郑秋鹭LAW17068.docx
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郑秋鹭LAW17068
AnalysisofCatherine'sDoublePersonality
LAW17068郑秋鹭
【Abstract】WutheringHeightswaswrittenbyBritishwriterEmilyBronte.ThisworkistheonlynovelinherlifethatestablishedherpositioninthehistoryofEnglishliteratureandworldliterature.ThroughthedescriptionofCatherine’sdoublepersonality,thisnovelshowsheruniqueviewofmarriageandloveinVictorianperiodandherself-pursuitoffemaleconsciousness.ThisarticlewillstartwithCatherine'sdoublepersonality,combinedwiththespecialbackgroundofVictorianperiodandfemaleGothiccharacteristics,includingfamily,marriage,social,naturalfactorstoanalyzeCatherine'sdoublepersonalityperformance.
【KeyWords】Catherine;Characterinterpretation;Imageanalysis;Doublepersonality
ChapterOneIntroduction
EmilyBronte’snovelcantravelthroughthetimeandspace,becauseitcontainsloveandhatewhicharetheeternalthemeofhuman.Butasa19thcenturyEnglishliteraryclassic,therelationshipbetweentheprotagonistandheroineinWutheringHeightsisfarmorethanthegenerallove.Thelovemodeandwildernessimagesinthenovelareshownbymeticulousdescriptionofthecharacter’sspiritualworldandthefreenaturalworld,andtheaestheticgraspofthehumannaturehasreachedaconsiderabledepth.
WutheringHeightsisagreatandbizarrebook,andtheheroineinthebook,Catherine,isuniquelyshaped.Heruniqueimagecanbesaidasaclassicinthewholehistoryofliterature.TheauthorEmilyputsforwardaquestiontowomenthroughtheshapingoftheheroineCatherine:
Inthefaceofmoneyandlove,howshouldwomenchoosetogettheirownhappiness?
Catherine,whochosemoney,didnotgotothehallofhappiness.IfCatherinechoselove,gowanderingwithHeathcliff,whocanguaranteethatshewillbehappy?
Bothmaterialandspiritualaspectsareindispensable.Onlywhenwomenmaintainanindependentpersonality,obeythedevelopmentofnature,andfindabalancebetweenmaterialandspiritual,canthemindnotdeviatefromtheorbit.Catherine’stragedyisawarninglightforbothVictorianperiodwomenandwomennoworlater.
ChapterTwoTheCharacterInterpretationofCatherine
Catherinewasborninawealthyupperclassfamily,butnotaluckygirlwhocanhaveahappychildhood.Sincethedeathofherfather,Catherinewasraisedbyherbrother,Hindley,whooftenabusedher.Sheneverfeltalittlewarmthfromherbrother.Sheisoftenpunishedtostandinginthecorner,bannedfromeating,andhastoenduretheinsultsofherbrotherHindley,andsodoesHeathcliff.
CatherineexpressedsympathyforwhathadhappenedtoHeathcliff.TheyunitedtofightagainstthepressureofHindley.Inthestruggle,theyfoundadeepandstrongneedforeachother.HeathclifffellinlovewithCatherine,alively,stubbornandwildgirlwhogavehimunderstandingandfriendship.CatherinealsorealizedthatonlytolivewithhimthoroughlyandtoresistthepressureofHindleycansheobtaintruefreedom,equalityanddignity.TheappearanceofHeathcliffsatisfiedCatherine'sneedtoloveandbeloved.Astheygrewolder,thefriendshipbetweenCatherineandHeathcliffgraduallyturnedintolove,andtheybecamethemostimportantpeopleineachother'shearts.
However,whenCatherinewasexposedtotherealworld,shebecamevain,andsheinevitablypollutedbysecularclassconsciousness.ShelongedfortheloveofHeathcliffandEdgaratthesametime.Butyoucannothaveyourcakeandeatit,whenEdgarinsiststhatshemustmakeachoicebetweenhimandHeathcliff,shecompletelycollapses.Shecanonlydeceiveherselfinanabnormalstateandbecomeaprisonerofherclassandupbringing.ShebelievesthatmarryingHeathcliffwilldegradeherstatusandchooseagentle,elegant,beautifulandwell-matched(insocialstatus)Edgar.Catherinesuccumbedtothesecular,violatedherownnature,betrayedherownemotions,andfellintothenetsheknittedherself,andstruggledtodeath.
ChapterThreeCatherine’sComplicatedCharacters
3.1Catherineinprimitivenature
3.1.1Akindandinnocentgirl
NomatterhowcomplexandelusiveCatherine’scharacteris,kindnessandinnocencearethemostessentialandprimitiveaspectsofhercharacter.Althoughsheisstubbornandrebellious,but“shemeantnoharm,whenonceshemadeyoucry,itseldomhappenedthatshewouldnotkeepyourcompany”.WhenHeathclifflockedupbyHindley,shecaneatnothing,“hercheeksflushed,andthetearsgushedoverthem”.Catherine,asachild,livedinaprimitiveandclosedworld,whatweseeisthebeautyofhernaturalnature.AftershemarriedintoThrushcrossGrange,hernatureseemedtobeflooded,butitdidn’tdisappear.ShetriedtoawakeIsabellafromherstupiddreams,andsternlydissuadedHeathcliff,hopingshecanstopthistragedyfrombeginning.Theseriesofactionsshemadewerenotoutofselfishness,butfromthekindnessandsympathydeepinhersoul.
3.1.2Afreeandunrestrainedgirl
FreedomandpassionarethebiggestshiningpointsinCatherine.Althoughsheistheladyofthemanor,Catherinesetasidethereligiousservicesandrefusedtoliveliketheladiesoftheupperclass.Thebookdescribeher:
“Catherinewasachild,wickedgirlinthosedays.Wehadtowatchhereverymomentoftheday,tostopherplayinghertricksonus.Shewasproud,andlikedgivingorders.Butshehadtheprettiestfaceandthesweetestsimileyou’veeverseen.Icouldforgiveheranythingwhenshecametosayshewassorry”.Indulgencemadeherbecameawildness,playfulnessandfreedomgirl.BeforeenteringtheThrushcrossGrange,theblockingWutheringHeightsisolatedherfromthetemptingworld,allowingherfreeandunrestrainednaturetogetthebestdevelopment.Butaftersheentered,hernaturewassuppressed,butitwasnotuntilshediedthatshefoundthattheWutheringHeightswastheparadiseshewanted.
3.2Catherineintherealmaterialworld
3.2.1Pursuefameandfortuneandsocialstatus
Humanneedshavefivelevels,physiology,safety,love,respectandself-realization.Whenoneneedissatisfied,thedesirefortheothercomeswithit.ForCatherine,thephysicalandsafetyneedshavebeenmetasaladyofmanor,andtheneedforlovehasalsobeenobtainedfromHeathcliffandEdgar.Thus,thedesiretoberespectedarises.Shehopestoreceivehighpraisefromothersandthesocietyandgainacertainreputation.Inhereyes,toberespectedistohavemoneyandstatus.WhenshegobackfromThrushcrossGrange,thetomboytransformedbyglamourslifeandpraises.Shewasdressedbeautifullyandbehavedgracefully,whichisinstarkcontrasttothemessyHeathcliff.InThrushcrossGrange,shewasdeeplyattractedbythebourgeoiscultureandtheupperclasslife.Hervaluehasagreatchangeatthetime.Shewantstochangeherbehaviorandmakeherselflookgentle,butshedoesn’tknowthatherwildnaturehasgonedeepinherbonesanditcan’tbecleared.So,shedistortherself,pretendtobeanelegantladytotheoutsiders,andexposedherwildanddisobedientsidesattheWutheringHeights.
3.2.2TheemptinessandlonelinessofCatherine’sspiritualworld
Inchildhood,Catherinehadsometemperamentsthatotherchildrendon’thave,andshe’snotlikeable.Herfatherlosthispatiencewithher,herbrotherhasadistancefromher,Josephcalledherthedevil,itwasn’tuntilHeathcliffshowedupthatCatherinefoundherbosomfriend.Butthehappytimedidn’tlastlong,aftershemarriedEdgar,Heathcliffwasdisappearedfromherlife,she’sbacktoloneliness.Therefore,shecanonlyreleaseherlonelinessanddepressioninamorerude,morearrogantway.Itwastheperformanceofherextremelyemptyheart.Shebetrayedherfeelings,marriedamanthatshedidn’treallylove,shecan’tgetrealhappiness.That’swhyshewassohappywhenHeathcliffappearedagaininherlife.
ChapterFourTheImpactofDoublePersonality
ThrushcrossGrangeisanaccidentalopportunitytobreakherthoughtsandlifeintoanotherworld.Itisalsoanimportantbeginningforherself-lostandschizophrenia.ThebooksaysthatsheandHeathcliffaccidentallybrokeintotheThrushcrossGrange,andwhentheycuriouslysmashedthroughthelivingroomwindow,theysawanextremelybrilliantplace,asbeautifulasheaven.ThiscasualglancecausedasmalltremorinCatherine'sthoughts.SuchabeautifulandcivilizedThrushcrossGrangeformsahugecontrastwiththewildandprimitiveWutheringHeights.SoCatherine'sheartbegantotendtowardamorecivilizedandelegantworld.TheThrushcrossGrangeseemstohaveallthegoodthingsthatcansatisfyhervanity,likesocialstatus,acomfortableandwarmlifestyle,andaculturedandgentlehusband.ItwasallthatHeathcliff,whowasonlyaslave,couldnotprovidetoher.
Thefateofapersonisoftendeterminedbythedevelopmentanddirectionofhischaracter.Inthefaceofcountlessforks,aninadvertentchoicecandeterminethefateofalifetime,justlikeCatherine,whochooseEdgarratherthanHeathcliff.SinceshemetEdgarandagreewithhisworld,She’senduringthepainoftearingthesoulallthetime.Let’slookatherinitialperformanceatEdgar’shome:
“Shehadnotemptationtoshowherroughsideinhercompany,andhadthesensetobeashamedofbeingrudewheresheexperiencedsuchinvariablecourtesy,sheimposedunwittinglyontheoldladyandgentlemen,byheringeniouscordiality,”andsheconqueredEdgar’sheart,whickmadeherproud.Inthefaceofsecularcivilization,Catherinesuppressedherpersonalityandtriedtomakeherselfaladywhomeetstherequirementsoftheupperclass.However,inhernature,sheisawildperson,whichmadeheradoublepersonality.ThelifeinThrushcrossGrangemadeCatherinel
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