整理北京故宫英文导游辞.docx
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整理北京故宫英文导游辞.docx
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整理北京故宫英文导游辞
9所有外部电缆连接要求良好,不能有松动现象□通过□未通过
施工单位(盖章):
建设单位(盖章):
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室外天线的安装角度按照设计要求进行方向、角度的调整,使无线信号的主波束能够对准覆盖目标
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如果AP壁挂安装在大楼墙面上,必须做好防盗措施,建议将AP安装在定做的机箱之中,并保持通风良好、通气孔畅通,保持工作环境清洁无灰尘
参加测试人员:
建设单位名称:
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(2)相切:
直线和圆有惟一公共点时,叫做直线和圆相切,这时直线叫做圆的切线,惟一的公共点做切点.
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5、设备安装位置表北京故宫英文导游辞
forbiddencity(紫禁城)
(infrontofthemeridiangate)
ladiesandgentlemen:
iampleasedtoserveasyourguidetoday.
itisbelievedthatthepalacemuseum,orzijincheng(purpleforbiddencity),gotitsnamefromastronomyfolklore,theancientastronomersdividedtheconstellationsintogroupsandcenteredthemaroundtheziweiyuan(northstar).theconstellationcontainingthenorthstarwascalledtheconstellationofheavenlygodandstaritselfwascalledthepurplepalace.becausetheemperorwassupposedlythesonoftheheavenlygods,hiscentralanddominantpositionwouldbefurtherhighlightedtheuseofthewordpurpleinthenameofhisresidence.infolklore,theterm”aneasternpurplecloudisdrifting”becameametaphorforauspiciouseventsafterapurplecloudwasseendriftingeastwardimmediatelybeforethearrivalofanancientphilosopher,laozi,tothehanghupass.here,purpleisassociatedwithauspiciousdevelopments.thewordjin(forbidden)isself-explanatoryastheimperialpalacewasheavilyguardedandoff-explanatoryastheimperialpalacewasheavilyguardedandoff-limitstoordinarypeople.
theredandyellowusedonthepalacewallsandroofsarealsosymbolic.redrepresentshappiness,goodfortuneandwealth.yellowisthecoloroftheearthontheloessplateau,theoriginalhomeofthechinesepeople.yellowbecameanimperialcolorduringthetangdynasty,whenonlymembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowedtowearitanduseitintheirarchitecture.
manpowerandmaterialsthroughoutthecountrywereusedtobuildtheforbiddencity.atotalof230,000artisansandonemillionlaborerswereemployed.marblewasquarriedfromfangshancountrymountpaninjixiancountyinhebeiprovince.granitewasquarriedinquyangcountyinhebeiprovince.pavingblockswerefiredinkilnsinsuzhouinsouthernchina.bricksandscarletpigmentationusedonthepalatialwallscamefromlinqinginshandongprovince.timberwascut,processedandhauledfromthenorthwesternandsouthernregions.
thestructureinfrontofusisthemeridiangate.itisthemainentrancetotheforbiddencity.itisalsoknowsaswufenglou(five-phoenixtower).mingemperorsheldlavishbanquetshereonthe15thdayofthefirstmonthofthechineselunaryearinhornoroftheircounties.theyalsousedthisplaceforpunishingofficalsbyfloggingthemwithsticks.
qingemperorsusedthisbuildingtoannouncethebeginningofthenewyear.qingemperorqianglongchangedtheoriginalnameofthisannouncementceremonyfrombanli(announcementofcalendar)tobanshou(announcementofnewmoon)toavoidcoincidentalassociationwithanotheremperor`sname,hongli,whichwasconsideredatabooatthattime.qingdynastyemperorsalsousedthisplacetoholdaudienceandforotherimportantceremonies.forexample,whentheimperialarmyreturnedvictoriouslyfromthebattlefield,itwasherethattheemperorpresidedovertheceremonytoacceptprisonersofwar.
Wade–GilesromanizationWu-t’aiShan,PinyinWutaiShanmountainandmountainchaininnortheastShansiProvince,China.Themountainchainisamassifwithasouthwest–northeastaxis,separatedfromtheHengShan(mountains)tothenorthwestbythevalleyoftheHu-t’oHo(river),whichcurvesarounditssouthernflanktoflowintotheNorthChinaPlaininHopehProvince.Mt.Wu-t’aiisactuallyaclusterofflat-toppedpeaksfromwhichthemountaintakesitsname(FiveTerraces).Thehighestpeakis10,033ft(3,058m)abovesealevel.
Mt.Wu-t’aiisparticularlyfamousasoneofthegreatholyplacesofChineseBuddhism.Greatnumbersoftemples,includingsomeoftheoldestwoodenbuildingssurvivinginChina,arescatteredoverthemountain;thelargesttemples—suchastheHsien-t’ung,theTa-ta-yüan,andthePu-sa-ting-shen-jung-yüan—aregroupedaroundthetownofT’ai-huai-chen.
Mt.Wu-t’aiappearsfirsttohavebecomeaholymountaintotheTaoistadeptsofthelaterHandynasty(AD25–220)butcameintoprominenceinthe5thcenturyundertheNorthernWeidynasty(386–534/35)when,asCh’ing-liangShan,itbecameidentifiedasthedwellingplaceofMãnjuśrībodhisattva(aheavenlybeingwhovoluntarilypostponeshisBuddhahoodinordertoworkforworldlywelfareandunderstanding).ThecultofMãnjuśrīwasintensifiedundertheT’angdynasty(618–907).InearlyT’angtimesMountWu-t’aiwascloselyassociatedwiththepatriarchsoftheHua-yenBuddhistschool,becomingtheprincipalcentreoftheirteaching.DuringthisperioditattractedscholarsandpilgrimsnotonlyfromallpartsofChinabutalsofromJapan,whocontinuedtovisitandstudythereuntilthe12thcentury.
ManyoftheothermonasteriesintheregionwereattachedtoCh’anBuddhism,whichinthe9thcenturyfoundpatronageintheregionfromtheprovincialgovernorsoftheneighbouringareasofHopeh,whowereabletoprotectMountWu-t’aifromtheworstravagesofthegreatreligiouspersecutionthatoccurredfrom843to845.UnderMongolruleinthelate13thcentury,TibetanBuddhism(Lamaism)wasfirstintroducedtoMountWu-t’ai.DuringtheCh’ingdynasty(1644–1911/12),whentheTibetanBuddhistreligionwasanimportantelementinrelationsbetweentheChinesecourtandtheirMongolandTibetanvassalsandwhenthestategavelavishsupporttomonasteriesinhabitedbylamas(monks),MountWu-t’aiwasoneoftheprincipalmonasticcentres.
Fewofthepresentbuildingsareveryold,butthemainhalloftheHua-kuangSsu,datingfrom857,istheoldestsurvivingwoodenbuildinginChina.
TheExhibitionofInscribedBambooTabletsofWuKingdomoftheThreeKingdomsatChangsha Ladiesandgentlemen,
WelcometoChangshamuseum.Wellbeheretovisit“TheExhibitionofInscribedBamboo TabletsofWuKingdomoftheThreeKingdomsatChangshaandTheYearsofUnearthed MostValuableCulturalRelics”.Ihopemyexplanationcansatisfyyou!
Now,weareinthefirstexhibitionhall.Here,itadoptspanoramictechnique,andrestoresthesiteofunearthingBambooTabletsofWuKingdom.In1996,duringJulytoNovember,inthesoutheastofWuYisquare,teamupwithPingHeTangDepartment.TheexhumationswerecarriedonbyChangsharelicsworkteams.Theyunearth61archaicwellsduringthe
WarringStatesperiodandtheMingandQingDynasty,andfoundout3000kindsofrelics,likecopper,ironbamboo,wood,ceramics,andsoon.Topeople’sastonishment,intheNo.22archaicwell,theyfoundlotsofbambootabletsandwooden
slips.Afterconfirming,theyaretherelicsofSunWuinThreekingdoms1700yearsago.Thesepatchesofrelicswouldreplenishthelackedhistoricalmaterialsofthreekingdomsexactly.Ourcountryoncehadfourdiscoveries:
TheoracleboneinscriptionofYin,bambootabletsandwoodenslipsofTunxuinnorthwestChina,CulturalbooksofDunhuangstoneroom,FilesofQingcabinet.BambooTabletsofWuKingdomoftheThreeKingdomsatChangshacanbementionedinthesamebreathwiththefourdiscoveries,andbecomethesearchingsubjectofinternationalacademia.
Everybody!
PleaselookatthecrosssectionreconstructionoftheNO.22archaicwell.Itsupperpartofopeningwasdamagedwhenitwasexcavating.Thisisanirregularcircularshapeverticalshaft;thebottomhasabagformlikely.Theopeningofthewellhasalength3.5mfromsouthtonorth,3.1mfromeasttowest,and5.6mindepth.Theopeningiscoveredwithpureredbrowncolorclay,1.5mdeeperofwhichisthebambootabletsandwoodenslipslayer.Thebambootabletsandwoodenslipslayeris50cmthickincenterand20cmthinonallsides,piledupwithslopeform.Theropestiedthebambootabletsandwoodenslipshavebecomerotten,butwecanseetheywereburiedbybundlesatthattime.Therearemorethan10,000piecesofbambootabletsandwoodenslipsbytheinitialstatistics.Thesecondlayeristhegraybrownclaylayerof3.1mthick,amongthemmixup
withlotsofbamboowoodscrapes,grassscrapes,leaves,fragmentarybricks,potteryandporcelainandsoon.Atthebottomofthewellisanothersmallwell,whichhassquarewoodenframe.Thefourcornersarenailedbyastickofspileinlayedwithtwowoodenboardsasthewellwall.Thecircleofthewellis93cmlong,58cmtall.Thefunctionofthissmallwellisprobablyforgatheringthegroundwaterfromallsidesofthewell,and thenputforwardtopouroutwithwaterpitcherandothertoolsinordertomaintainthewellspacedry.Thisisthelivingphototakenbythetimeofexcavating.
AnalyzingthestructureandrelicsofthewellNO.22,itisanancientwellforstoringfood.TheclimateofChangshaissohot,wetandrainythatthefoodiseasytoberot,butthecircumstanceunderthegroundof10mdepthisjustlikeasamodernrefrigerator.ThearchaeologicaldiscoveriesapprovedthatpeoplehadusedthisstoringmethodfromthetimeofShangdynasty.
Youmayaskthat,whywerethebambootabletsofWuKingdomburiedinthewell?
Therearetwostatements.ThefirstoneconsideredthatintheperiodofThreeKingdoms,thereweresomanywars,thesuddenlyburst-outwarmadepeopleburythemhereinahurry.Theotherconsideredthattoburytheminthewellmaybeawayofdealingwiththerecordsinthepast.
Nowpleaselookatthephoto.ThisisthephotoofunearthingtheNo.22well.Wecanseethatthebambootabletsandwoodenslipsweresoakedinthemud.W
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