外文文献—MySQL数据库.docx
- 文档编号:651834
- 上传时间:2023-04-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:28.04KB
外文文献—MySQL数据库.docx
《外文文献—MySQL数据库.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《外文文献—MySQL数据库.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
附录文献翻译
附录一中英文翻译
DevelopmenttoolsintroductionMySQL
SimpleIntroduction
TheMySQLdatabasehasbecometheworld'smostpopularopensourcedatabasebecauseofitshighperformance,highreliabilityandeaseofuse.ItisalsothedatabaseofchoiceforanewgenerationofapplicationsbuiltontheLAMPstackLinux,Apache,MySQL,PHP/Perl/Python.Manyoftheworld'slargestandfastest-growingorganizationsincludingFacebook,Google,Adobe,AlcatelLucentandZapposrelyonMySQLtosavetimeandmoneypoweringtheirhigh-volumeWebsites,business-criticalsystemsandpackagedsoftware.
MySQLrunsonmorethan20platformsincludingLinux,Windows,MacOS,Solaris,IBMAIX,givingyouthekindofflexibilitythatputsyouincontrol.Whetheryou'renewtodatabasetechnologyoranexperienceddeveloperorDBA,MySQLoffersacomprehensiverangeofdatabasetools,support,trainingandconsultingservicestomakeyousuccessful.
2.JavaandtheInternet
IfJavais,infact,yetanothercomputerprogramminglanguage,youmayquestionwhyitissoimportantandwhyitisbeingpromotedasarevolutionarystepincomputerprogramming.Theanswerisn’timmediatelyobviousifyou’recomingfromatraditionalprogrammingperspective.AlthoughJavaisveryusefulforsolvingtraditionalstand-aloneprogrammingproblems,itisalsoimportantbecauseitwillsolveprogrammingproblemsontheWorldWideWeb.
2.1Client-sideprogramming
TheWeb’sinitialserver-browserdesignprovidedforinteractivecontent,buttheinteractivitywascompletelyprovidedbytheserver.Theserverproducedstaticpagesfortheclientbrowser,whichwouldsimplyinterpretanddisplaythem.BasicHTMLcontainssimplemechanismsfordatagathering:
text-entryboxes,checkboxes,radioboxes,listsanddrop-downlists,aswellasabuttonthatcanonlybeprogrammedtoresetthedataontheformor“submit”thedataontheformbacktotheserver.ThissubmissionpassesthroughtheCommonGatewayInterfaceCGIprovidedonallWebservers.ThetextwithinthesubmissiontellsCGIwhattodowithit.Themostcommonactionistorunaprogramlocatedontheserverinadirectorythat’stypically
called“cgi-bin.”IfyouwatchtheaddresswindowatthetopofyourbrowserwhenyoupushabuttononaWebpage,youcansometimessee“cgi-bin”withinallthegobbledygookthere.Theseprogramscanbewritteninmostlanguages.Perlisacommonchoicebecauseitisdesignedfortextmanipulationandisinterpreted,soitcanbeinstalledonanyserverregardlessofprocessororoperatingsystem.
ManypowerfulWebsitestodayarebuiltstrictlyonCGI,andyoucaninfactdonearlyanythingwithit.However,WebsitesbuiltonCGIprogramscanrapidlybecomeoverlycomplicatedtomaintain,andthereisalsotheproblemofresponsetime.TheresponseofaCGIprogramdependsonhowmuchdatamustbesent,aswellastheloadonboththeserverandtheInternet.Ontopofthis,startingaCGIprogramtendstobeslow.TheinitialdesignersoftheWebdidnotforeseehowrapidlythisbandwidthwouldbeexhaustedforthekindsofapplicationspeopledeveloped.Forexample,anysortofdynamicgraphingisnearlyimpossibletoperformwithconsistencybecauseaGIFfilemustbecreatedandmovedfromtheservertotheclientforeachversionofthegraph.Andyou’venodoubthaddirectexperiencewithsomethingassimpleasvalidatingthedataonaninputform.Youpressthesubmitbuttononapage;thedataisshippedbacktotheserver;theserverstartsaCGIprogramthatdiscoversanerror,formatsanHTMLpageinformingyouoftheerror,andthensendsthepagebacktoyou;youmustthenbackupapageandtryagain.Notonlyisthisslow,it’sinelegant.
Thesolutionisclient-sideprogramming.MostmachinesthatrunWebbrowsersarepowerful
enginescapableofdoingvastwork,andwiththeoriginalstaticHTMLapproachtheyaresittingthere,justidlywaitingfortheservertodishupthenextpage.Client-sideprogrammingmeansthattheWebbrowserisharnessedtodowhateverworkitcan,andtheresultfortheuserisamuchspeedierandmoreinteractiveexperienceatyourWebsite.
Theproblemwithdiscussionsofclient-sideprogrammingisthattheyaren’tverydifferentfromdiscussionsofprogrammingingeneral.Theparametersarealmostthesame,buttheplatformisdifferent:
aWebbrowserislikealimitedoperatingsystem.Intheend,youmuststillprogram,andthisaccountsforthedizzyingarrayofproblemsandsolutionsproducedbyclient-sideprogramming.Therestofthissectionprovidesanoverviewoftheissuesandapproachesinclient-sideprogramming.
2.2Plug-ins
Oneofthemostsignificantstepsforwardinclient-sideprogrammingisthedevelopmentoftheplug-in.Thisisawayforaprogrammertoaddnewfunctionalitytothebrowserbydownloadingapieceofcodethatplugsitselfintotheappropriatespotinthebrowser.Ittellsthebrowser“fromnowonyoucanperformthisnewactivity.”Youneedtodownloadtheplug-inonlyonce.Somefastandpowerfulbehaviorisaddedtobrowsersviaplug-ins,butwritingaplug-inisnotatrivialtask,andisn’tsomethingyou’dwanttodoaspartoftheprocessofbuildingaparticularsite.Thevalueoftheplug-inforclient-sideprogrammingisthatitallowsanexpertprogrammertodevelopanewlanguageandaddthatlanguagetoabrowserwithoutthepermissionofthebrowsermanufacturer.Thus,plug-insprovidea“backdoor”thatallowsthecreationofnewclient-sideprogramminglanguagesalthoughnotalllanguagesareimplementedasplug-ins.
2.3Scriptinglanguages
Plug-insresultedinanexplosionofscriptinglanguages.Withascriptinglanguageyouembedthesourcecodeforyourclient-sideprogramdirectlyintotheHTMLpage,andtheplug-inthatinterpretsthatlanguageisautomaticallyactivatedwhiletheHTMLpageisbeingdisplayed.Scriptinglanguagestendtobereasonablyeasytounderstandand,becausetheyaresimplytextthatispartofanHTMLpage,theyloadveryquicklyaspartofthesingleserverhitrequiredtoprocurethatpage.Thetrade-offisthatyourcodeisexposedforeveryonetoseeandsteal.Generally,however,youaren’tdoingamazinglysophisticatedthingswithscriptinglanguagessothisisnottoomuchofahardship.
ThispointsoutthatthescriptinglanguagesusedinsideWebbrowsersarereallyintendedtosolvespecifictypesofproblems,primarilythecreationofricherandmoreinteractivegraphicaluserinterfacesGUIs.However,ascriptinglanguagemightsolve80percentoftheproblemsencounteredinclient-sideprogramming.Yourproblemsmightverywellfitcompletelywithinthat80percent,andsincescriptinglanguagescanalloweasierandfasterdevelopment,youshouldprobablyconsiderascriptinglanguagebeforelookingatamoreinvolvedsolutionsuchasJavaorActiveXprogramming.
ThemostcommonlydiscussedbrowserscriptinglanguagesareJavaScriptwhichhasnothingtodowithJava;it’snamedthatwayjusttograbsomeofJava’smarketingmomentum,VBScriptwhichlookslikeVisualBasic,andTcl/Tk,whichcomesfromthepopularcross-platformGUI-buildinglanguage.Thereareothersoutthere,andnodoubtmoreindevelopment.
JavaScriptisprobablythemostcommonlysupported.ItcomesbuiltintobothNetscapeNavigatorandtheMicrosoftInternetExplorerIE.Inaddition,thereareprobablymoreJavaScriptbooksavailablethantherearefortheotherbrowserlanguages,andsometoolsautomaticallycreatepagesusingJavaScript.However,ifyou’realreadyfluentinVisualBasicorTcl/Tk,you’llbemoreproductiveusingthosescriptinglanguagesratherthanlearninganewone.You’llhaveyourhandsfulldealingwiththeWebissuesalready.
2.4Java
Ifascriptinglanguagecansolve80percentoftheclient-sideprogrammingproblems,whatabouttheother20percent—the“reallyhardstuff?
”ThemostpopularsolutiontodayisJava.Notonlyisitapowerfulprogramminglanguagebuilttobesecure,cross-platform,andinternational,butJavaisbeingcontinuallyextendedtoprovidelanguagefeaturesandlibrariesthatelegantlyhandleproblemsthataredifficultintraditionalprogramminglanguages,suchasmultithreading,databaseaccess,networkprogramming,anddistributedcomputing.Javaallowsclient-sideprogrammingviatheapplet.
Anappletisamini-programthatwillrunonlyunderaWebbrowser.TheappletisdownloadedautomaticallyaspartofaWebpagejustas,forexample,agraphicisautomaticallydownloaded.Whentheappletisactivateditexecutesaprogram.Thisispartofitsbeauty—itprovidesyouwithawaytoautomaticallydistributetheclientsoftwarefromtheserveratthetimetheuserneedstheclientsoftware,andnosooner.Theusergetsthelatestversionoftheclientsoftwarewithoutfailandwithoutdifficultreinstallation.BecauseofthewayJavaisdesigned,theprogrammerneedstocreateonlyasingleprogram,andthatprogramautomaticallyworkswithallcomputersthathavebrowserswithbuilt-inJavainterpreters.Thissafelyincludesthevastmajorityofmachines.SinceJavaisafull-fledgedprogramminglanguage,youcandoasmuchworkaspossibleontheclientbeforeandaftermakingrequestsoftheserver.Forexample,youwon’tneedtosendarequestformacrosstheInternettodiscoverthatyou’vegottenadateorsomeotherparameterwrong,andyourclientcomputercanquicklydotheworkofplottingdatainsteadofwaitingfortheservertomakeaplotandshipagraphicimagebacktoyou.Notonlydoyougettheimmediatewinofspeedandresponsiveness,butthegeneralnetworktrafficandloadonserverscanbereduced,preventingtheentireInternetfromslowingdown.
OneadvantageaJavaapplethasovera
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 外文 文献 MySQL 数据库