最新冀教版六年级英语下册复习资料.docx
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最新冀教版六年级英语下册复习资料.docx
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最新冀教版六年级英语下册复习资料
(三)、词语的分类整理与复习
1.水果类fruits:
apple orange banana pear peachmelon grape strawberry…
2.动物类animals:
dog pig cow horse elephantduck goose chicken birds fishrabbit tiger lion sheep goatbear dragon snake …
3.颜色类colors:
red yellow blue green purpleblack white pink brown blondgray orange …
4.服装类clothes:
coat pants sweater scarf bootsshoes socks vest T-shirt shirtshorts sandals slippers dress skirtblouse jeans runners jacket pyjamas
5.人体各部位名称partsofbody:
head hair eye ear facemouth tooth tongue neck shouldershand arm elbow finger stomachleg knee foot toe …
6.天气类weather:
hot cold warm cool sunny rainy cloudy windy snowysun rain cloud wind snowfog …
7.运动项目类sports:
basketball badminton ping-pongsoccer football tabletennis
8.季节类seasons:
spring summer fall/autumn winter
9.食物类food:
breakfast lunch supper snacksbread cake hotdog Frenchfrieshamburger noodles rice dumplingssoup chicken fish meatbeef peas cabbage onions donuts carrots …
10日常用品类:
dish brush comb box closet mirror bowl spoon chopsticks table pen pencil ruler eraser rubber bag book desk chair blackboard chalk note-book homework exercise door window stairs floor …
11.常用动作类:
walk run jump throw hit say speak smile laugh cry skip swim splash sit stand write sing draw …
12.星期:
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
13.一年中的12个月:
January February March April May JuneJuly August SeptemberOctober November December
名词的单数与复数
英语的名词分可数名词和不可数名词。
在具体的语言环境里,可数名词都有单复数之分。
1.一般名词复数构成时,在词尾加-s;例如 book---books pen—pens…
2.以-s\-x\-ch\-sh结尾的单词复数构成时,在词尾加-es;例如box—boxes bus—buses
3.以辅音字母加-y结尾的单词,要变y为i再加-es; country----countries baby—babiesboy------boys key-----keys
4.部分名词复数特殊变形;man------men woman—women child------children foot-------feet tooth------teeth leaf--------leaves knife-------knives people—peoplesheep----sheep fish------fish
(二)形容词的比较级
(三)动词的过去式:
规则动词:
worked,learned,cleaned,visited
不规则动词:
sing–sang, eat–ate, see–saw, have–had, do–did, go–went, take–took, buy–bought,teach-taught,think-thought,bring—brought, get–got, read–read,fly–flew, am/is–was, are–were, say–said, leave–left, swim–swam, tell–told, draw–drew, come–came, lose–lost, win-won,find–found, drink–drank, hurt–hurt , feel–felt
(四)完全、缩略形式:
I’m=Iam he’s=heis she’s=sheis they’re=theyare you’re=youare there’s=thereis they’re=theyare can’t=cannot don’t=donot doesn’t=doesnot isn’t=isnot aren’t=arenot let’s=letus won’t=willnot I’ll=Iwill wasn’t=wasnot 总结:
通常情况下,'m即am,'s即is(但let’s=letus),'re即are ,n't即not (但can’t=cannot)
(五)句子
1、肯定句:
是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:
I’mastudent. Sheisadoctor. Heworksinahospital. Therearefourfansinourclassroom.I’mgoingtobuyacomicbooktonight.Hewilleatlunchat12:
00.
I’mreadingabook. Theyareswimming.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.
2、 否定句:
含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:
I’mnotastudent. Sheisnot(isn’t)adoctor. Hedoesnot(doesn’t)workinahospital.Therearenotfourfansinourclassroom.
I’mnotgoingtobuyacomicbooktonight.Hewillnot(won’t)eatlunchat12:
00.I’mnotreadingabook. Theyarenot(aren’t)swimming.Ididnot(didn’t)watchTVyesterdayevening.
☆注意☆小结:
否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。
有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但amnot一般都分开写。
没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t,doesn’t,didn’t)。
这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”。
3、一般疑问句:
是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。
如:
Areyouastudent?
Yes,Iam/No,I’mnot. Issheadoctor?
Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t. Doesheworkinahospital?
Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t. Aretherefourfansinourclassroom?
Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.Areyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonight?
Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.(Yes,weare./No,wearen’t.)
Willheeatlunchat12:
00?
Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot(won’t).Areyoureadingabook?
Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Aretheyswimming?
Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.DidyouwatchTVyesterdayevening?
Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.
☆注意☆小结:
一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”。
一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句:
以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子。
此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes、no”来回答。
如:
Whatisthis?
It’sacomputer.Whatdoeshedo?
He’sadoctor.Whereareyougoing?
I’mgoingtoBeijing.Whoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoon?
Mike.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?
Summer.
Whendoyouusuallygetup?
Iusuallygetupat6:
30.Whoseskirtisthis?
It’sAmy’s.Whydoyoulikespringbest?
BecauseIcanplanttrees.Howareyou?
I’mfine./I’mhappy.HowdidyougotoXinjiang?
IwenttoXinjiangbytrain.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:
howmany(多少(数量)), howmuch(多少(钱)),howtall(多高),howlong(多长), howbig(多大), howheavy(多重)
例句:
Howmanypencilsdoyouhave?
Ihavethreepencils.Howmanygirlscanyousee?
Icanseefourgirls.Howmanydesksarethereinyourclassroom?
Thereare51.
☆小结:
howmany用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,
Howmany+名词复数+doyouhave?
你有多少……?
Howmany+名词复数+canyousee?
你能看见多少……?
Howmany+名词复数+arethere…?
有多少……
☆时态☆
小学阶段一共学了四种时态,分别是:
一般现在时,一般将来时,现在进行时,一般过去时。
下面我们一一进行总结。
1、 一般现在时
A、表示不受时限的客观存在
如:
Heisaboy. Sheisastudent. Mymotherisanurse.
Thisisadog. Ihaveastory-book.
B、表示现在的习惯动作,即指现在经常发生的动作,一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。
它常与表示程度或频度的词连用,如:
often(经常),usually(通常,一般),sometimes(有时),always(总是,一直),never(从不)
如:
Ioftengotoschoolonfoot. Myfatherworksinaschool.
MikewatchesTVeveryday.
Iusuallyplaycomputergamesontheweekend.
C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作
如:
Howareyou?
Youlookhappy.
What’sthematterwithyou?
Ihaveaheadache.
Whatdoyouhaveforlunch?
Ihavesomechicken.
☆注意☆ 英语动词的现在时与原形同形。
但当主语是第三人称单数时,须在词尾加-s或-es。
例如:
Ihaveafishfordinner. Hermotherworksinahospital.
Amyoftengoestoschoolbybike. Mr.LiuteachesusEnglish.
加-es的动词必须是以“sh,ch,o”等字母结尾的。
如:
watches,teaches,goes,washes
2、 一般将来时
表示在将来会发生的事或动作。
它常与表示将来的时间连用,如:
tomorrow,nextweek,nextyear,thismorning,thisafternoon,thisevening等。
☆注意☆ 一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构:
①begoingto+动词的原形/地点 ②will+动词的原形
例句:
I’mgoingtogoshoppingthisafternoon.
SheisgoingtoHongKongnextweek.
Youwillseemanybirdsinthesky.
3、 现在进行时
表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。
☆注意☆它的构成是:
be的现在时形式(am,is,are)加动词的ing形式。
如:
Whatareyoudoing?
I’mwritingaletter.
Whataretheydoing?
They’reswimmingIsheplayingchess?
Yes,heis.Look,AmyisreadinganEnglishbook.
☆注意☆动词的ing形式的构成规则:
① 一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating
②以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having,writing
③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:
running,swimming,sitting,getting
4、一般过去时
主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态,也可表示过去的习惯动作。
它与现在时间不发生关系,它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。
它经常与表示过去的时间连用。
如:
Iwenttoaparkyesterday. IreadabooklastnightIwatchedTVyesterdayevening.Iwentonabigtriplastweekend. IfailedmyChinesetest.
☆注意☆ 一般过去时主要体现在动词的形式要用过去式,动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A、规则动词① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed ;如 worked,learned,cleaned,visited
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d ;如 lived,danced,used
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed (此类动词较少)如 study–studiedcarry–carried worry–worried(play、stay除外)
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped
B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:
不规则动词:
sing–sang, eat–ate, see–saw, have–had, do–did, go–went, take–took, buy–bought,teach-taught,think-thought,bring—brought, get–got, read–read,fly–flew, am/is–was, are–were, say–said, leave–left, swim–swam, tell–told, draw–drew, come–came, lose–lost, win-won,find–found, drink–drank, hurt–hurt , feel–felt
人称代词(主格)人称代词(宾格)形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词
Imemymine
youyouyouryours
hehimhishis
shesheherhers
itititsits
weusourours
youyouyouryours
theythemtheirtheirs
反义old—(young) heavy—(light) fat—(thin)long—(short) big—(small) slow—(fast)quiet—(loud) come—(go) quickly—(slowly)
leave—(arrive) smile—(cry) infrontof—(behind)before—(after) black—(white) different—(same)outside—(inside) left—(right) wrong—(right)
open—(close) up—(down) in----(on)tall—(short) these—(those) this—(that)strong—(weak) sick—(healthy) hard—(easy)
四、功能句型:
(一)针对个人情况进行交流(提问与回答):
1、询问名字:
What’syourname?
Myname’sWangLing.I’mCharlie
2、询问年龄:
Howoldareyou?
I’mtwelve.
Howoldishe?
Heisthirteen.
3、询问生日:
Whenisyourbirthday?
It’sMarch12th.
4、询问职业:
Areyouadoctor?
Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.
Whatdoyoudo?
Iamateacher.
Whatdoeshedo?
Heisavet.
5、询问身高:
Howtallareyou?
Iam158centimeterstall.
6、询问体重:
Howheavyareyou?
Iweight60kilograms.
7、询问喜爱的颜色:
Doyoulikered?
Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.
Doeshelikered?
Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t..
Whatcolordoyoulike?
Ilikegreen.
Whatcolordoeshelike?
Helikesblue.
8、询问喜爱的食品:
Whatfooddoyoulike?
Ilikechicken.
9、询问喜爱的学科:
What’syourfavoritesubject?
Myfavoritesubjectismath.
10、询问喜爱的季节:
Whatseasondoyoulike?
Ilikesp
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