高三英语第一次模拟考试试题.docx
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高三英语第一次模拟考试试题.docx
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高三英语第一次模拟考试试题
高三英语第一次模拟考试
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Doyouknowthetoysbelow?
Theywereonceamongthemostpopulartoys.
1960—EtchASketch
FrenchelectricianAndreCassagneshadtheideaofadrawingtoywithajoystick,aglassscreen,andaluminum(铝)powder.Usingthatidea,theOhioArtCo.launched(推出)theMagicScreenin1960,andyoucoulderasethepicturewithashakeofyourhands.Youcanstillfindthetoytoday.
1964—SuperBall
Whathappenswhenyouaccidentallycreateaplasticballthatjumps?
Thetoycompany,Wham-OInc.,buysyourideaanditendsupsellingmillions.That’sexactlywhathappenedtoNormanStingley,achemicalengineerwhocameuponSuperBall.Atonetime,Wham-Ohadtoproduceover170,000ballsadaytokeepupwiththedemand.Unbelievably,theNationalFootballGamenamedtheSuperBowlgame(awell-knownAmericanfootballgame)afterthisjumpingball.
1964—G.I.Joe
In1964,HasbrotoycompanycreatedG.I.Joe,alineofactionfiguresdesignedtorepresentthe4branchesoftheUSArmedForces—ActionSoldier(Army),ActionSailor(Navy),ActionPilot(AirForce),andtheActionMarine(MarineCorps).G.I.Joewasimaginedasanexcellentmilitaryunitdevotedtodefendingcitizens’freedomagainsttheevilpersons.Ithasattractedtheimaginationofboysaroundtheworld.
1965—Operation
Anunsteadyhandisyourdownfall(败落的原因)inthegameofOperation,whichwasinventedbyJohnSpinello,astudentattheUniversityofIllinois.Later,Spinellosoldhisrighttothetoytoawell-knowntoydesignerMarvinGlassforasumof$500.OperationiscurrentlymadebyHasbro,withestimatedsalesof$40million.
1.Whichtoyhasarelationshipwiththesportsevent?
A.EtchASketch.B.SuperBall.
C.G.I.Joe.D.Operation.
2.WhoprobablyaremostinterestedinG.I.Joe?
A.Thosefondofarts.
B.Thosefondofconstruction.
C.Thosefondofbravesoldiers.
D.Thosefondofkinddoctors.
3.IfyouwanttoplaywithOperationsuccessfully,youshould__________.
A.keepyourhandstable
B.havebetterteamwork
C.getNormanStingley’sguidance
D.haveajoystickandaglassscreen
B
Attentionmanagers:
thenexttimeyouneedtoinspireyourteamcreatively,bemoreattentivetoyouremployees’feelingswhenyoudelivernegativefeedback(反绩).
Kim,whoworkedasasoftwareengineerforSamsungaftergraduationfromcollege,isfamiliarwithhavinghiscreativeworkpickedapart.“IpersonallyhatehearingnegativefeedbackasmostpeopledoandIwonderedifitreallyimprovedmyperformance,particularlywhenitcametocompletingcreativetasks.”Intwostudies,Kimfoundthatnegativefeedbackcanhelporpreventcreativity.Whatismostimportantiswherethecriticism(批评)comesfrom.
Whencreativeprofessionalsorparticipantsreceivedcriticismfromabossorapeer,theytendedtobelesscreativeintheirlaterwork.Interestingly,ifapersonreceivednegativefeedbackfromanemployeeoflowerrank,theybecamemorecreative.
Itmakessensethatemployeesmightfeelthreatenedbycriticismfromtheirmanagers.Supervisors(监督员;管理者)havealotofpowerindecidingpromotionsorpayraises.Sonegativefeedbackfromabossmi运itcausecareer(职业)anxiety.Italsostandstoreasonthatfeedbackfromaco-workermightalsobereceivedasthreatening.Weoftencompetewithourpeersforthesamepromotionsandchances.
WhatKimfoundmostsurprisingwashowcriticismprovedtoimprovesupervisorsthroughlessonslearnedfromnegativefeedbackthatcamefromtheirfollowers(employeesthattheymanage).
“Butwetendtobelieveweshouldn’tcriticizetheboss,”saysKim.“Inreality,mostsupervisorsdon’tdetestnegativefeedbacksincetheywanttolearnfromit.Anotherreasonisthattheyareinanaturalpowerpositionandcandealwiththediscomfortofnegativefeedbackbetter.”
Asforgivingsuggestionstoemployees,bossesshouldpointoutafollower’spoorperformanceorweakpointsintime.Buttheyshouldkeeptheirfeedbackspecifictotasks.Explainhowthepointthey’rediscussingrelatestoonlytheirtaskbehavior,nottoaspectsoftheperson.Meanwhile,feedbackreceiversneedtoworrylesswhenitcomestoreceivingcriticism.
4.What’sthemotivationbehindKim’sstudy?
A.Toworkonhisessaysforgraduation.
B.Tohaveabetterknowledgeofcriticism.
C.Tocallforunderstandingbetweenworkers.
D.Toencourageacultureofcriticismintheworkplace.
5.What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?
A.Whattypicalpowersupervisorspossess.
B.Whatfeedbackcancausecareeranxieties.
C.Howworkerscanhaveagoodimpressiononbosses.
D.Whycertaincriticismharmsaperson’sperformance.
6.WhatamazedKimmostlyinthestudy?
A.Somepeopleenjoynegativefeedback.
B.Employeesarebravetocriticizetheboss.
CFollowers’criticismmaybenefitmanagers.
D.Manybossessometimesstruggleintheirwork.
7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detest”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?
A.Hate.B.Understand.C.Discuss.D.Provide.
C
Recentlyaccordingtoanewresearch,humanshavehadalinktostarches(含淀粉的食物)forupto120,000years—that’smorethan100,000yearslongerthanwe’vebeenabletoplanttheminthesoilduringthetimeoftheIceAge’sdrawingtoanend.TheresearchispartofanongoingstudyintothehistoryofMiddleStoneAgecommunities.
AninternationalteamofscientistsidentifiedevidenceofprehistoricstarchconsumptionintheKlasiesRiverCave,inpresent-daySouthAfrica.Analyzingsmall,ashy,undisturbedhearths(壁炉)insidethecave,there-searchersfound“piecesofburnedstarches”rangingfromaround120,000to65,000yearsold.Itmadethemtheoldestknownexamplesofstarcheseatenbyhumans.
Thefindingsdonotcomeasacompletesurprise—butratheraswelcomeconfirmationofoldertheoriesthatlackedtherelatedevidence.TheleadauthorCynthiaLarbeysaidthattherehadpreviouslyonlybeengenetic(基因的)biologicalevidencetosuggestthathumanshadbeeneatingstarchforthislong.Thisnewevidence,however,takesusdirectlytothedinnertable,andsupportsthepreviousassumptionthathumans,digestiongenesgraduallyevolvedinordertofitintoanincreaseddigestionofstarch.
Co-authorSarahWurzsaid,“ThestarchremainsshowthattheseearlyhumanslivingintheKlasiesRiverCavecouldbattleagainsttheirtoughenvironmentandfindsuitablefoodsandperhapsmedicines.Andasmuchasweallstilldesirethetubers(块茎),thesecavecommunitiesweregrillingstarchessuchaspotatoesontheirfoot-longhearths.Theyknewhowtobalancetheirdietsaswellastheycould,withfatsfromlocalfishandotheranimals.”
Asearlyasthe1990s,someresearchersstartedtostudythehearthsintheKlasiesRiverCave.ScientistHilaryDeaconfirstsuggestedthatthesehearthscontainedburnedplants.Atthetime,thepropermethodsofexaminingtheremainswerenotyetavailable.Wenowknowhumanbeingshavealwaysbeensearchingfortheirdesiredthings.
8.Whendidhumansbegintofarmstarches?
A.AftertheIceAge.
B.AftertheMiddleStoneAge.
C.About20,000yearsago.
D.About100,000yearsago.
9.Accordingtothescientists,remainsintheKlasiesRiverCaveshowthat
A.SouthAfricaoncehadrichsoiltogrowcrops
B.hearthswerewidespreadinearlyhumanhistory
C.earlyhumanspossiblydroveawayanimalsbyfire
D.settlerstheremighthaveusedfiretocookstarches
10.Whatwasthepreviousassumptionofstarches?
A.Starchdietpromotedfoodculture.
B.Starchdietshapedhumans’evolution.
C.Starcheshadavarietyoffunctions.
D.Starchesofferedhumansrichnutrition.
11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheearlyhumansdescribedbySarahWurz?
A.Theyweresmartandtough.
B.Theypreferredplantstomeat.
C.Theyweregenerallyveryhealthy.
D.Theygotalongwitheachother.
D
Everyoneknowsthattohelplessentheongoingclimatecrisis,weneedtoplantnewtrees.ApaperrecentlypublishedinSciencepredictsthatourEarthcouldsupportanadditional9,000,000sqkmofforest,potentiallyhosting500billiontreesthatareabletoabsorbmorethan200billiontonnesofC〇2.Itwouldbeaserioushelp.
TheEarth’slandis149,000,000sqkm.Accordingtoourstudy,whenwetakeoutglaciers(冰川)anddeserts,weareleftwith104,000,000sqkm.Whenwefurthertakeoutcities,freshwater,forests,etc.,wefinallyget51,000,000sqkmofarable(适于耕种的)landbadlyneededtofeed7.5billionhumanbeings.
Veryfewpeopleareawareofthegreatcomplexityofthewholesystem.“Widespreaduseatthescaleofmillionsofsquarekilometersgloballyoftree-plantingandbioenergycrops(用于制造生物能源的农作物)planting,”readsanIPCCreport,ucouldhavepotentiallybadconsequencesforfoodsecurityandlanddegradation(退化).”Inotherwords,morewidespreadmonoculture(单一栽培)andmorebioenergycropscoulddegradesoil.
Bioenergynowhasa50percentshareoftheworld’srenewableenergyconsumption,accordingtoexpertFatihBirol’swords:
“asmuchaswind,solarandallotherscombined”.It’sgoodnews,butnotentirely.Onereasonisthatrisingoceanlevelsanddesertsspreadingaretakingawaymorearableland.Sowearriveatatoughchoice.Shouldweuseoursparesoilforagriculture,reforestationorbioenergy?
Firstly,whenplanningtouselotsofsparelandtogrowtrees,weshouldnoticethatlastyear,36,000sqkmofforestwascutdown.Sowouldn’titbebettertostartbystoppingcuttingdownforestsaltogether?
Besides,animalfarmingtakesup77percentoftheworld’sarablelandandprovidesuswith18percentofthecalories.Shouldn’twegloballycutbackonmeatconsumption?
Lastly,modembioenergy,whichismadefromnon-food-crops,isa
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- 英语 第一次 模拟考试 试题