高考英语全国1卷含答案和简单解析.docx
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高考英语全国1卷含答案和简单解析.docx
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高考英语全国1卷含答案和简单解析
2018年高考英语全国1卷含答案和简单解析
D
16.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon’scomingweekend?
A.RelaxedB.BoringC.Busy.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题
17.WhoisWangMing?
A.AstudentB.AnemployerC.Anengineer
18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegejobmarketthisyear?
A.It’sunpredictableB.It’squitestableC.It’snotoptimistic
19.Wharpercentageofstudentjobseekershavefoundajobbynow?
A.20%B.22%C.50%
20.Whyareengineeringgraduatesmorelikelytoacceptajob?
A.TheyneedmoreworkexperienceB.ThesalaryisusuallygoodC.Theirchoiceislimited.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?
JaneAddams(1860-1935)
AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addanshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneedIn1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.
RachelCarson(1907-1964)
Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.
SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)
WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.
RosaParks(1913-2005)
OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetlfftheMontgmerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredlrgivingin,”saidParks.
21.WhatisjaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?
A.Hersocialwork.B.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.
C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hercommunitybackground.
22.WhatisthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?
A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.
C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.
23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheUS?
A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor.
24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?
A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretrulycreative.
C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.
此篇为有小标题的应用文,内容为华盛顿四种骑车游的介绍,配备3道细节理解题,出题形式中规中矩,相对比较简单。
此类文章根据题干中的关键词仔细回原文寻找对应即可。
21.A细节理解题。
题目问“哪一个骑车游需要提前预定”,根据第一段内容中的“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear(在有效期和樱花消失前预约)”可知应选A。
此题难点在于熟悉词汇(inadvance和reserve)。
22.D细节理解题。
题目问“首都骑车游中你能做什么”,根据第三段内容中的“KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks(知识丰富的向导会给你讲关于总统、国会、纪念馆还有公园的最有趣的故事)”可知应选D选项“听有趣的故事”。
23.D细节理解题。
题目问“以下哪一个是夜间骑车游提供的”,根据第四段内容中的“Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights(所有骑行者装备反光背心和安全灯)”可知应选D选项。
B
GrandparentsAnsweraCall
AsathirdgenerationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverpleasedmoveaway,.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelptheirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMsGaffinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemovetoasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.
NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertothechildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudygrandparentscom.83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson‘sdecisionwillinfluencethegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.
“inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughfsstenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofgratemanazineforgrandparents.Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportant””tobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’rerainingchildren.”
Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.
25.WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?
A.Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.B.Itimprovedherlivingconditions.
C.Itenabledhermakemorefriends.D.Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.
26.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?
A.17%expressedtheirsupportforit.B.Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.
C.83%believedithadabadinfluence.D.Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.
27.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?
A.Theywereunsureofraisemorechildren.
B.Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.
C.Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.
D.Theybadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparent.
28.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelasrparagraph?
A.Makedecisionsinthebestinterests'oftheirown
B.Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem
C.Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren
D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter
24.B细节理解题,出处可定位至第一段herlatestrole,为各种家庭展示如何用比较少的预算去做既好吃又有营养的饭菜;A选项虽然提到Susanna和guest,但是embarrass偷换了原文的概念,可以排除;C选项无中生有;D选项原文中未提到她自己的家庭预算很紧张。
25.C细节理解题,出处定位至第二段withthehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder$5perfamilyaday.可知Matt在烹饪事物上帮助了Susanna。
26.C细节理解题,出处定位至SaveMoney:
GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:
GoodHealth,…可知作者是为读者介绍了SaveMoney这个节目是怎么来的,即是背景信息,故选择C项。
27.D主旨大意题,主旨句一般可定位至文章的第一段,but后的关键信息点sheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.可知答案D。
C
IampeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2018,I'vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.
IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:
”Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenofightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:
”Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplancetobeheldforme.re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.
Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethanthatboxyou’regotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.
29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph17
AproviderBdeliveryman
CcollectorDmedicaldoctor
30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?
A. He cannot stay away from his job too longB. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that very much.D. The ice won't last any longer.
31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A. To London B. To NewarkC. To Providence D. To Washington
28.B细节理解题。
由hunter-gatherertimes定位到第一自然段,根据whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps1200languagesbetweenthem.可是当时人少,但是语言很多。
29.C推测词义题。
根据第二段后半部分dominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover,列举的英语、西班牙语、中文等都是使用人数较多等语言,所以选择powerful。
30.B细节理解题。
根据第三段Atpresent,theworldhasabout6800languages和Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisawere6000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.可知现在有3400种语言被少于6000人说。
31.C主旨大意题。
根据Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.可知增加的语言少消失的语言多,且本文按照时间顺序写作,讲了随着人类发展,很多语言消失。
所以选择C。
D
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(
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