培训师资料--21种演讲技巧.ppt
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培训师资料--21种演讲技巧.ppt
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21SecretstoBecomingAGoodSpeaker,Kai-FuLeeManagingDirectorMicrosoftResearch,China,WePresentEveryDay!
Notjustconferencetalks.ProductgroupmeetingsBillG/TABmeetingsPreambletoademoConvinceaproductgrouptobeinterestedPresentpatenttoalawyerPresentagroupresultatoffsite“Elevator”talks,ButImnotgoodatit.,Presentationskillscanbeacquired.Examples:
BillGatesKai-FuLee,WhatYoullLearnToday:
CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.,WhatisCommunicationSkills?
Verbal(wordsspoken)Vocal(tone,range,appeal,credibilityofvoice)Visual(physicalappearance,clothing,gestures,eyecontact),7%38%55%,“Withouteffectivedelivery,aspeechofthehighestmentalcapacitycanbeheldinnoesteem.Witheffectivedelivery,evenonewithmoderateabilitiesmaysurpassthoseofthehighesttalent.”-Cicero“Themanwhocanthinkanddoesnotknowhowtoexpresswhathethinksisatthelevelofhimwhocannotthink.”-Pericles,TheImportanceofCommunicationSkills,CommunicationSkills=Fake?
MostimportantfactorisPASSION!
Ifyourepassionate,yourvocal&visualskillswillcomenaturally.Passioncouldcomefromsubject,experience,orenvironment.“ThereisjustonesurecureforbadspeechesGettrulyexcitedonthesubject,and99percentofthefaultsofyourspeakingwilldisappear.”-RobertMontgomery,Butthereareskillstobelearned.Likereading,writing,typing.Mustlearnthis,ifyouwantyourworktobeunderstood!
VerbalSkills,Besimpleandclear!
Dontramble.Stoptothinkifyouneedto.Exampleone:
DanQuaylecelebratesdemocracy:
Exampletwo:
DanQuayletryingtosay“Amindisaterriblethingtowaste”,VerbalSkills,Speakingisnotlikewriting!
Usesimplewords.Dontusecomplexsentences.Canyouunderstandthis:
Dontuseambiguouswordsinspeech.,VocalSkills,Project&resonateyourvoice.No“UM”sand“ER”s.(Pauseinstead).Silenceisatool(Todrawattention).,VocalSkills,Playyourvoicewithpitchandtempo.Toamplifyapoint,slowdown,speakloudly,exaggerateinotation,pauseintherightplaces.“Youareright.Iamwrong”StalintoTrotsky“Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry”-JohnF.KennedyBADEXAMPLE:
“Iwelcomethiskindofexamination,becausepeoplehavetoknowwhethertheirpresidentisacrook.Well,Imnotacrook.”-RichardM.NixonDontuseiteverywhere!
VocalSkills:
Samemessage;manywaystodeiver,JohnKennedy:
“Youneedtocontributetoyourcountry”“Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry”.Quaylevs.BensonDebate:
Quayle:
IhaveasmuchexperienceintheCongressasJackKennedydidwhenhesoughtthepresidency.Answer1:
“JackKennedyisbetterthanyou.”Answer2:
Senator,IservedwithJackKennedy.IknewJackKennedy.JackKennedywasafriendofmine.Senator,yourenoJackKennedy.“,VocalSkills:
Enthusiasm,Passion&Enthusiasm!
Ifyourenotpassionate,whyshouldwecare?
Example:
MartinLutherKingIhaveadream.ThatonedayThisnationwillriseupLiveuptothetruemeaningtoitscreed:
Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evidentThatallmenarecreatedequal.,VisualSkills,VisualSkillsTHEmostimportantAppeartrustworthy&respectful.USElection1960waswononvisualskills.ComponentsofVisualSkillsEyesBodyHandsFace,VisualSkillsEyes,Lookforwardataudience(trust)Dontshifteyeballs;dontlookincorner.Dontlooktoomuchatcomputerscreenoryournotes.Lookatpeoplesfaces(noteyes)3-6secondsperperson.Shiftrandomly.Nod,smile,usefacialexpression.,VisualSkillsBody,Standupwhentalking.Walkaround=informal.Dont:
Rock,shake,leantoomuch.,VisualSkillsHands,Gesturecomplementstalk.Shouldcomenaturally,withoutthinking.Makesuretheymatch!
NeedtoexaggeratealittleEspeciallywithlargeaudience.Dontfidgetorputinpocket.Videotapewholetalk&watch.,VisualSkillsFace,Showemotion!
Mostofthetime:
“Icarealotaboutthis.”“Ireallybelieveinthis.”“Ilovemywork.”Sometimes(inresponsetoquestions).“ThisisthemostoutrageousthingIveeverheard.”“Iwillhavenothingtodowiththis.”,WhatYoullLearnToday:
CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.,PreparingtheTalk,AlwaysOVERPREPARE!
Preparationincludes:
Researchingthebackground.Organizingthetalk.Writingtheslides.Rehearsingthetalk.Lastminutethings.,ResearchingtheBackground,Whenyoureinvited,findout:
Howlongisthetalk?
Whatsthetopic?
(Saynoifyoudontcareaboutthetopic).Whostheaudience.Onceyousayyes,youareCOMMITTEDtodoagreatjob.,OrganizingtheTalk,Yourethesalesman.Firstlessonforsalesmen:
“Tellthemwhatyouregoingtosay.Sayit.Tellthemwhatyousaid”Verysimilartoyourpaper!
TheCentralMessage(it),Peoplewillnotremembereverything.HaveONEclearwalk-awaymessage.Whatdoyouwantpeopletorememberin3months?
Theanswertothequestion:
“Howwasthetalk?
”Repeatit!
TheOpening,Saysomethingprovoking!
Givea(veryshort)outline/overview.,TheSubstance,Logical.Convincing.Helpthemrememberthemessage!
Anticipatedoubts&removethem.SmoothtransitionsDontlosetheaudienceOKtore-orderthesub-topics.Keeprepeatingthemessage!
TheEnding,EndwithaBANG!
Repeatthemessage.Saythankyou.,WritingtheVisuals(PowerPoint),Prepation(80%time)Firstprepareoutline(recommend:
Word).Thenmodifyoutlinefor:
Logiconvincing,flow,transitions.ActualSlideWriting(20%time)Shouldcomealmostdirectlyfromtheoutline.,UseofVisuals(PowerPoint),Visualsonlysupportyourtalk.Spendmoretimeonyourtalk!
Simpleandclear1idea;3sub-concepts;=6lines.ReadableBig&color-coordinated.Dontreadfromtheslides!
WhatifTalkisComplex,Dontlosepeople.Usegrayedoutoutline.Ifideaiscomplex:
Tryreallyhardtoavoidcomplexslides,butIfyoumustuseit,uselayers(preventread-ahead&lackoffocus).Remembertochangeslidesforprinting.Example.,Ifyoumustusecomplexlayersagoodexample,ContentServer,ProxyServer,Clients,UseofDemos/Multimedia,Keepsthetalkinteresting.Dontoverdoit.Shouldbetiedtocontent.Ordering:
2,N,N-1,N-2,.3,1,RehearsingYourTalk,Record&listentoeverytalkatleasttwice!
Record:
Best:
PowerPointfeatures.OK:
Taperecorder.Mustdosometime:
VideoAskexperiencedspeakertocritique.Improve:
Style,logic,timingperslide.,GettheTimingRight!
Runningoutoftimeisadisaster.Writehowmuchtimeshouldremainoneachslide.,Afteryouremoreexperienced.,Nolongernecessarytorecord.Everynewtalkstillmustberehearsed.Bringnotesifyouarentconfident.,JustBeforetheTalk.,Preparesomethingmatchingtheoccasion.Makesureyourenottootired:
Getenoughsleepthepreviousnight.Drink3cupsofcoffee!
WhatYoullLearnToday:
CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.,DeliveringtheTalk,Overcominglanguagebarrier.Overcomingnervousness.ArtofGoodOpening&ending.HumorAudienceparticipation,OvercomingLanguageBarrier,PerfectEnglishnotnecessary.Knowyourlimitations.Dontusefancywords,complexsentences.Donttakeanychanceoflookingsilly.OKtobringcheatnotes!
Outline&Script,Alwaysmakeanoutline.PowerPointnotes;WordOutline.Donthavetouseit.ItmaybebesttoREADaspeech.Noexcusenottobefluent!
(practice!
)Dontstareatpaper.(Memorizeitifyoureprefer).,OvercomingNervousness,“Dothethingyoufearandthedeathoffeariscertain.”-RalphWaldoEmerson,HidingNervousness,Itispossibletohidenervousness!
Dontlettheshakingshow!
Makeafist;holdthelectern.Speakloudly.Takeadeepbreath.Lookatafriendlyface.Lookabovepeoplesheads.,ArtofGoodOpening&Ending,OpeningSaysomethingrelevanttotheoccasion.Needtoresearchbackgroundbeforethetalk.Ending“Ifyourememberonlyonethingfromthistalk,thenyoushouldrememberXXX”.,Humor,Goodhumor:
Respectful.Relevant(betteryet:
original).Short.Planyourjokes:
Rememberwhatworked.Useitagain!
Humor,Howtotellajoke?
Setup(peopleshouldknowajokeiscomingup).Pauseafterclimax(punchline).Moveonnaturallyifnoreaction!
AudienceParticipation,Bestwayforpeopletoremember!
AskaudienceaquestionAnticipatetheiranswer(s)!
RespondwithsomethinginterestingANDrelevant.,BeYourself,Learntheskills;dontcopythestyles.Youmustbeyourselftobecredible.Manystylescouldbeeffective:
BillGatesBrillianttechnologistSteveBallmerPowerfulsalesmanSteveJobsPassionateevangelist,WhatYoullLearnToday:
CommunicationskillsPreparingtheTalkDeliveringtheTalkHandlingQ&A21secretstobecomingagoodspeaker.,Q&A,Q&Aisyourchanceto:
Amplifyyourpoints.Increaseyourcredibility.,DealingwithQuestions,EasyQuestionsAmplifyyourpoints!
HardQuestionsNoneedtoanswerdirectly.Butdonthide!
NarrowQuestionsTakeoffline.,Q&AGivingAGoodAnswer,RespectthelistenerRightbodylanguageRepeatthequestionCompleteifpeoplecannothear.Paraphrasetohelpamplifyyourpoint.Ifpeoplearetooshy,youstart!
Dontargueordismissaquestion.,21Secrets,#1Anybodycanlearntogiveagoodtalk.,21Secrets,#2Dontgiveatalkunlessyourepassionate.,21Secrets,#3Usesimpleandclearwords.,21Secrets,#4Playyourvoicetofocusonkeypoints.,21Secrets,#5Silenceisagreattool.,21Secrets,#6Overprepareeverytalk.,21Secrets,#7Tellthemwhatyouregoingtosay.Sayit.Tellthemwhatyousaid.,21Secrets,#8HaveONEclearcentralmessagefor:
thequestion“Howwasthetalk”,21Secrets,#9Openyourtalkwithsomethingthought-provoking,21Secrets,#10Slidesshouldbesimple&clear.,21Secrets,#11Dontreadfromyourslides.,21Secrets,#12Orderyourdemos.,21Secrets,#13Rehearse&listentoeachtalkatleasttwice!
21Secrets,#14Timeyourtalkoneveryslide.,21Secrets,#15ItmaybeOKtoreadfromascript.,21Secrets,#16Stayawake!
Drink3cupsofcoffeebeforeyourtalk.,21Secrets,#17Itispossibletohidenervousness.,21Secrets
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