高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期五成功与失败I.docx
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高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期五成功与失败I.docx
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高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期五成功与失败I
2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期五成功与失败(I)
单词识记:
price gain purpose successful
tryaimattemptavoid
disadvantageobjectseekabandon
ambitionintentionobtainobjective
judgmentattaindesiretarget
短语扫描:
etonothing完全失败
etrue实现;成为现实
owe...to把……归功于
stickto坚持;遵守
takepainstodosth.努力做某事
giveup放弃
withdifficulty困难地;艰难地
atthepriceof以……的代价
makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.尝试做某事
strugglefor为……而斗争
[跟踪训练]
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.Iwasn’t(success),sotheylookeddownonme.
2.Thechildwasfound(被抛弃的)butunharmed.
3.Iransaysitsnuclearambitionsareforpeaceful(目的).
4.Theysaidthatthey(试图)tofinishthetaskbeforeJuly.
5.Wearelearninghowtoconfrontdeathinsteadof(逃避)itsreality.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.Howyouthechallengeinthesecondhalfwilldeterminewhatyoubeeafterthegame,whetheryouareawinneroraloser.
A.respondtoB.submitto
CmittoD.stickto
7.IhavealwaystoChina,andnowmydreamhas.
A.dreaming;etrue
B.dreamtofing;etrue
C.dreamedtoe;realized
D.dreameding;realizing
8.TheWFPhaslaunchedanewappcalledShareTheMeal,thepotential,peoplebelieve,isenormousasitallowssmartphoneuserstomakedonationswithasimpletapontheirphone.(xx·南通如东、徐州丰县联考)
A.whoseB.that
C.whichD.ofwhich
9.Evenwiththegiftof10,000,itwasdifficultforhertoamortgage,butsheeventuallyfoundalenderandahouse.
A.payB.obtain
C.cancelD.accept
10.Anoticewasinordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.
A.sentupB.givenup
C.setupD.putup
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Theysayacathasninelives,andIthinkthatpossiblesinceIamnowlivingmythirdlifeandI’mnotevenacat.MyfatherdiedwhenIwas15,andwehadahardstruggletomakealiving.Andmymother,whowasseriouslyillinherlastyears,diedwhilestillinher60s.Mysistermarriedsoonafter,andIfollowedherexamplewithintheyear.
ThiswaswhenIbegantoenjoymyfirstlife.Iwasveryhappy,inexcellenthealth.IhadagoodjobinSanJoseandabeautifulhomeupthepeninsula(半岛)inSanCarlos.Lifewasapleasantdream.Thenthedreamended.Ibecameafflicted(使苦恼)withaslowlyprogressivediseaseofthemotornerves,affectingfirstmyrightarmandleg,andthenmyotherside.Thusbeganmysecondlife...
InspiteofmydiseaseIstilldrovetoandfromworkeachday,withtheaidofspecialequipmentinstalledinmycar.AndImanagedtokeepmyhealthandoptimism,toadegree,becauseof14steps.Crazy?
Notatall.Ourhomewasanaffairwith14stepsleadingupfromthegaragetothekitchendoor.Thosestepswereastandardmeasureoflife.Theyweremyyardstick,mychallengetocontinueliving.IfeltthatifthedayarrivedwhenIwasunabletoliftonefootuponestepandthendragtheotherpainfullyafterit—repeatingtheprocess14times,Iwouldbethrough—Icouldthenadmitdefeatandliedownanddie.
ThenonadarknightinAugust,1971,Ibeganmythirdlife.ItwasrainingwhenIstartedhomethatnight;strongwindsandslashingrainbeatdownonthecarasIdroveslowlydownoneofthelesstravelledroads.Suddenlythesteeringwheeljerked(猝然一动).InthesameinstantIheardthebangofablowout.Itwasimpossibleformetochangethattire!
Utterlyimpossible!
IstartedtheengineandthumpedslowlyalonguntilIcametothedirtroad,whereIturnedinandwhereIfoundlightedwindowsweledmetoahouseandpulledintothedrivewayandhonkedthehorn.
Thedooropenedandalittlegirlstoodthere.Whensheknewwhathappenedtome,shewentintothehouseandamomentlatercameout,followedbyamanwhocalledacheerfulgreeting.Isattherefortableanddry,andfeltabitsorryforthemanandthelittlegirlworkingsohardinthestorm.
Aboutanhourlater,theman’svoicewasheard,“Thisisabadnightforcartrouble,butyou’reallsetnow.”“Thanks,”Isaid,“HowmuchdoIoweyou?
”Heshookhishead,“Nothing.Cynthiatoldmeyouwereacripple.Gladtobeofhelp.Iknowyou’ddothesameforme.There’snocharge,friend.”Iheldoutafivedollarbill,“No!
Iliketopaymyway.”Hemadenoefforttotakeitandthelittlegirlsteppedclosertothewindowandsaidquietly,“Grandpacan’tseeit.”
1.“Acathasninelives”heremeans“”.
A.acatcanliveninetimeslongerthananyotheranimal
B.acatcandieninth
C.aluckymancannotdieeasily
D.theauthorwillliveninetimes
2.Whatdoyouthinkofthemanwhohelpedchangethetire?
A.Old,warmheartedbutpitiable.
B.Blind,butwarmheartedandhappy.
C.Ablindoldmanthathasnothingtodoeveryday.
D.Apooroldmanthatisalwaysreadytohelpothers.
3.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentence“Ifollowedherexamplewithintheyear”?
A.Helistenedtohissistercarefully.
B.Mothertoldhimthathemustgettheagreementfromhissisterforwhateverhewoulddo.
C.Hissistergotmarried.He,too.
D.Hissisterwasagreatwoman.Hemustlearnfromher.
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
Themostmonuseofintelligencetestscoresistopredictdegreeofacademicsuccess.Suchscoresareusedinsomemunitiesasbasesforadmittingablechildrentoschoolsatagesyoungerthannormal,andtheyareverygenerallyusedtodetermineadmissionstoschoolsbeyondpublicsecondaryschool.Anothermon
useinelementaryschoolsinvolvesparingsuchscoreswithperformancesinvarioussubjectstoidentifychildrenwhoareworkingbelowcapacity.
Thegreatestprobleminusingintelligencetestsforthepurposeofpredictionisthatnodependablecriterionoftheiraccuracyexists.Theidealcriteriawouldbeobjectiveandreliableachievementtestsfollowinginstructionsineachsubject,buttherearefewsuchtests,especiallyatthecollegelevel.Studieshaveshownthatcorrelations(相关性)betweenintelligencetestsandachievementtestsinvarioussubjectsthroughsecondaryschoolrangeroughlyfrom0.5to0.8.Suchcorrelationsarefairlyhigh,buttheydonotsuggestanywherenearpleteagreement.
Atthecollegeleveltherearetwomajortestsusedascriteriaofadmission.ByfarthemoreimportantistheCollegeEntranceExamination,constructedbytheEducationalTestingServiceauthorizedbytheCollegeEntranceExaminationBoard.ThesetestsarereturnedtotheEducationalTestingServiceforscoring,andtheresultsarethenmadeavailabletothevariouscollegesauthorizedbythestudentstoreceivethem.ThesecondtestofthistypeistheAmericanCollegeTest,whichoperatesinessentiallythesamefashion.
Bothtestsconstitute(组成)measuresofcertainskills,abilities,andknowledgethathavebeenfoundtoberelatedtosuccessincollege.Theircorrelationswithacademicsuccessarelimitedforthreeoutstandingreasons.First,measuresofachievementincollegearethemselvesperhapsnomorereliablethanthoseinelementaryandsecondaryschools.Second,intellectualfactorsdonotalonedetermineacademicsuccess,especiallyatthecollegelevel.Manystudentsdropoutofschoolsbecausetheyareinadequatelymotivatedorbecausetheydisliketheinstructionalprogramme.Third,correlationsareloweredbecausetheuseofsuchtestsfordenyingadmissiontosomestudentsmeansthattherangeofscoresforthoseadmittedisrestricted,andsuchrestrictionstendtoreducecorrelations.
mon4.ofintelligencetestscores
•Totellin5.thedegreeofacademicsuccess.
•Tohelpadmitchildrenwithoutstanding6.toschoolattheageyoungerthanordinary.
•Tofindoutchildrenwith7.abilityinprimaryschoolthanaverage.
8.withintelligencetests
•Idealcriteriaforobjectiveandreliableachievementtestsincollegecoursesare9.tofind.
•Correlationsbetweenintelligencetestsandachievementtestsarefairlyhighbutstilllimited.
Twomajortestsatthecollegelevel
•CEE
•ACT
•BothtestsarescoredbytheEducationalTestingService.
•The10.oftheCollegeEntranceExaminationwillbesenttothecollegesthatthestudentschoose.
•Thecorrelationswithacademicsuccessarelimitedforthreereasonsas11..
a.Measuresofcollegeachievementareas12.asthoseinprimaryandmiddleschools.
b.Academicsuccessisdeterminedbymanyotherfactors13.fromintellectualones.
c.Admissionrestrictionstendtoreducecorrelations.
答案精析
高考高频单词与短语识记排查
跟踪训练
Ⅰ.1.successful 2.abandoned 3.purposes 4.attempted5.avoiding
Ⅱ.6.A [句意为:
你对下半场如何反应将会决定比赛后你成为成功者还是失败者。
respondto作出反应;submitto提交,呈递;mitto忠诚,全心全意于;stickto坚持。
故选A。
]
7.B [句意为:
我经常梦想到中国去,现在我的梦想终于实现了。
dreamof梦想……;etrue实现。
]
8.D [考查定语从句。
句意为:
世界粮食计划署已经推出一个新的应用软件叫做ShareTheMeal,人们相信它的潜力是巨大的,因为它允许智能手机的用户用手机简单的点击就可以捐赠。
使用定语从句,先行词是anewapp,定语从句中完整表达是thepotentialoftheapp,用which引导定语从句,将of提到which前面。
或者是thepotentialofwhich。
如果用whose,就去掉potential前面的the。
故选D。
]
9.B [此处指即使有了这10000支票,她获得按揭还很困难。
obtain获得。
]
10.D [考查动词短语辨析。
句意为:
为提醒学生们讲座时间的改变,有人贴出了一张通知。
sendup发射;giveup放弃;setup建立,组建;putup举起,张贴,留宿,故选D。
]
阅读能力专练
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了“我”九死一生的艰难经历,表现出“我”面对挫折时的坚强意志。
1.C [细节理解题。
根据第一段第一句中的“andIthinkthatpossiblesinceIamnowlivingmythirdlifeandI’mnotevenacat”可知,幸运的人不会轻易死掉。
]
2.B [推理判断题。
根据最后两段中的“acheerfulgreeting”,“Gladtobeofhelp...There’snocharge,friend.”及“Grandpacan’tseeit.”可知,老人虽然是个盲人,但他很热心,乐于助人。
]
3.C [句意理解题。
根据画线句前的“Mysistermarriedsoonafter”可知,“我”和姐姐一样也结婚了。
]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了智商测试的分数在考试及选拔人才中的运用,并分析了智商测试的优缺点和具体的运用情况。
4.uses/functions [信息查找题。
根据文章第一段第一句“Themostmonuseofintelligencetestscores...”可知答案。
]
5.advance [信息转换题。
根据文章第一段第一句“Themostmonuseofintelligencetestscoresistopredictdegreeofacademicsuccess.”可知答案。
]
6.intelligence/ability [信息转换题。
根据文章第一段第二句“Suchscoresareusedinsomemunitiesasbasesforadmittingablechildrentoschoolsatagesyoungerthannormal...”可知答案。
]
7.lower/less/weaker/poorer [信息转换题。
根据文章第一段最后一句“...toidentifychildrenwhoareworkingbelowcapacity.”可知答案。
]
8.Problems [信息查找题。
根据文章第二段第一句“Thegreatestprobleminusingin
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