hvacterms空调专业用语 1Word格式文档下载.docx
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AIRBALANCING
Adjustinganairconditioningsystemsothattherightamountofairisdeliveredtotherightplacesinyourhomeinordertoachievetherightheatingorcoolingeffect.
AIRBALANCETEST
Atestusedtomeasureairflowacrossatowerorairhandlersystem.
AIR,STANDARDCONDITIONS
ConditionsatwhichBTUratingsforsummerairconditioningequipmentisrated.95F0drybulb,75F0wetbulbatthecondenserinletand80F0drybulb,67F0wetbulbattheevaporatorinlet.
AMP
Thepracticalmeter-kilogram-secondunitofelectriccurrentthatisequivalenttoaflowofonecoulombpersecondortothesteadycurrentproducedbyonevoltappliedacrossaresistanceofoneohm.
AMBIENT
Referstothetemperaturesurroundingabodyorunitundertest.
ARI
AirConditioningandRefrigerationInstitute
ATMOSPHERICPRESSURE
Theweightofa1squareinchcolumnoftheearth'
satmosphere.Atsealevelthispressureis14.696poundspersquareinch.
BIMETAL
Twometalswithdifferentratesofexpansionfastenedtogether.Whenheatedorcooledtheywillwarpandcanbemadetoopenorcloseaswitchorvalve.
BOILINGPOINT
Thetemperatureatwhichtheadditionofanyheatwillbeginachangeofstatefromaliquidtoavapor.
BRITISHTHERMALUNIT(BTU)
Theamountofheatnecessarytochangethetemperatureof1poundofpurewater1degreeFahrenheit(oF).
Btuh:
Britishthermalunitsperhour.
MBH:
1000Britishthermalunits/hour
CAPILLARYTUBE
Arefrigerantcontrolconsistingofasmalldiametertubewhichcontrolsflowbyrestriction.Theyarecarefullysizedbyinsidediameterandlengthforeachparticularapplication.
CENTIGRADE
Atemperaturescalewiththefreezingpointofwater00andtheboilingpoint1000atsealevel.
CentralAirConditioningSystem
Systeminwhichairistreatedatacentrallocationanddistributedtoandfromroomsbyoneormorefansandaseriesofducts.
CFM
StandsforCubicFeetperMinute.Thismeasurementindicateshowmanycubicfeetofairpassbyastationarypointinoneminute.Thehigherthenumber,themoreairisbeingmovedthroughtheductworkbythesystem.
CHECKVALVE
Avalvedesignedtopermitflowinonedirectiononly.
CHILLEDWATER
Chillwateristhewaterintheclosedloop(closedtotheatmosphere)orevaporatorsystemofthechiller.
COMPRESSION
Thereductionofvolumeofavapororgasbymechanicalmeans.
COMPRESSIONRATIO
Theratiodeterminedbydividingthedischargepressure,inPSI,bythesuctionpressureinPSI.
COMPRESSOR
Amechanicaldeviceusedtocompressgases.Threemaintypesare:
reciprocating,centrifugalandrotary.
CONDENSATIONPOINT
Thetemperatureatwhichtheremovalofanyheatwillbeginachangeofstatefromavaportoaliquid.
CONDENSINGMEDIUM
Thesubstance,usuallyairorwater,towhichtheheatinacondenseristransferred.
CONDENSINGUNIT
Theportionofarefrigerationsystemwherethecompressionandcondensationofrefrigerantisaccomplished.Sometimesreferredtoasthe'
highside'
.
CONDUCTION
Thetransferofheatfrommoleculetomoleculewithinasubstance.
CONTACTOR
Anelectromagneticactuatedrelay.Usuallyusedtorefertotherelaywhichclosesthecircuittoacompressor.
CONVECTION
Thetransferofheatbyamovingfluid.
COOLINGANTICIPATOR
Aresistanceheater(usuallynotadjustable)inparallelwiththecoolingcircuit.Itis'
on'
whenthecurrentis'
off"
addingheattoshortentheoffcycle.
COP
Ratioofworkperformedoraccomplishedascomparedtotheenergyused.
COIL
Aheatingorcoolingelementmadeofpipeortubing,usuallywithplatesorfins.
CRANKCASEHEATER
Electricheatingelementthatisusedtoheatthecompressorcrankcasetopreventmigratingrefrigerantfromcondensinganddilutingthecrankcaseoilduringtheoff-cycle.
CUBICFEETPERMINUTE
Acommonmeansofassigningquantitativevaluestovolumesofairintransit,usuallyabbreviatedCFM.
CYCLE
Thecompletecourseofoperationofarefrigerantbacktoaselectedstartingpointinasystem.Alsousedtodescribealternatingcurrentthrough360spacedegrees.
Damper
Amovableplate,locatedintheductwork,thatregulatesairflow.Dampersareusedtodirectairtotheareasthatneeditmost.Typicallyusedinazoningapplication.
dB
Adecibelisaunitusedtomeasuretherelativeintensityofsound.
DEHUMIDIFIER
Adevicethatremovesexcessmoisturefromtheair.
DENSITY
Massorweightperunitofvolume.Forexample,standardair=.075poundspercubicfoot.
DISCHARGELINE
Atubeusedtoconveythecompressedrefrigerantvaporfromthecompressortothecondenserinlet.
DISCHARGEPRESSURE
Thepressurereadatthecompressoroutlet.Alsocalledheadpressureorhighsidepressure.
DRYAIR
Airwhichcontainsnomoisturevapor.
DRYBULBTEMPERATURE
Temperaturereadwithanordinarythermometer.
Ductwork
Themethodbywhichairischanneledfromthefurnaceortheblowercoilthroughoutyourhome.
EFFECTIVETEMPERATURE
Anarbitraryconceptwhichcombinesintoasinglevaluetheeffectoftemperature,humidity,andairmovementassensedbythehumanbody.
ENTHALPY
Totalamountofheatinonepoundofasubstancecalculatedfromacceptedtemperaturebase,expressedinBTU'
sperpoundmass.
EQUIVALENTLENGTH
Thatlengthofstraighttubingwhichhasthesamepressuredropasthefitting,valveoraccessory(ofthesamenominalsize)beingconsidered.
EVAPORATIVECOOLING
Thecoolingeffectofvaporizationofaliquidinamovingairstream.
EVAPORATOR
Adeviceinwhichaliquidrefrigerantisvaporized.Somesuperheatingusuallytakesplace.
EVAPORATORSUPERHEAT
Theactualtemperatureoftherefrigerantvaporattheevaporatorexitascomparedtothesaturatedvaportemperatureindicatedbythesuctionpressure.
EXTERNALSTATICPRESSURE
Thesumofthestaticandvelocitypressuresofamovingairsystematthepointofmeasurement.
FAHRENHEIT
Atemperaturescalewiththefreezingpointofwater320Fandtheboilingpoint2120Fatsealevel.
FEETPERMINUTE
Atermassignedtoavelocityofamovingairstream,usuallyexpressFPM.
FILTER-DRIER
Adevicethatremovesmoisture,acidandforeignmatterfromtherefrigerant.
FLASHGAS
Instantaneousevaporationofsomeliquidrefrigerantatthemeteringdeviceduetopressuredropwhichcoolstheremainingliquidrefrigeranttodesiredevaporationtemperature.
FREEZINGPOINT
Thetemperatureatwhichtheremovalofanyheatwillbeginachangeofstatefromaliquidtoasolid.
GAUGEPRESSURE
Pressuremeasuredwithatmosphericpressureasabase.
HEAT
Aformofenergycausingtheagitationofmoleculeswithinasubstance.
HEATEXCHANGER
Adeviceforthetransferofheatenergyfromthesourcetotheconveyingmedium.
HEATFLOW
Heatflowsfromawarmertoacoolersubstance.Theratedependsuponthetemperaturedifference,theareaexposedandthetypeofmaterial.
HEATOFCOMPRESSION
Theheataddedtoavaporbytheworkdoneonitduringcompression.
HEATOFTHELIQUID
Theincreaseintotalheat(Enthalpy)perpoundofasaturatedliquidasitstemperatureisincreasedaboveachosenbasetemperature.(Usually-400Fforrefrigerants).ItisexpressedinBTU'
s.
HEATTRANSFER
Thethreemethodsofheattransferareconduction,convectionandradiation.
Humidifier
Anindoorairqualitydevicethatintroducesmoisturetoheatedairasitpassesfromthefurnaceintotheductworkfordistributionthroughoutthehome.
Humidistat
Anautomaticdeviceusedtomaintainhumidityatafixedoradjustablesetpoint.
HVAC
Heating,VentilationandAirConditioning.
INCHESOFMERCURY-Atmosphericpressureisequalto29.92inchesofmercury.
INFILTRATION
Airthatentersyourhomethroughholes,gaps,andcracks,(e.g.,plumbingorelectricalholes,theheatingandairconditioningsystem,doors,andwindows).
LATENTHEAT
Heatthatproducesachangeofstatewithoutachangeintemperature;
i.e.,icetowaterat32F0orwatertosteamat212F0.
LATENTHEATOFCONDENSATION
TheamountofheatenergyinBTU'
sthatmustberemovedtochangethestateofonepoundofavaportoonepoundofliquidatthesametemperature.
LATENTHEATOFFUSION
Theamountofheatenergy,inBTU'
srequiredtochangethestateofonepoundofaliquidtoonepoundofsolidatthesametemperature.
LATENTHEATOFMELTING
S,thatmustberemovedtochangethestateofonepoundofsolidtoonepoundofvaporatthesametemperature.
LATENTHEATOFVAPORIZATION
srequiredtochangethestateofonepoundofaliquidtoonepoundofvaporatthesametemperature.
LIFT
Toelevateafluidfromoneleveltoahigherlevel.
LIQUIDLINE
Atubeusedtoconveytheliquidrefrigerantfromthecondenseroutlettotherefrigerantcontroldeviceoftheevaporator.
LOADCALCULATION
Amathematicaldeterminationofhowmuchcoolingandheating(BTUs)anHVACsystemmustdeliverforoccupantsafetyandcomfort.
Itisbasedonavarietyoffactors:
squarefootage,build
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