人教版必修高二英语Unit 5语言点总结Word格式文档下载.docx
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人教版必修高二英语Unit 5语言点总结Word格式文档下载.docx
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E.g.Theoryshouldconsistwithpractice.
⒌…islandcountrieshavebetterchancesofbecomingpowerful.
Chance(可能性)+ofsth./doingsth;
todosth;
thatclause
E.g.①Dowehaveanychancesofwinningthegame?
③There’safaintchancethatyou’llfindhimathome.
⒍Doislandnationshaveadvantagesoverothercountries?
①AhaveanadvantageoverBA优于或胜于B,A比B有优势
Eg.Inancientmovie,JackieChanhasanobviousadvantageoverothers.
②havetheadvantageofsth.有某种优势(优点)
eg.Ihavetheadvantageofafirst-classeducation.
③takeadvantageof乘机利用某事物
eg.YououghttotakeadvantageofEnglishprogramsonTV.
Pre-reading,Reading&
Post-reading
1.TheideathatEnglandstandsforFish&
Chips,Speaker’scorner,BigBenandtheTowerofLondonispast.
⑴that引导的是一个同位语从句,用于说明idea的内容。
同位语从句常用于说明idea,news,hope,wish,fact,suggestion等抽象名词的具体内容,连词that没有词义,不充当句子成份,但不可省略。
E.g.Thenewsthatteamhaswonthegameisexciting.
⑵standfor
a.代表,象征,意味着
E.g.WTOstandsforWorldHealthOrganization.
b.赞同,支持,主张
e.g.Whatprinciplesdoyoustandfor?
2.…theirviewofBritishcultureissometimesnarrow.
narrow狭窄的,狭隘的,险胜的
Anarrowriver/steetanarrowideaaboutrelicsanarrowescape(九死一生)
3.ThefactthatthemainlandofGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.
⑴bemadeupof=consistof由…组成
E.g.Thegroupismadeupoffivemembers.=Thegroupconsistsoffivemembers.
⑵beunknowntosb.不为人所知道
E.g.Thecauseofthedelayisstillunknowntous.
比较:
beknowntosb.=befamiliartosb.为某人所熟悉/知道
bewellknownfor=befamousfor因为……而著名
bewellknownas=befamousas作为……而著名
4.…therehasbeenagrowingmovementtomakethemostofitsculturaldiversity—toseeitasitreallyis,anationofdifferentcountriesheldtogetherbyacommonlanguageandculture.
⑴makethemostof充分利用,也可以说makethebestof
E.g.Hewishedtomakethemostofhischance.
⑵diversity多种多样,多样性
E.g.awidediversityofopinions看法上的众说纷纭
Maryhasagreatdiversityofhobbiessuchasstampcollecting,travelling.
⑶asitis以现在的样子,根据下面的情况看
E.g.I’llsendittoyouasitis,(我就照现在的样子卖给你,)butdon’tcomplain,ifitdoesn’twork.
⑷holdtogether使不分开或团结一致
E.g.Theneedsofthechildrenheldtheirmarriagetogether.
5.ThelargestislandiscalledBritain,whichisseparatedfromFrancebytheEnglishChannel,whichatonepointisonly20mileswide.
⑴separateAfromB把A与B分隔开,指把混在一起的或连在一快的分开
E.g.Sheseparatedthegoodapplesfromthebadones.
Divide…into指把整体分成部分
E.g.Ayearisdividedintotwelvemonths.
⑵atonepoint在某一地点;
一度
E.g.Atrafficaccidenthappenedatonepointyesterday.
Atonepoint,hewasveryweak.
6.Ingeneral,Scotlandiscolderthroughouttheyear,andreceivesmorerain.
⑴ingeneral总的说来,大体上,通常
E.g.Ingeneral,peoplelikeher.
⑵throughouttheyear整年,一年到头throughout贯穿,介词
E.g.Heworkedhardthroughouttheyeartosupporthisfamily.
⑶receive动词,收到,接到
7.InthesummermonthsthedifferenceintemperaturebetweenLondonandnorthcanbeasmuchasninedegree.
英语中在表示数量的词语前习惯上加asmuchas,asmanyas等来加强语气。
asmuchas用与表示“雨(水)量”,时间,金钱,重量,钱数,价格等方面。
表示“总量”和“单位量”的大小,asmanyas用于人或物的具体数量前,asmuchas从总的角度出发,侧重于“总量”,asmanyas从个体出发,侧重于具体数目。
E.g.Therainisplentiful,oftenasmuchasseventyincheseveryyear.
Atthejob,shecouldearnasmanyaseightydollarseveryweek.
Thecivilwarinthatcountrylastedasmuchaseighty16years.
Wemustlearnasmanyas300Englishwords.
ThekindofEnglishbuiltasmanyas50pyramids.
asfaras远到;
尽…程度
E.g.Theywalkedasfarastheseaside.
Don’tworry.I’llhelpyouasfarasIcan.
aslongas长达;
只要
e.g.ShespendsaslongasthreehoursonEnglishstudyeveryday.
8.ThecultureofthepeopleintheBritishIsleswasinfluencedbythecultureofthepeopleontheEuropeanmainland.
Influence指不易察觉到的,潜移默化的影响
E.g.Probablyweinfluencedeachother.
affect表示使“变化,对…产生不良影响”,着重“影响”动作。
influence影响力,支配力
E.g.ParentshaveagreatinfluenceonChildren.
9.……TheirlanguagesformedthebasisforEnglish.
⑴Formthebasisfor构成/形成…的基础
E.g.ThisideaformedthebasisforTheoryofRelativity.
⑵为…⑶打下基础,layfoundationsfor
E.g.Four–yearcollegelifelaidsolidbasisforhisfurtherimprovement.
⑶provideabasisfor为…⑶提供依据
E.g.Theresultprovidedasoundbasisforfurtherresearch.
10.TheresultofthisFrenchinfluencewasthattheEnglishlanguageendedupwithmanyFrenchwordssuchastable,animalandage.
endupwith以…结束,通常是最后接受某东西,其意思为receivesth.intheend
E.g.Weendedthesupperupwithfruitandcoffee.
11.…butitwasnotuntil250yearslaterthattheyformedasinglestate.
是一个强调句,有原句Theydidn’tformedasinglestateuntil250yearslater变化而来,此类句子需强调状语until时候,应将否定句not…与状语until…一起作为强调部分,构成itwasnotuntil…that…的巨型
eg.Itwasnotuntil1969thatmansethisfirststeponthemoon.
原句:
Mandidn’tsethisfirststeponthemoonuntil1969.
12.…WhilethesouthernpartofEnglandwasonlypartoftheUKforsometime…
13.Therearesixspokenlanguagesthat’reconsideredtobenativetotheBritishIslesaswellastwolocalaccents.
⑴beconsideredtobe是(considersth/sb.tobe+形容词或名词)的被动式,
E.g.Weconsideredthis(tobe)veryimportant.
⑵benativeto本土的,本国的,土生的
E.g.PandaisnativetoChina.
14.Theyrealisethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration.
Beofgreatvalue=beveryvaluable非常有价值的,可用于此巨型的词有:
use,help,importance,helpetc.
E.g.Weconsidertheirworksofbeofgreatvalue.
Theinventionisofgreatvalue.=Theinventionisveryuseful.
IntergratingSkills
⒈…thegreatnumberofthemisverywonderful.
Thenumberof+复数名词(谓语动词用单数)anumberof+复数名词(谓语动词用复数)
E.g.Anumberofstudentswerestudyinginthereading-room.
⒉AllaroundthecityofSalisbury,asfarastwenty-twomilestothewest,andsixmilessouth,downtothecoast,farmersraisesheep.(此句中farmersraisesheep是句子的主干,前面均是表示方位,距离的短语做状语.其中south前面省略tothe.由于coast是地势较低处,所以用downtothecoast.
⒊TherecouldbeasmanyassixhundredthousandsheepfedwithinsixmilesofSalisbury,measuringeverywayroundandthetowninthecentre.
⑴句中fedwithinsixmilesofSalisbury是一个过去分词短语修饰sheep,measuring…是一个V-ing短语,修饰sixmilesofSalisbury。
⒋ Thecathedralisfamousfortheheightofitstower,whichiswithoutdoubtthehighestandthemosthandsomeinEngland,beingfromtheground410feet.
⑴withoutdoubt=certainly无疑地;
确定地
e.g. Withoutdoubt,ourteamwillwinthegame.
⑵beingfromtheground404feet在此句中做状语,用语说明tower的高度。
⒌ Neitherofthemisverybig,buttheybecomealargerriverwhenjoinedtogether,andyetlargerwhenjoinedbyathirdriver.
⑴athirdriver又一条河流,不定冠词a用在序数词之前,表示“再一, 又一”。
Eg. Youcanhaveasecondtryifyoufailthefirsttime.
⑵Neitherofthebooksisinteresting.(这2本书都没意思。
)表示“两者都”,用both of+复数名词,表复数概念。
E.g. Bothofyouhavetogothere.
⒍…,whichemploythepoorofagreatpartofthecountryround—namely,makingclothandsheets,
namely副词,即,就是,用以补充或具体说明前面已提到的事物
e.g. Twoboysarelateforschooltoday—namely,TomandJim.
⒎…withmanysmallandclearrivers,andrichfieldsbearingfruitandgrain.
⑴bearingfruitandgrain做宾语补足语,bear“结果实”,产生,长出
e.g. Thetreeisbearingalotofapplesthisyear.
⑵with+宾语+v-ing,在此做状语。
E.g. Withyoustandinghere,wecan’twork.
⒏…,villageandhouses,andamongthem(指代houses)many(后省略了are)ofgoodsize.
Ofgoodsize=havegoodsize
E.g.Thecellphoneisofgreathighquality.
=Thecellphonehashighquality.
名词性从句
主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,多由连词that,wh-疑问词或由what,whatever等关系代词引导。
⒈主语从句
⑴主语从句在句子中充当主语,句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。
E.g.Whyherefusedtoworkwithyouisstillamystery.
Whatevercomesiswelcome.
⑵主语从句前的that不能省略,仅起连接作用,有时候为保持句子平衡,that从句后置,而由it作形式主语。
E.g.Thathebecamealawyermayhavebeenduetohismother’sinfluence.
ItisnottruethathehasmovedtoNewYork.
⒉宾语从句在句子中充当宾语
E.g.Idon’tknowwherethesoundcamefrom.
Don’tbesatisfiedwithwhatyouhaveachieved.
⒊当从句放在系动词be,look,remain,seem等后构成表语从句。
E.g.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.
Itseemedthatthenightwouldneverend.
⒋同位语从句
⑴同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释,能接同位语从句的常见名词有:
idea,fact,news,belief,hope,evidence,opinion,problem,truth,proposal,theory,decision.discovery.problem,thought.understanding等。
E.g.Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.(定语从句)
Thefactthathesucceedintheexperimentpleasedeverybody.(同位语从句)
⒌whether与if在名词性从句中的用法区别
if一般指用于引导从句,而whether可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。
⑴连词whether引导主语从句,表语从句时不能用if来替换。
Whetherhewillattendthemeetingisuncertain.
Thequestioniswhetherhewillcome.
⑵宾语从句中,whether常与ornot搭配,也可以说whetherornot,而不说ifornot.
E.g.Idon’tcarewhetherornotshewillattendthemeeting.
⑶whether也可用在介词后,或带to不定式前,ifornot.
E.g.Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogetmarriednoworwait.
Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.
⑷某些动词后面(如discuss)只能用whether,不用if.
E.g.Wediscussedwhetherweshouldgoonclimbing.
二.主语从句高考考点
在句中做主语的从句叫主语从句,是
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