Lesson10TheTrialThatRocked__theWorld高级英语第一册教学教案.pptx
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Lesson10TheTrialThatRocked__theWorld高级英语第一册教学教案.pptx
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LessonTenTheTrialThatRockedtheWorld,Objectives,TounderstandthetextTolearnthebackgroundaboutFundamentalismTolearntheconflictbetweenFundamentalismandDarwinism,TeachingContents,1.Introduction2.Detailedstudyofthetext3.Structureanalysis4.Languageappreciation5.Summaryofwordsandphrases6.Exercises,BackgroundMaterial,1.AbouttheauthorandthetrialJohnScopes,ahighschoolscienceteacherinDayton,Tennessee,whowasaccusedofbreakingthelawbyteachingevolution.Hewasthedefendantinthecase.Afterthetrial,hedecidedtowriteastorydescribingthehighlightsofthisfamoustrial.ThenameofJohnScopesbecamesynonymouswiththistrial,whichispopularlyknownasthemonkeytrial(theScopestrial).Afilm,calledInherittheWind,wasmadeofthetrial,withmuchofthedialoguecomingdirectlyfromthetranscriptsofthecourtproceedings.JohnScopesdiedin1979.,BackgroundMaterial,2.TheclashbetweenthefundamentalistsandthemodernistsThefundamentalistmovement:
aconservativeandfanaticallyreligiousAmericanProtestantmovementthatbeganintheearly20thcenturyinoppositiontomodernscientifictendency.ItwasstronginpartsoftheU.S.,especiallytheSouth,atthetime.ThefundamentalistsadheredtoaliteralinterpretationofeverythingintheBibleandregardedthebeliefsasfundamentaltoChristianfaithandmorals.ThemodernistsacceptedthetheoryadvancedbyCharlesDarwinthatallanimallife,includingmonkeysandmen,hadevolvedfromacommonancestor.,BackgroundMaterial,3.MaincharactersinthetrialJohnScopesThedefendantcounsels(counselsforthedefense):
ClarenceDarrow;DudleyFieldMaloneTheprosecutorcounsel(counselfortheprosecution)WilliamJenningsBryan,BackgroundMaterial,WhatdoyouknowaboutDarwinandhisOntheOriginofSpecies?
1809-1882,Englishnaturalistandbiologist,originatorofthetheoryofmansevolutionbynaturalselectionIn1859,CharlesDarwinpublishedhisgreatwork,OntheOriginofSpecies.Heclaimedthatallorganisms,includingourselves,aretheproductsofaslow,naturalprocessofdevelopmentevolution.,SocialBackgroundofDarwins,QueenVictoriacametothethronein1837,whenshewas18yearsold.Sheruledfor63yearsuntil1901,longerthananyotherBritishKingorqueenhadeverruled.ThisperiodcametobeknownastheVictorianAge.Duringthisperiod,greateconomic,social,andpoliticalchangestookplaceandGreatBritainbecamethestrongestandrichestcountryintheworld.TheBritishEmpire,whichincludedCanada,Australia,India,NewZealand,andlargepartsofAfrica,hadaboutaquarteroftheworldslandandaboutaquarteroftheworldspeople.WealthpouredintoBritainfromitscolonies.Industryandtradeexpandedrapidly,andthecountrybecameknownastheworkshopoftheworld,bytheendoftheage,Britainwasbecomingmorethebankeroftheworld.Scienceandtechnologymadegreatadvances.Peoplewerebettereducated.Themiddleclassgrewenormously.Literatureflourished.Inaddition,thegovernmentintroduceddemocraticreforms.,SocialBackgroundofDarwins,InspiteoftheprosperityoftheVictorianAge,workersinbothfactoriesandfarmsstilllivedinterriblepoverty.CharlesDickens,thegreatestnovelistoftheage,alsodescribedinhisnovelsthemiserablelifeandthecrueltreatmentofthepoor.Today,peopleusuallylaughatthemiddleclassoftheVictorianAge,becausetheyalwaystriedtobehaveinawaythatwasconsideredsociallyacceptable,theyweretooself-satisfiedandunwillingtolistentoothersopinions.ManyVictoriansregardedpleasureassin,andpovertyasGodspunishmentforlaziness.DailyfamilyprayerandSundayBible-readingremindedtheirchildrenthatobediencewasthegreatestvirtue.TheearlyVictorianfatherwaslikeakinginthehome,andheexpectedtobeobeyedbyalltheothermembersofthefamily.Hiswifewassupposedtobehisfaithfulcompanion,herplacewasinthehome,andshehadnorighttolookforjobsoutsidethehome.Eveninthehome,herinterestsandconversationwerestrictlycontrolled.ThehighestvirtueoftheVictorianwomenwassexualpurity.,SocialBackgroundofDarwins,TheVictorianswereextremelyreligious.TheybelievedeverywordoftheBible,sothatwhenCharlesDarwinpublishedhisscientificideaabouttheoriginofman,itcausedanangryprotest.Bishopsangrilyresistedthesuggestionthattheyweredescendedfrommonkeys;thescientistsrepliedthattheywouldratherbedescendedfrommonkeysthanfrombishops.DarwinwasagoodChristian,andhebelievedthatascientificstudyofGodsworldcouldleadtobetterunderstandingofGodspurposeandmansduty.YetthetheoriesofDarwinandotherscientistsledmanypeopletofeelthattraditionalvaluescouldnolongerguidetheirlives.,DetailedStudyoftheText:
1.AboutthetitleTheTrialThatRockedtheWorldrock:
tocausegreatshockandsurprisetoThetrialthatcausegreatshockandsurprisetotheworld(in1925),DetailedStudyoftheText:
Para.11.Abuzzranthroughthecrowd.thatswelteringJulydayin1925:
buzz:
thevibratingsoundofabee;thesoundofmanypeoplewhisperingortalkingexcitedlyinlowtonesranthroughthecrowd:
spreadamongthepeoplewhohadcometowatchthetrialasItookmyplaceinthepackedcourt:
asIwenttomyseatinthecourtwhichwascrowdedwithpeoplesweltering:
oppressivelyhotandhumid;veryhot,causingunpleasantness,Para.1,silver-tonguedorator:
persuasive,eloquentpublicspeakerthefundamentalistmovementthathadbroughtaboutthetrial:
ThetrialwasbroughttocourtbyScopesandhislawyers.However,itwasthefundamentalistmovementwhichmadethetrialnecessary,becauseitwasthismovementthathadcreatedthereligiousatmospherethatwasresponsibleforthelawwhichprohibitedtheteachingofevolutionintheschools,anditwastheexistenceofthatlawwhichmadeitnecessarytoholdatrialtochallengethelaw.,Para.2,NowIwasinvolvedinatrialreportedtheworldover:
NowIfoundmyselfinatrialreportedallovertheworld.Seatedincourt,readytotestifyonmybehalf,.ofHarvardUniversity:
readytotestifyonmybehalf:
preparedtoprovideevidencetosupportorhelpme/benefitmeon(in)somebodysbehalf,on(in)behalfofsomebody:
tobenefit,support,servetheinterestsofsomebody,Para.23.Dontworry,son.Wellshowthemafewtricks,.aswewerewaitingforthecourttoopen:
son:
affectionatetermWellshowthemafewtricks:
Welldoafewthingstooutwitthem(theprosecution);wehavesomecleverandunexpectedtacticsandwewillsurprisetheminthetrial.reassuringarm:
Obviouslythearmcantbereassuring!
inareassuringmanner,afriendlygesturetoputJohnatease.transferredepithet,Para.3,1.Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead.atthesecondaryschool:
erupt:
emergesuddenlyandviolently;explodeThecasehadcomedownuponmeunexpectedlyandviolently;Iwassuddenlyengulfedbythewholeaffair.2.Aclashhadbeenbuildingupbetweenthefundamentalistsandthemodernists:
Theconflicthadbecomemoreandmoreintense,Para.91.WhenIwasindictedonMay7,famoustrialsinU.S.history:
indict:
tocharge(someone)formallywithanoffenceinlawwhenIwasindicted:
whenaformalaccusationwasmadeagainstmeofbreakingthislawleastofallI:
I,lessthananyoneelsesnowball:
metaphorgrowrapidlyinsizeorsignificanceParaphrase:
Iwasthelastonetoexpectthatmycasewouldgrow(ordevelop)intooneofthemostfamoustrialsinU.S.history.,Para.9,assistthestateinprosecutingme:
Sincethecaserevolvesaroundastatelaw,thestateofTennesseeistheoffendedparty;itisthestatewhichprosecutesScopes.ThusthetrialwouldbecalledtheStateofTennesseevs.JohnScopes.BryanvolunteeredtobethelawyeronbehalfoftheState.ironically:
referstoincongruitybetweenwhatmighthavebeenexpectedandactuallyhappened.OnewouldhaveexpectedthathewouldhaveknownDarrowwhowasgoingtodefendhimandnothaveknownBryanwhowasgoingtoprosecutehim.,Para.101.ourtownof1500peoplepeoplehadtaken.acircusatmosphere:
takeon:
begintohave(thelookof)Allkindsofactivitiesweregoingoninthetownandtherewasakindofnoisyholidayspiritthere.(Suddenlythetownwastransformedintoakindofcircuswithmanypeoplecomingtohearthetrial.Thetownpeopletookadvantageofthesuddeninfluxofvisitorstoexpandtheirbusinessactivities.),Para.102.Thestreetsaroundthethree-storey.andwatermelons:
sprout:
growordevelopquicklyrickety:
easytofallorbreakdownbecauseofweakness;shakyThesericketystands,whichappearedsuddenlyeverywhere,soldhotdogs,religiousbooks,watermelons,etc.Thisemphasizethetownscircusatmosphere.Religiousbooksweresoldbecausemanyreligiouspeopleattendedthistrial.3.Evangelistssetupcentstoexhortthepassersby:
evangelist:
thepersonwhopreachestheChristiangospel,esp.atravelingpreacherexhort:
urgeearnestlyThetravelingpreacherserectedtentstourgepeoplepassingbytobelieveinGod.,4.Butlerwasa49-year-oldfarmer.hisnativecounty:
beforehiselection:
beforehewaselectedtotheTennesseelegislaturehadneverbeenoutofhisnativecounty:
Hisexperienceandvisionwerelimited.Hewasnarrow-minded.Para.111.Imjistareglarmountaineerjedge.:
Imjustanordinaryjudgefromthemountains.Uneducatedfalsemodestysouthern,Para.11Bryan,ageingaridpaunchy.TomSteward:
attorneygeneral:
chieflawofficerandlegalexpertofthegovernmentatastateortheU.S.Besidestheshrewd68-year-oldDarrow.steepedinthelaw:
1)shrewd:
astute,sharp,clever,nottobeoutwitted;implyingnegativequalitiescunning,tricky,dishonest2)magnetic:
stronglyattractive;saidofaperson,personalityetc.3)steepedinthelaw:
thoroughlyfamiliarwiththelaw,Para.11,4.Inatrialinwhichreligion.aCatholicandHaysaJew:
inatrialinwhichreligionplayedakeyrole:
Scopeswasaccusedofviolatingthelawwhichproh
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