HND地理outcome2.docx
- 文档编号:4703540
- 上传时间:2023-05-07
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:4
- 大小:14.19KB
HND地理outcome2.docx
《HND地理outcome2.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《HND地理outcome2.docx(4页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
Q1
Inabout750-1000wordsexplaintheinfluencethatallofthefollowingfactorswouldhaveonadomesticfirmexpandingintoamajoroverseasmarketsuchasJapan.
¨Politicalstability
¨Economicsituation
¨Belief/valuesystems
¨Language
Politicalstability
Politicalstabilityisthefirstandforemostfactoraboutexpandingintooverseasmarketwhichofferastableconditionforbusiness.Forexample,ifthereiswarintheplaceofoverseasmarketorsocietyisunrest,thebusinesswillnotoperatenormallybecauselocalcitizendonothaveinterestofmakingeconomicactivities.Conversely,ifitispeacefulandcitizendonotworryaboutthreateningpolicyfromgovernmentthere,thedomesticfirmwantingtoexpandwilloperatesteady.InJapan,inrecentyears,the
relationshipbetweenChinaandJapanisunfriendlyandJapanesegovernmenttookatoughstanceagainstChina,whichisnotagoodsignfordomesticfirmtoexpand.
Economicsituation
Japaniscapitalism.Accordingrelevantreport,Japaneseeconomicsituationisnotoptimistic.ThereisseriousinflationinJapan.90yearsago,Japanaccountedfor15.9percentofthetotaleconomyofthewholeworld,howeverin2011,droppedtoalittlemorethan8%andthetrendyetcontinues,whichdisplay,Japan’seconomicstatushasbeennotasbetterasprevious.TheotherpotentialriskoftheJapaneseeconomicsituationisunemploymentrateincreasegradually,whichisbadfordomesticfirmtoexpand.However,Japanalsohasmanyadvantageconducedtoexpanding,suchasadvancedtechnology,citizenwithgoodeducation,etc.Itischallengeandopportunityfordomesticfirm.
Belief/valuesystems
ThereisafamoussayingfromWorthington&Britton”acomplexsetofvalues,norms,beliefs,attitudes,customs,systemsandartefactswhicharehandeddownfromgenerationtogenerationthroughtheprocessofsocialisationandwhichinfluencehowindividualsseetheworldandhowtheybehaveinit”.Japanesemoralsystemalsoisrelativism,itisforaspecificrelationshipratherthanemphasizingabstractprinciples.ThereisnotgeneralethicalstandardbutthemostcomplexcumbersomerulesofbehaviorinworldinJapan.Japaneseneverjudgepersonfromanabsolutevaluesystem.ThecoreofJapanesebehaviorisrelative,whichaskdomesticfirmforoperate
withflexibilitybecauseinJapanesesociety,rightandwrong,goodandbad,beautyanduglyarepossibletotransform.
Language
Languageisaessentialfactoraboutexpanding.Wheninabusinessmeeting,useinappropriatewordswillmakemeetingshaltsometimes.InJapan,therearemanywaystocallaperson,butindifferentways,theinnermeaningisdifferent.Translatormustuserightwordscarefully.
Q2
DescribeanapproachthatcouldbeadoptedbyaninternationalbusinessoperatinginJapantoreducecommercialriskfrompoliticalissues
Thereare3formaboutpoliticalissues,discriminatorygovernmentintervention,expropriationrisk,violencerisk.AgriculturedoesnotoccupyanimportantpositioninJapaneseeconomy.Japaneseagriculturallaborinvestmentisrelativelyhigh,whilethegrainself-sufficiencyrateisrelativelylow.SodomesticfirmoperatedagricultureexpandingintoJapanisnotagoodidea.IronandsteelindustryisJapan'skeyinvestmentsector,thepaceofdevelopmentisfasterthanthemajorsteelproducingcountriesinEuropeandAmericawhichisadversefordomesticironandsteelfirmtoexpand.Inprecisioninstruments,Japanhasdominatestatus.Itischallengeandopportunity.Ifdomesticfirmproducemorepreciseproduct,thefirmwillgetvastadvantageforexpanding.
Toestablishpoliticalriskassessmentandearlywarningmechanismismethodtoreducecommercialrisk.Companycantakeavarietyofmethodstopredictthepoliticalrisksfromthetargetcountry,suchassystematicresearch,mathematicalmodelanalysis.However,Chineseauthoritiesnotificationsystemisstillverybackwardandtheconcentrationofpoliticalriskislow.Inthisconsequence,domesticfirmcanaskforworld-famousconsultingcompanysuchasRANDearly,andinfuture,therelevantdepartmentsofChinashouldactivelyintegrateallaspectsofthedata,toestablisharelativelyauthoritativeandcomprehensiveriskassessmentdatabase,sothatdomesticfirmreduceexpendituresaboutseekingthird-partyevaluation,andpromotethehealthydevelopmentofoverseasinvestment.
Q3
DescribeanapproachthatcouldbeadoptedbyaninternationalbusinessoperatinginJapantoreducecommercialriskfromcultureissues
Cultureissueincludeslanguage,education,socialstructure,religionetc.Religion-sharedbeliefsandritualsthatareconcernedwiththerealmofthesacred.MostJapanesebelieveinbothShintoandBuddhism,somestillbelieveinavarietyofreligionsandamongbelievers96%believeinShinto,76%ofBuddhism,Christianityaccountedfor1.4%,theother12%.Formaleducationisthemediumthroughwhichindividualslearnmanyofthelanguage,conceptual,andmathematicalskillsthatareindispensableinamodernsociety,forexampleJapan’spostwarsuccesscanbelinkedtoitsexcellenteducationsystem.Japaneseattachgreatimportancetocourtesy,atypicalJapaneseisaintrovertedpersonwithhighself-esteem.Punctualityandphysicalappearanceareveryimportantforbusinessnegotiation.Theypaygreatattentiontopersonalrelationship,willingtodobusinesswithacquaintances,theJapaneselikered,white,blue,orange,yellowandothercolors,considergreen,darkgray,purpleandblacknegative.
Themostcommonapproachtoreducecommercialriskfromculturalissuesinenterpriseisinterculturallearning.Italsoiseffectivemethodtoavoidculturalriskforcompanyexpandingintooverseas.Interculturallearningisanareaofresearch,studyandapplicationofknowledgeaboutdifferentcultures,theirdifferencesandsimilarities.Theinterculturallearningincludes,languagetraining,theknowledgeandunderstandingofJapaneseculture,adaptingJapaneseculture,theabilitytodealwithconflictorsensitivequestionandunderstandingthedifferentbetweentheirmanagementcondition.Interculturallearningcannotonlyavoidcommercialriskfromculturalissues,butalsoimprovingoperationalefficiency,promotingcommunication,enhancingtheabilitytosurviveabroadofenterprise.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- HND 地理 outcome2