Unit3Computer教案人教版必修2.docx
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Unit3Computer教案人教版必修2.docx
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Unit3Computer教案人教版必修2
Unit3Computer教案(人教版必修2)
TeachingAims
Totalkaboutcomputer
Toreadaboutcomputer
Procedures
I.Warmingup
Warmingupbytalkingaboutcomputer
Lookatthepicturesonpage17.Whatarethey?
Whatdotheyhaveincommon?
Yes,theyarecomputers.Thenwhatisacomputer?
Acomputerisamachinewhichstoresknowledgeinitsmemoryanddoescalculationsonthatknowledge.Thisknowledgeisstoredinsymbols;itiscalleddata.Acomputerusuallyhasamonitortoshowresults.However,somecomputerscanspeak;thesecomputerscanbeusedforvoicemail.
计算机室
Acomputerfrequentlyrequiresabootdevice.Thebootdevicecontainsthecomputer’soperatingsystemanddata.Computerprogramscanbeinstalledontoacomputer.SomepeoplethinkthatcomputersarelessusefuliftheydonothaveaccesstotheInternet.TheythinkthisbecausetheInternetallowsthecomputerstosendandreceivedataandemailacrosstheworld.
曙光3000巨型计算机
Acomputerisnowalmostalwaysanelectronicdevice.Itusuallycontainsmaterialswhicharetoxic;thesematerialswillbecometoxicwastewhendisposedof.Whenanewcomputerispurchasedinsomeplaces,lawsrequirethatthecostofitswastemanagementmustalsobepaidfor.Thisiscalledproductstewardship.
Insomecountriesoldcomputersarerecycled(melteddown)togetgoldandothermetals.Thisisdangerous,becausethisprocedurereleasesthetoxicwasteintothewaterandsoil.
Computersbecomeobsoletequickly.Veryoftentheyaregivenawayandnewonesreplacethemwithintwoorthreeyears.Thismakestheproblemworse.Computerrecyclingisthuscommon.Manyprojectstrytosendworkingcomputerstodevelopingnationssotheycanbere-usedandwillnotbecomewasteasquickly.
Computerjargon计算机行话
Computerjargonmeanswordstodowithcomputersandsurroundingtopics.Knowingwhatthesewordsmeancanhelpyouknowmoreaboutcomputers.Somepeopleusethesewordstoimpressotherpeople(Alsoknownasbuzzwords).
Examplesofjargon:
Bit-Thesmallestdataunit,caneitherbea“0.”ora“1.”.
Byte-unitofdata.SeealsoKilobyte,Megabyte,GigabyteandNibble
CPU–CentralProcessingUnit,Anothernameforprocessor
Data-Informationstoredonacomputer
Disk-Aplacetostoredata.
Email-Electronicmail.
GHz-Gigahertz.Usedoftenincorrectlytodescribethespeedofaprocessor.Butwithsome2.4GHzprocessorsfasterthan3.6GHzones,itisclearthatitisjustasalesmantrick.
Load-Getdatafromadisk
Nibble-HalfaByte
Save-Putdataonadisk
RAM–random-accessmemory(随机存取存储器),themorethebetter.
USB-UniversalSerialBus(通用串行总线,一种简化了插接多种附件的薄型插座)
WWW-WorldWideWeb,partoftheInternet
II.Pre-reading
1.QuestioningandansweringWhatdoyouknowaboutcomputer?
●Electronicmachinecapableofperformingcalculationsandothermanipulationsofvarioustypesofdata,underthecontrolofastoredsetofinstructions.Themachineitselfisthehardware;theinstructionsaretheprogramorsoftware.Dependinguponsize,computersarecalledmainframes,minicomputers,andmicrocomputers.Microcomputersincludedesk-topandportablepersonalcomputers.
●Amulti-functionelectronicdevicethatcanexecuteinstructionstoperformatask.
●Adevicethatacceptsinformation,processesit,andsuppliesanoutput.Acomputerusuallycontainsmemory,acontrolunit,arithmeticandlogicalunits,andameansforinputandoutput.
●aprogrammablehardwarecomponentthatiscontrolledbyinternallystoredprogramsandthatcanperformsubstantialcomputations(includingarithmeticandlogicoperations)withouthumanintervention.Acomputertypicallyconsistsofoneormoreprocessingunits,memoryunits,andassociatedperipheralinputandoutputdevices.
●Relatedtoautomationandelectronicdataprocessing.TheLibraryofCongresscommonlyclassesmostcomputer-relatedbooksinHF5548,QA75-76,Z52,T385,andsomeTKranges.
●amachineforperformingcalculationsautomatically
calculator:
anexpertatcalculation(oratoperatingcalculatingmachines)
●Acomputerisadeviceormachineformakingcalculationsorcontrollingoperationsthatareexpressibleinnumericalorlogicalterms.Computersareconstructedfromcomponentsthatperformsimplewell-definedfunctions.Thecomplexinteractionsofthesecomponentsendowcomputerswiththeabilitytoprocessinformation.Ifcorrectlyconfigured(usuallyby,programming)acomputercanbemadetorepresentsomeaspectofaproblemorpartofasystem.Ifacomputerconfiguredinthiswayisgive
2.DiscussingandsharingHowhavecomputerschangedourlives?
Somedaysoon,ifyouhaven’talready,you’relikelytoplugintothecomputernetworknationgrowinginourmidst.Computerterminals,orsmallcomputersconnectedviamodem(amodulator/demodulatorcircuitforencoding/decodingcomputerchatter)toordinarytelephonelines,shouldbeasubiquitousasthetelephoneitself.They’reamuchmoreusefulandhumanetoolthanthephone,andwithcorporateAmericabehindthemthenetworkswillbeeverywhere----changingourlivesmorethananytechnologysincetheautomobile.
Joiningacomputernetworkisthesameasjoiningacommunity.Smallsystemsarelikevillages,wherenewmembersareformallywelcomed.Thelargernetworks,theSourceandCompuServe,forexample,arecities-anonymous,fulloflifeandevents,butdifficulttofitinto.
III.Reading
1.ListeningandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?
Turntopage18andlistenandreadtotherecordingofthetext.Payattentiontothepauses,pronunciationandintonationofthenativereader.
2.Readingaloudandunderliningexpressions
Nowwearetoreadthetextonceagainandunderlinealltheexpressionsinthetext.Putthemdownintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.
CollocationsfromWHOAMI?
beginas…,acalculatingmachine,bebuiltas…,atthattime,atechnologicalrevolution,thestartofartificialintelligence,writeabook,bemadetowork,solveproblems,fromthenon,growanylarger,Astimewentby,gobackto…,bemadesmaller,memorybecamesolarge,standtherebyoneself,beconnectedby…,shareknowledgewithothersthrough…,beputinto…,providehumanswith…,dealwith…,trulyfilledwith…
3.Reading,identifyingandsettling
Attention,please!
Itistimetoskimthetextonemoretimeandidentifythedifficultsentences.Tryanalyzingthestructuresofthedifficultsentencesanddiscussthemamongyourgroupmembers.Youmayalsoputyourquestionstomeforhelp.
Chat(online)(在线)聊天
Tochatistotalkaboutordinarythingsthatarenotveryimportant.Youcanchattoonepersonortomanypeople.PeoplealsousethiswordnowforpartsoftheInternetwherewecantalkwithmanydifferentpeopleatthesametime.Usually,youchatontheinternetinachatroomormessagingservicelikeAOL(AmericanOn-Line)InstantMessenger(AIM),YahooMessenger,orMSNMessenger.
IV.Comprehending
1.Scanthetextforinformationtocompletethetablebelow,describingthedevelopmentofcomputer.
In1642
Thecomputerbeganasacalculatingmachine.
In1822
TheanalyticalmachinewasmadebyCharlesBabbage.
In1936
Thecomputergrewrapidlybothinsizeand
inbrainpower.
1940s
Thecomputerhadgrownaslargeasaroom.
In1960s
Thefirstfamilyofcomputerwasconnectedtoeachother.
In1970s
Computerswereusedinofficesandhomes.
Now
Computersconnectpeopleallovertheworld
Together.
2.Readthetextagainandcompletethechartbelow.
Paragraph1
Paragraph2
Paragraph3
Topicsentence
OvertimeIhave
beenchangedquite
alot.
Thesechangesonly
becamepossible
asmymemory
improved.
Sincethe1970s
manynewapplications
havebeenfoundforme.
Supportingdetails
●Calculatingmachine
●Analyticalmachine
●Universalmachine
●PC
●laptop
●tubes
●transistors
●chips
●network
●worldwideweb
●communications
●finance
●trade
●robots
●mobilephones
●spacerockets
●providingalifeof
highquality
Period2:
LearningaboutLanguage
TeachingAims:
TolearntouseThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice
Todiscoverusefulwordsandexpression
Todiscoverusefulstructures
Procedures
I.Warmingupbyreadingtothetape
Tobeginwith,turntopage18,listeningtoandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?
Attentiongoestothepausesandintonation,aswellasthepronunciationofthereader.
II.Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions
Inpairsdotheexercises1,2and3onpages20.Youmustfinishthemin10minutes.
III.Learningaboutgrammar
1.PassiveVoice—Overview
TenseorModel
PassiveSentence
SimplePresent
TheTOEFLexamisgiveneverysixmonths.
Simplepast
TheTOEFLexamwasgivenlastmonth.
SimpleFuture
TheTOEFLexamthisyearwillbegivenonOctober15.
PresentContinuous
TheTOEFLexamisbeinggiveneveryyear.
Presentperfect
TheTOEFLexamhasbeengiveneveryyearsince1950.
Pastperfect
TheTOEFLexamhadbeengivenbeforetheVietnamWaroccurred.
SimpleModal
TheTOEFLexamshouldbegiventoeveryForeignstudent.
PastModal
TheTOEFLexamshouldhavebeengiventoalltoenterUScolleges.
2.ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice
ThestructureofThePresentPerfectPassiveVoiceis:
have/has+been+~ed
IV.Readingaloudanddiscovering
Nowgobacktopage18toreadaloudanddiscoverinthetextexamplesofThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice.
…asalaptop,Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.
Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.
V.Discoveringusefulstructure
Weshalldogrammarexercises1,2and3onpage21.
VI.Closingdownbydoingaquiz
Correctthemistakesinthesep
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