高考英语核心素养主题阅读理解10篇(含答案)---科技类.docx
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高考英语核心素养主题阅读理解10篇(含答案)---科技类.docx
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Text1
新高考核心素养主题阅读理解10篇
科学技术类
Wikitongueswaslaunchedin2016asanopeninternetcollectionofworldlanguages.ThecollectionisintheformoflanguagevideosthatvolunteersaddtotheWikitongueswebsite.
Evenwiththeinternet'swidereach,lessthan1percentofalllanguagesareactivelyrepresentedonline.Theorganizationseekstoserveasaninternetresourcetoconnectuserswhowishtokeepalanguagealive.
Therearecurrentlymorethan400languagesanddialectsrepresentedonWikitongues'YouTubechannel.Some,likeEnglish,FarsiandMandarin,arespokenbyhundredsofmillionsofpeople.Othersaremoreuncommon.Bora,forexample,isspokenbyonlyafewthousandpeopleintheAmazonregions.
DanielUdell,theco-founderofWikitongues,saystherearemanyexamplesoflanguagesthatdisappearedbutlaterreturnedtouse."Hebrewwentextinctinthe4thcenturyBC,andgotrevivedinthe1800s.Nowonceagain,it'sthemothertongueofhalfoftheworld'sJewishpopulation."OneofWikitongues'volunteersisTheronKolokwe,wholivesinNamibia.HisnativelanguageisSubiya,whichisspokenbyabout30,000peoplealongtheZambeziRiver."Ithinkinmylanguage,"Kolokwesaid."Idreaminmylanguage.It'sthelanguagethatIwasborninto.Ididn'thavethechoicetospeakit."However,hedoesnotgetthechancetospeakhisnativelanguageeveryday.Likemanyothereducatedpeoplefromhisarea,hespeaksalotofEnglish.
KolokweishopinghisinvolvementwithWikitonguescanhelpkeepSubiyaandotherAfricanlanguagesfromgoingextinct."Iwanttheworldtoknowaboutmylanguage,"Kolokwesaid.Buthisgoalgoesbeyondjustsharinghislanguagewithothersthroughvideo.Heisalsoworkingtocreateadictionaryandlanguageteachingmaterialsthatcanbeusedinschools.
1.What’sthepurposeofWikitongues?
A.Tohelpforeignlanguagelearners.
B.Tohelppreserveworldlanguages.
C.Tocallformorevoluntarywork.
D.Tobringoldlanguagesbacktolife.
2.Howisthethirdparagraphmainlydeveloped?
A.BytimeB.BycomparisonC.ByspaceD.Byimportance
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gotrevived”(inPara.4)probablymean?
A.CametoanendB.Fellintoruin
C.ReturnedtolifeD.Cameintobeing
4.HowdoesTheronKolokwesoundinthefifthparagraph?
A.Proud C.ExcitedC.AnxiousD.RegretfulText2
JulieInmanGrant,Australia'seSafetycommissioner专(员),iswarningparentstobecarefulabout
introducing"smarttoys"intothefamilyhomethisChristmas.Shesayswhileinternet-connectedtoyscanoffermanybenefitsthroughinteractiveplayandeducation,it'simportantparentsbeawareofpossibleprivacyandsecurityrisks.ThecommentscomeafterarecentsurveyshowingAustralianparentsaredividedaboutbuyingtheirchildrenweb-enabledChristmasgifts.
"Afterall,parentsareonthefrontlineofdefenceagainstanyrisktheirchildrencanbeexposedto
online,soremainingengagedintheironlinelivesjustastheyareofflineisintegral,"MsInmanGranttoldAAPinastatement.
TheeSafetycommissionersuggestedparentscheckhowdevicesstoreandusekids'information,
setstrongpasswordstokeeptheiraccountssafeandavoidlinkingtheirlocationorsensitivedatawithothers.Usersshouldalsousethelatestsecurityandsoftwareupdatesandremoveunnecessaryfunctionslikerecordingcapabilities,MsInmanGrantsaid.
Arecentsurveyof1035AustralianparentssuggestedhalfwereplanningtobuysmartdevicesandtoysforkidsthisChristmas.Atthesametime,thesurveycarriedoutbyNortonsaid50percentofparentsweresettoaskfriendsandrelativesnottobuysuchdevicesfortheirchildren.
SydneyparentsSimoneandGrahamKirkwoodhavetakenadifferentapproachbyteachingtheirfamilyofsevenaboutsmartuseofsmartdevices.Usingaphoneappconnectedtothefamily'swi-firouter(路线),MrKirkwoodcancutoffallaccesstosocialmediaduringdinnertimeandsetdailytimelimitsforcertainsites.
Hesaidtheruleswereespeciallyeffectivewithhisyoungesttwochildren."Especiallycomingintosummer,thisistheperfectopportunitytogetthemoffit,"hetoldAAP."Youcantrainthemandthentheywon'tbesoreliantonit."
1.WhyisMsInmanconcernedabout“smarttoys”?
A.Theyarehighlyaddictive.
B.Theycostparentstoomuch.
C.Theyareadangertokids’health.
D.Theycontainprivacyandsecurityrisks.
2.What’sMsInman’sattitudetotherecordingfunctionofsmartdevices?
A.ApprovingB.DoubtfulC.Grateful D.Negative
3.WhatdoweknowaboutAustralianparentsfromparagraph4?
A.Theyprefersmarttoysfortheirkids.
B.Theyareequallydividedonsmartdevices.
C.Theyfindithardtolivewithoutsmartdevices.
D.TheyseldombuyChristmasgiftsfortheirkids.
4.HowdoesMrKirkwooddealwithsmartdevicesathome?
A.Heremovedallofthemdecisively.
B.Hesetslimitsontheminatechnicalway.
C.Hekeepsthemawayfromallsocialmedia.
D.Hemakesthemaccessibleonlyatdinnertime.
Text3
SimplyscanthebarcodeofthecommoditiesanduseTencent'sWeChattopay.ThisiscommoninChina,butnow,itcanalsobeachievedinFuji-QHighlandparkinJapan.
"Noneedtolineuptopay.ThepriceoftheJapaneseyencanbeconvertedtoRMBdirectly.AndIcangetadiscountbyusingWeChatpay,"aChinesetouristtoldareporter.
OnJuly19,WeChatPaybecameanofficialmobilepaymentpartnerforFuji-QHighland.Mostof
thestoresintheparkcanuseWeChatPay.AndvisitorscanalsouseWeChattobuyticketsatadiscount,explorethemapandcheckhowlongqueuesare.
"WeChatPayusedtoworkwithcompaniesintheretailandcateringindustry(餐饮业),butnow
wewanttobringconveniencetoChinesetouristsinmorefields,suchasentertainment,"said
ZhengHongmin,marketingdirectorofTencent'sWeChatPayinternationalbusiness.
WeChatPayenteredtheJapanesemarketin2016,andithasspreadfast.OversixmillionChinesetouristsvisitedJapanlastyear.TillJune,theaveragenumberofdailytransactions(交易)hasincreasedmorethansixtimescomparedwiththesameperiodlastyear.Andthetotaltradingamountroseoverfivetimes.However,achievingthisisnoteasy.Japaniscurrentlybehindothercountrieswhenitcomestoe-payments.TheUS-basedBostonConsultingGroupsays65percentofpaymentsinJapanaresettledwithcash,doubletheaverageofdevelopednations.However,morethan70percentofKenyancellphonecustomersusemobilepayments.Thenumberjumpsto98percentinChineseurbanareas.
Asthe2020TokyoOlympicsapproach,Japanisheadingtowardsbeingacashlesssociety,tostimulateathleteandtouristspending.This,also,isanopportunityforChinesee-paymentplatformstogrababiggermarketshare.
1.Whatdoestheword“converted”inparagraph2mean?
A.Changed B.Reduced C.ConnectedD.Referred
2.WhatdoesWeChatmeanforvisitorstoFuji-QHighland?
A.Freetickets B.Cheaperfoods
C.Longerqueues D.Moreconvenience
3.What’sZhengHongmin’stonelikeinparagraph4?
A.AngryB.DoubtfulC.AnxiousD.Ambitious
4.Whatinformationcanwegetfromparagraph5?
A.It’sunlawfultouseWeChatinJapn.
B.KenyaisleadingJapanine-payments.
C.FewKenyanpeoplecanaffordcellphones.
D.Japnisleadingdevelopednationsine-payments.Text4
Whatifyou'reinadriverlesscarandanothercar,drivenbyahuman,isabouttohityou?
Canyouseizebackcontrolandgetoutoftheway?
Driverlesscarsareveryunlikelytomakemistakes,saysIanChristensenfromtheiMOVECRC,a
companydesignedtobringdriverlesstechnologytomarket.
Butdriverlesscarscannotundomistakesmadebyhumandriversaroundthem,whichmeansifanotherhumandriverisabouttohityou,it'sunlikelyyourdriverlesscarcandomuchtoavoidtheaccident.
Whataboutadifferentscenario:
adogrunsontotheroad.Howdoesthedriverlesscardecidewhethertoswervetoavoidthedogifdoingsowouldmeanhittingalittlegirlontheoppositefootpath?
“Thisiseasier,”saysChristensen.“Adriverlesscarwillbeabletorecognizeobjectsin
itspathandtakeactiontoavoidcollision(s碰撞).Itwillalsobeabletodistinguishbetweenmostlifeforms:
notbetweenalabradorandagoldenretriever,butbetweenadogandahuman.”
Itwillbeprogrammedwitha"relativenegativeconsequence"ofimpactwitheachclassofobjectandwillalwayschoosethe"leastbad"option.Thecarprogrammersareworkingonenablingthecartomakeadditionalanimalidentificationsincludinghorses,cowsandsheep,andevenkangaroosandmoose.Themoreseverecaseofthisproblemisthechoicebetweenhittingandpotentiallykillingthechildonthefootpath,orcrashingthecarintoabrickwallandpotentiallykillingthevehicle'soccupants.Hereyouhaveanethical(伦理的)dilemma,Christensensays,that'sbeenwithussincethebeginningsofmotorisedtransport.
Humansarealreadyforcedtomakethosesplit-secondchoicesontheroad.Thequestionis:
Cansocietyacceptthosecalculationsbeingmadebyathird-partycomputerprogrammeratthetimeofthecar'sdesign?
1.Whatdoesthetextmainlydisucss?
A.Howtoavoidtrafficaccidents.
B.Thepopularityofdriverlesscars.
C.Theproblemwithdriverlesscars.
D.Howtoprotectdogsonthestreet.
2.AccordingtoChristensen,adriverlesscar .
A.isstillfarfrommarket.
B.makessillymistakessometimes.
C.cankeepoffdangerautomatically.
D.canbecomevictimsofhumanmistakes.
3.Whatdoesadriverlesscarseemtoneedmostintermsoftechnology?
A.Asensitivebrakingsystem.
B.Ananimal-friendlyprogram.
C.A"leastbad"optionprogram.
D.Anadvancedalarmingsystem.
4.Whichistheclosestinmeaningto
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