语言学树形图word精品Word文档下载推荐.docx
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语言学树形图word精品Word文档下载推荐.docx
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PP
DetN
theargumentagainsttheproposals
e)movetowardsthewindow
move
towardsthewindow
3.Drawphrasestructuretreesforeachofthefollowingsentences.a)ThejetIanded.
InflP(=S)
/X
Infl
Pst
Ianded
Thejet
b)Marybecameveryill.
PstV
becamevery
Mary
c)Whatwillyoutalkabout?
CP
ill
Sz
NPInfl
VPN
What
will
youe
talkaboute
d)Theapplemighthitthe
S
man.
Det
Aux
The
apple
might
hit
the
man
N
mighthitthe
e)Heoftenreadsdetectivestories.
OR
NPInflVP
NQualVNP
Heoftenreadsetectivestories
4.Thefollowingsentencescontainmodifiersofvarioustypes.Foreachsentence,firstidentifythemodifier(s),thendrawthetreestructures.
a)AfrightenedpassengerIandedthecrippledairplane.
DetANPstVNP
DetAN
AfrightenedpassengerIandedthecrippledairplane
b)Ahugemoonhungintheblacksky.
DetA
NPstV
Ahuge
moon
c)Anunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeeting.
Det*
■-N
meeting
Anunusualeventoccurredbeforethe
d)Aquaintoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill.
A
P
Aquaintold
houseappearedonthegrassy
hill
5.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainconjoinedcategories.Drawatreestructureforeachofthesentences.
a)Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.
DetANP
Jim
has
washedthedirtyshirtsand
pants
V
washed
NCONN
thedirty
shirtsandpants
Helenput
CON
on
herclothes
and
went
out
b)Helenputonherclothesandwentout.S
Helenputon
herclothesand
c)Maryisfondofliteraturebuttiredofstatistics.S
Maryisfondof
literature
but
(is)
tiredofstatistics
NPres
d)Thedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousman
came
in.
Adv
andthemysteriousmancamein
Thedetective
wentout
e)Crusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt.
comeandthesnow
Crusoeknowsthatspringwill
willmelt
6.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainembeddedclausesthatfunctionascomplementsofaverb,anadjective,aprepositionoranoun.Drawatreestructureforeachsentence.
a)YouknowthatIhatewar.
You
C
Pres
knowthat
hate
war
b)HesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover.S
He
saidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover
c)Gerrycan'
believethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam.
Gerrycannotbelieve
factthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam
d)ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce.S
NPVP
NVLAC-S
A/l\
DetNVNPNP
NDetN
ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce
e)
Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.S
VPk"
-^CP
八
VP
Thechildren
whetherbats
arguedover
7.Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsarelativeclause.Drawtreesforeachofthesentences.
had
wings
thedeepstructureandthesurfacestructure
a)Theessaythathewrotewastoolong.
Deepstructure
Theessayhe
wrotethatwas
toolong
essaythat
Deg
VNP
was
too
long
he
wrotee
b)Thedogthathekeepsbites.
dog
keeps
that
bites
PresV
c)Herbertfoundthemansheloved.
Herbert
foundtheman
shelovedwho
(whom)
sheloved
e
foundthe
d)Thegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithmajorsinlinguistics.
Thegirl
oftenquarrelswithwhommajorsin
linguistics
girl
emajorsinlinguistics
oftenquarrels
whom
with
8.Thederivationsofthefollowingsentencesinvolvetheinversiontransformation.Givethedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesesentences.
a)Wouldyoucometomorrow?
AdvP
you
would
cometomorrow
Surfacestructure
b)Canyoupassmethenewspaper?
can
passme
thenewspaper
Can
pass
me
newspaper
c)Shouldthestudentsreporttheincident?
thestudentsshould
reporttheincident
should
students
d)Whatdidyoueatforlunch?
Deepstructure
e)Whoshouldthisbereportedto
thisshouldbe
reportedto
be
this
reported
to
f)WhatwasHelenbringingtotheparty?
CS
NPCS
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