--theoneyouuseforshopping--maybeusinganumberknownonlytoyou.
11.Theauthorintendstotellthereadersthatinyear2040therewillbenoswitchesforlightsandheaters.
A.T
B.F
12.Thebesttitleforthepassageis"TheDevelopmentofScienceandTechnology".
A.T
B.F
13.Thankstocomputers,in2040peoplewillbecontrolledbycomputers.
A.T
B.F
14.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewillsavemuchtroublewiththehelpofadvancedtechnology.
A.T
B.F
15.Accordingtotheauthor,in2040,newtechnologywillfreeusfromthekeysweusetoday.
A.T
B.F
4).Aforeigner'sfirstimpressionoftheU.S.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush-oftenunderpressure.Citypeopleappearalwaystobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoingrestlessly,seekingattentioninastore,andelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirerrands(任务).Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.Workingtimeisconsideredprecious.Othersinpubliceatingplacesarewaitingforyoutofinishsothattheytoocanbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed.Eachpersonhurriestomakeroomforthenextperson.Ifyoudon't,waiterswillhurryyou.Youalsofinddriverswillbeabruptandthatpeoplewillpushpastyou.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallcourtesieswithstrangers.Don'ttakeitpersonally.Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly,andtheyresentsomeoneelse"wasting"itbeyondacertaincourtesypoint.Theviewoftimeaffectstheimportanceweattachtopatience.IntheAmericansystemofvalues,patienceisnotahighpriority.Manyofushavewhatmightbecalled"ashortfuse."Webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomereturn-bethisintermsofpleasure,workvalue,orrest.Thosecomingfromlandswheretimeislookedupondifferentlymayfindthismatterofpacetobeoneoftheirmostdifficultadjustmentsinbothbusinessanddailylife.ManynewcomerstotheStateswillmisstheopeningcourtesyofabusinesscall,forexample,theywillmisstheritualsocializingthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybetraditionalintheirowncountry.Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinacaféorcoffeehouse.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverprolongedsmalltalks.Weseekoutevidenceofpastperformanceratherthanevaluateabusinesscolleaguethroughsocialcourtesies.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.
16.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?
A.Americansseemtobealwaysunderpressure.
B.Americansattachlessimportancetopatience.
C.Americansdon'tcaremuchaboutritualsocializing.
D.Americansareimpolitetotheirbusinesscolleagues.
17.Inthefourthparagraph,"ahighpriority"means
A.alessimportantthing.
B.afirstconcern.
C.agoodbusiness.
D.anattractivegift.
18.Americansevaluateabusinesscolleague
A.throughsocialcourtesy
B.throughprolongedbusinesstalks
C.byestablishingbusinessrelations
D.bylearningabouttheirpastperformance
19.Thispassagemainlytalksabout
A.howAmericanstreasuretheirtime
B.howbusyAmericansareeveryday
C.howAmericansdobusinesswithforeigners
D.whatAmericanwayoflifeislike
20.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor'stoneinwritingis
A.critical
B.ironical
C.praiseful
D.objective
5).MartinLutherKingwasablackminister,whobecameagreatleaderofthecivilrightsmovementinthe1950sand1960s.KingwasbornonJanuary15,1929inAtlanta,Georgia.Whenhewasyoung,hewasstronglyinfluencedbyThoreauandIndianleaderMahatmaGandhi'sideaofnon-violentresistance.HavingreceivedaPhD(DoctorofPhilosophy)fromBostonUniversity,hebecameapoliticalandreligiousleaderofthenon-violentcivilrelightsmovementin1955.OnAugust28,1963,heledover250,000AmericansonamarchinWashingtonD.C.tofightfortheCivilRightsLawtoguaranteeequalityforallpeople,anddeliveredhisbestknownspeech"IHaveaDream"beforetheLincolnMemorial.The"dream"isadreamofbrotherlyloveandequalityfortheBlackandWhite.Thus,hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforpeacein1964,buthewasmurderedfouryearslater.Thoughhedied,hewasgreatlyrespectedandlovedbytheAmericans,boththewhiteand
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